What type of check can be made to locate a Operate the engine and perform a cold cylinder check with a temperature probe.
cold cylinder on an engine?
A cylinder bore gauge can be used to determine out of round and dimensional limits by
How is a cylinder barrel checked for being measuring the cylinder at the top and at the skirt. Readings should be taken 90º apart.
out of tolerance?
Name some of the different types of piston Types of piston rings are compression, oil control, oil scraper, square, wedge, and two
piece rings.
rings.
What types of bearings are used in Plain, ball, and roller.
reciprocating engines?
Valve overlap occurs when both the intake and exhaust valves are open at the same
time during the last part of the exhaust stroke. This permits better volumetric efficiency,
What is the purpose and function of a valve scavenging of the exhaust gases and lowers the cylinder operating temperature.
overlap?
What may be the results of incorrectly Excessive oil consumption, lowered compression, possible damage to the cylinder
installed piston rings on a piston? walls and piston.
Low power and uneven running at idle and uneven manifold pressure readings at idle.
What is the indication of a leaky induction
system?
Idling RPM and manifold pressure, engine acceleration, maximum static RPM and
What is checked on engine runup to manifold pressure, magneto drop, ignition switch safety check, propeller pitch change,
determine the operational condition of the propeller feathering, oil pressure, fuel pressure, and fuel flow.
engine?
It is an ignition system using a magneto with brush-type distributor and a coil that has
no secondary wiring. Low voltage is directed from the magneto to a transformer
mounted on the cylinder head. Here the low voltage is boosted to a high voltage and is
What is a low tension ignition system? directed through a very short high-tension lead to the spark plug. There is one
transformer for each spark plug.
Why are both the hot and cold valve The hot clearance is given for valve timing purposes. When the timing is set, all of the
clearances given for most radial engines? valves are adjusted to their cold clearance.
The tail of the airplane must be supported.
What must normally be done to a nose
wheel airplane before removing an engine?
What is meant by QEC engine assembly? An engine that has been prepared for a quick engine change.
A. Before the spark plugs are installed and after the oil tank or sump is filled, turn the
engine over with the starter until oil runs out of the fitting to which the oil pressure
reading connects.
What are two ways of pre-oiling an engine? B. Use a pre-oiler tank. Air pressure forces oil through all of the passages until some of
it flows from the oil pressure gauge fitting.
Describe the major components of a typical Air inlet, compressor section, combustion section, turbine section, exhaust section, and
gas turbine engine. accessory section.
Centrifugal and axial flow
Describe the different types of compressors
currently used in turbojet engines.
What is the purpose of a carbon seal in a The carbon seal is a type of seal used in the turbine area of the engine and remains
turbojet engine? effective in high temperature areas.
Name some advantages of a turbofan The turbofan is quieter and has additional thrust without increasing fuel flow, and is
engine over a turbojet engine? quieter.
, Dents, galling, pitting, cracks, scratches, burrs. blisters and gouges.
Describe the types of compressor blade
damage that may be found when inspecting
them.
An inspection of the hot section of a turbine engine. The hot section includes
What is meant by a hot-section inspection? combustors, the turbine, and the exhaust section.
•Inspection of the cowling and all air inlet areas and attachment of the engine to the
airframe.
•Inspection of the inlet guide vanes and the first stage of the compressor or fan blades.
•Check for unusual noise when compressor is rotated.
•Inspection of the rear turbine and exhaust section.
•Check the quantity of the lubricating oil for the engine and the constant-speed drive
What checks of a turbine engine are
unit.
necessary to verify preflight condition?
•Check the ignition system by listening for sparks.
What is meant by trimming a turbine Adjusting the fuel control so the engine develops the correct idle and trim speed RPM.
section?
A JetCal Analyzer/Trimmer has all of the instrumentation and cables to determine the
What type of equipment should be used to EGT, EPR, and the other parameters specified by the engine manufacturer.
determine that a turbine engine is
performing up to the standards specified by
the engine manufacturer?
An approval issued by the FAA for a modification to a type-certificated airframe, engine
What is a Supplemental Type Certificate? or component.
The engine data plate contains information related to the manufacturer, model and
How is it possible to identify an engine
without any technical data? serial number of the engine.
An internal cylinder inspection should be performed using a borescope before the
What additional inspection should be cylinder is removed.
performed if a cylinder compression is below
normal for that cylinder?
How would a mechanic determine what ADs Review ADs and bu-weekly summary as well as historical records of the engine.
would apply to a specific engine?
It is necessary when specified by the manufacturer based on time in service intervals
When would it be necessary to perform a hot
section inspection on an engine? as well as anytime that a turbine section over-temperature event has occurred.
The Type Certificate Data sheet or inspection and limitation section of manufacturer's
Where does a mechanic or inspector find a
list of life limited parts? maintenance manual will have a list of the life limited items for the engine.
What are three types of flow indicating Vane-type flow meters, synchronous mass type flow meters, and electronic motorless
mass flow meters.
systems used for turbine engines?
The mass of the flow.This is affected by the density of the fuel which is in turn affected
What do mass flow systems measure? by the fuel temperature.
Pounds per hour of fuel flow.
In what units is an electronic motorless mass
flow meter system calibrated?
What is indicated in a turbine engine if the If there are other instrument abnormalities, there are possibly damaged turbine
components.
fuel flow for all conditions is high?
The components can only be repaired by an FAA approved repair station certificated
Who is authorized to repair a fuel flow
indicating system? for the particular instruments.
In the aircraft maintenance manual.
Where can you find the electrical power
requirements for a fuel flow indicating
system?
, Between the fuel control and the fuel nozzles.
Where in the fuel system is the fuel flow
transmitter located?
A sealed system in which a bulb, partially filled with a highly volatile liquid, is installed
inside the oil strainer. The bulb is connected to a pressure gauge by a copper tube.
What kind of indicating system is used to The pressure of the gas above the liquid is proportional to the temperature of the oil
measure oil temperature in a small, single- that surrounds the bulb, and the pressure gauge is calibrated in terms of temperature.
engine, general aviation airplane?
Thermocouple system.
What type of instrument system is used for
measuring cylinder-head temperature and
exhaust gas temperature?
A ratiometer-type system.
What kind of electrical instrument is used for
measuring oil temperature?
The same as the outside air temperature gauge.
What should a thermocouple cylinder-head
temperature indicator read when the engine
is cold?
The resistance is critical, it must have the resistance specified on the indicator. This is
What is critical in the installation of the usually 2 or 8 ohms.
thermocouple leads for a cylinder-head
temperature indicator, the length of the leads
or their resistance?
The pointer should be off scale on the low side.
What should a ratiometer temperature
indicator read when the electrical power is
off?
A magnetic drag tachometer that is similar to an automobile speedometer.
What kind of tachometer is used on most
small single-engine airplanes?
What would likely cause the pointer of a Either a dry cable connecting the indicator to the engine, or a kink in the cable housing.
magnetic drag tachometer to oscillate?
Yes, this does not constitute a repair to an instrument.
Is it permissible for a mechanic with an
airframe and powerplant rating to replace
the tachometer cable for a magnetic drag
tachometer?
A three-phase AC electric tachometer.
What kind of tachometer is used on most
large multi-engine airplanes?
The frequency of the AC the tachometer generator produces.
What is measured to indicate the engine
RPM with a three-phase AC electric
tachometer?
A Bourdon tube.
What kind of indicator mechanism is used to
measure oil pressure?
What kind of indicator mechanism is used to A differential bellows.
measure manifold pressure?
The existing barometric pressure as indicated on the altimeter barometric scale when
What should a manifold pressure gauge
the altimeter pointers are set to the surveyed field elevation.
read when the engine is not operating?
A fitting with a restrictor that smoothes out the pulsations and prevents a break in the
What type of fitting is used to connect an oil
indicator line, causing a serious loss of engine oil.
pressure gauge to the engine?
A light oil such as kerosene.
What is used to fill the line between a fuel
pressure gauge and the fuel metering
system?
cold cylinder on an engine?
A cylinder bore gauge can be used to determine out of round and dimensional limits by
How is a cylinder barrel checked for being measuring the cylinder at the top and at the skirt. Readings should be taken 90º apart.
out of tolerance?
Name some of the different types of piston Types of piston rings are compression, oil control, oil scraper, square, wedge, and two
piece rings.
rings.
What types of bearings are used in Plain, ball, and roller.
reciprocating engines?
Valve overlap occurs when both the intake and exhaust valves are open at the same
time during the last part of the exhaust stroke. This permits better volumetric efficiency,
What is the purpose and function of a valve scavenging of the exhaust gases and lowers the cylinder operating temperature.
overlap?
What may be the results of incorrectly Excessive oil consumption, lowered compression, possible damage to the cylinder
installed piston rings on a piston? walls and piston.
Low power and uneven running at idle and uneven manifold pressure readings at idle.
What is the indication of a leaky induction
system?
Idling RPM and manifold pressure, engine acceleration, maximum static RPM and
What is checked on engine runup to manifold pressure, magneto drop, ignition switch safety check, propeller pitch change,
determine the operational condition of the propeller feathering, oil pressure, fuel pressure, and fuel flow.
engine?
It is an ignition system using a magneto with brush-type distributor and a coil that has
no secondary wiring. Low voltage is directed from the magneto to a transformer
mounted on the cylinder head. Here the low voltage is boosted to a high voltage and is
What is a low tension ignition system? directed through a very short high-tension lead to the spark plug. There is one
transformer for each spark plug.
Why are both the hot and cold valve The hot clearance is given for valve timing purposes. When the timing is set, all of the
clearances given for most radial engines? valves are adjusted to their cold clearance.
The tail of the airplane must be supported.
What must normally be done to a nose
wheel airplane before removing an engine?
What is meant by QEC engine assembly? An engine that has been prepared for a quick engine change.
A. Before the spark plugs are installed and after the oil tank or sump is filled, turn the
engine over with the starter until oil runs out of the fitting to which the oil pressure
reading connects.
What are two ways of pre-oiling an engine? B. Use a pre-oiler tank. Air pressure forces oil through all of the passages until some of
it flows from the oil pressure gauge fitting.
Describe the major components of a typical Air inlet, compressor section, combustion section, turbine section, exhaust section, and
gas turbine engine. accessory section.
Centrifugal and axial flow
Describe the different types of compressors
currently used in turbojet engines.
What is the purpose of a carbon seal in a The carbon seal is a type of seal used in the turbine area of the engine and remains
turbojet engine? effective in high temperature areas.
Name some advantages of a turbofan The turbofan is quieter and has additional thrust without increasing fuel flow, and is
engine over a turbojet engine? quieter.
, Dents, galling, pitting, cracks, scratches, burrs. blisters and gouges.
Describe the types of compressor blade
damage that may be found when inspecting
them.
An inspection of the hot section of a turbine engine. The hot section includes
What is meant by a hot-section inspection? combustors, the turbine, and the exhaust section.
•Inspection of the cowling and all air inlet areas and attachment of the engine to the
airframe.
•Inspection of the inlet guide vanes and the first stage of the compressor or fan blades.
•Check for unusual noise when compressor is rotated.
•Inspection of the rear turbine and exhaust section.
•Check the quantity of the lubricating oil for the engine and the constant-speed drive
What checks of a turbine engine are
unit.
necessary to verify preflight condition?
•Check the ignition system by listening for sparks.
What is meant by trimming a turbine Adjusting the fuel control so the engine develops the correct idle and trim speed RPM.
section?
A JetCal Analyzer/Trimmer has all of the instrumentation and cables to determine the
What type of equipment should be used to EGT, EPR, and the other parameters specified by the engine manufacturer.
determine that a turbine engine is
performing up to the standards specified by
the engine manufacturer?
An approval issued by the FAA for a modification to a type-certificated airframe, engine
What is a Supplemental Type Certificate? or component.
The engine data plate contains information related to the manufacturer, model and
How is it possible to identify an engine
without any technical data? serial number of the engine.
An internal cylinder inspection should be performed using a borescope before the
What additional inspection should be cylinder is removed.
performed if a cylinder compression is below
normal for that cylinder?
How would a mechanic determine what ADs Review ADs and bu-weekly summary as well as historical records of the engine.
would apply to a specific engine?
It is necessary when specified by the manufacturer based on time in service intervals
When would it be necessary to perform a hot
section inspection on an engine? as well as anytime that a turbine section over-temperature event has occurred.
The Type Certificate Data sheet or inspection and limitation section of manufacturer's
Where does a mechanic or inspector find a
list of life limited parts? maintenance manual will have a list of the life limited items for the engine.
What are three types of flow indicating Vane-type flow meters, synchronous mass type flow meters, and electronic motorless
mass flow meters.
systems used for turbine engines?
The mass of the flow.This is affected by the density of the fuel which is in turn affected
What do mass flow systems measure? by the fuel temperature.
Pounds per hour of fuel flow.
In what units is an electronic motorless mass
flow meter system calibrated?
What is indicated in a turbine engine if the If there are other instrument abnormalities, there are possibly damaged turbine
components.
fuel flow for all conditions is high?
The components can only be repaired by an FAA approved repair station certificated
Who is authorized to repair a fuel flow
indicating system? for the particular instruments.
In the aircraft maintenance manual.
Where can you find the electrical power
requirements for a fuel flow indicating
system?
, Between the fuel control and the fuel nozzles.
Where in the fuel system is the fuel flow
transmitter located?
A sealed system in which a bulb, partially filled with a highly volatile liquid, is installed
inside the oil strainer. The bulb is connected to a pressure gauge by a copper tube.
What kind of indicating system is used to The pressure of the gas above the liquid is proportional to the temperature of the oil
measure oil temperature in a small, single- that surrounds the bulb, and the pressure gauge is calibrated in terms of temperature.
engine, general aviation airplane?
Thermocouple system.
What type of instrument system is used for
measuring cylinder-head temperature and
exhaust gas temperature?
A ratiometer-type system.
What kind of electrical instrument is used for
measuring oil temperature?
The same as the outside air temperature gauge.
What should a thermocouple cylinder-head
temperature indicator read when the engine
is cold?
The resistance is critical, it must have the resistance specified on the indicator. This is
What is critical in the installation of the usually 2 or 8 ohms.
thermocouple leads for a cylinder-head
temperature indicator, the length of the leads
or their resistance?
The pointer should be off scale on the low side.
What should a ratiometer temperature
indicator read when the electrical power is
off?
A magnetic drag tachometer that is similar to an automobile speedometer.
What kind of tachometer is used on most
small single-engine airplanes?
What would likely cause the pointer of a Either a dry cable connecting the indicator to the engine, or a kink in the cable housing.
magnetic drag tachometer to oscillate?
Yes, this does not constitute a repair to an instrument.
Is it permissible for a mechanic with an
airframe and powerplant rating to replace
the tachometer cable for a magnetic drag
tachometer?
A three-phase AC electric tachometer.
What kind of tachometer is used on most
large multi-engine airplanes?
The frequency of the AC the tachometer generator produces.
What is measured to indicate the engine
RPM with a three-phase AC electric
tachometer?
A Bourdon tube.
What kind of indicator mechanism is used to
measure oil pressure?
What kind of indicator mechanism is used to A differential bellows.
measure manifold pressure?
The existing barometric pressure as indicated on the altimeter barometric scale when
What should a manifold pressure gauge
the altimeter pointers are set to the surveyed field elevation.
read when the engine is not operating?
A fitting with a restrictor that smoothes out the pulsations and prevents a break in the
What type of fitting is used to connect an oil
indicator line, causing a serious loss of engine oil.
pressure gauge to the engine?
A light oil such as kerosene.
What is used to fill the line between a fuel
pressure gauge and the fuel metering
system?
