Hondros Bio 117 Final Exam
foramen ovale - answers✔✔allows blood to flow directly from the right atrium into the left atrium to
bypass pulmonary circulation
ductus venosus - answers✔✔carries blood from the umbilical vein to inferior vena cava; allows some
blood to bypass the liver
atrial depolarization - answers✔✔atrial contraction; systole; p wave
vital capacity - answers✔✔max volume of air that can be exhaled following maximal inhalation
ductus arteriosus - answers✔✔allows blood in pulmonary artery to flow directly into the descending
aorta to bypass the pulmonary circulation
ventricular repolarization - answers✔✔ventricular relaxtion; diastole; t wave
renin - answers✔✔most important stimulus for the release of aldosterone
total lung capacity - answers✔✔volume of air in lungs following maximal inhalation
circle of willis - answers✔✔provides oxygenated blood to brain
structures that carry oxygenated blood (left heart) - answers✔✔aorta; left pulmonary veins; left atrium;
left ventricle; bicuspid
structures that carry unoxygenated blood (right heart) - answers✔✔pulmonary arteries; vena cava; right
atrium; right ventricle; tricuspid
,umbilical arteries - answers✔✔transport unoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta
umbilical vein - answers✔✔transports oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
residual volume - answers✔✔volume of air that remains in lung after forceful exhalation
ventricular depolarization - answers✔✔ventricular contraction; systole; qrs complex
aortic semilunar valve - answers✔✔located between left ventricle and left aorta
pulmonic semilunar - answers✔✔located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
pulmonary and aortic - answers✔✔two semilunar valves
right ventricle - answers✔✔pushes blood out of the heart into the pulmonary trunk-lungs
exhalation - answers✔✔decreases thoracic and lung volume and increases pressure in the lungs
glottis/rima glottidis - answers✔✔space between the vocal cords
sa node - answers✔✔vagus nerve effects
SA node - answers✔✔pacemaker of the heart
pulmonary circulation - answers✔✔right heart pumps blood to the
factors that decrease heart rate - answers✔✔acetylcholine; rest; decrease temp; hyperkalemia;
hypocalcemia; parasympathetic nervous system
,factors that increase heart rate - answers✔✔norepinephrine; epinephrine; stress; increase in temp;
anticholinergic drugs; hypokalemia; hypercalcemia
Bicuspid - answers✔✔Left AV valve
bicarbonte HCO3 - answers✔✔what substance is secreted in urine to decrease bloods ph
hydrogen ions - answers✔✔what substance is secreted in urine to increase bloods ph
liver - answers✔✔plasma protein albumin is produced by
stroke volume - answers✔✔volume of blood pumped from one ventricular of the heart with each beat
cardiac output - answers✔✔volume of blood being pumped by heart, in particular by a left or right
ventricle in the time of one minute
decreases heart rate - answers✔✔vagus nerve
Tricuspid - answers✔✔Right AV valve
foramen ovale - answers✔✔septum between right and left atria
hydrogen ions - answers✔✔eliminated when we have acidosis
pharynx - answers✔✔only structure of respiratory tract that is part of digestive system
hemoglobin - answers✔✔protein inside red blood cells that carry oxygento cells and carbon dioxide to
the lungs
, collapses lung - answers✔✔loss of negative intrapleural pressure
tidal volume - answers✔✔measured during normal quiet breathing
systemic circulation - answers✔✔coronary arteries and veins are part of
right av - answers✔✔located between right atrium and right ventricle
ventricles - answers✔✔Lower chambers of the heart and pump blood out of the heart
exhalation - answers✔✔muscles of respiration relax and allow the ribs and diaphragm to return to their
original positions
systemic circulation - answers✔✔left heart pumps blood to the
left venteicle - answers✔✔pushes blood out of the heart into the aorta-body
foramen ovale - answers✔✔small hole in septum
hepatic portal vein - answers✔✔collects nutrient rich, deoxygenated blood to the liver
hypernatremia - answers✔✔excess sodium in the blood and is result of excess water loss
aldosterone - answers✔✔stimulates the reabsorption of sodium and water; stimulates the excretion of
potassium; acts primarily on the distal tubule
peristalsis - answers✔✔forward movement of food is caused by
foramen ovale - answers✔✔allows blood to flow directly from the right atrium into the left atrium to
bypass pulmonary circulation
ductus venosus - answers✔✔carries blood from the umbilical vein to inferior vena cava; allows some
blood to bypass the liver
atrial depolarization - answers✔✔atrial contraction; systole; p wave
vital capacity - answers✔✔max volume of air that can be exhaled following maximal inhalation
ductus arteriosus - answers✔✔allows blood in pulmonary artery to flow directly into the descending
aorta to bypass the pulmonary circulation
ventricular repolarization - answers✔✔ventricular relaxtion; diastole; t wave
renin - answers✔✔most important stimulus for the release of aldosterone
total lung capacity - answers✔✔volume of air in lungs following maximal inhalation
circle of willis - answers✔✔provides oxygenated blood to brain
structures that carry oxygenated blood (left heart) - answers✔✔aorta; left pulmonary veins; left atrium;
left ventricle; bicuspid
structures that carry unoxygenated blood (right heart) - answers✔✔pulmonary arteries; vena cava; right
atrium; right ventricle; tricuspid
,umbilical arteries - answers✔✔transport unoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta
umbilical vein - answers✔✔transports oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
residual volume - answers✔✔volume of air that remains in lung after forceful exhalation
ventricular depolarization - answers✔✔ventricular contraction; systole; qrs complex
aortic semilunar valve - answers✔✔located between left ventricle and left aorta
pulmonic semilunar - answers✔✔located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
pulmonary and aortic - answers✔✔two semilunar valves
right ventricle - answers✔✔pushes blood out of the heart into the pulmonary trunk-lungs
exhalation - answers✔✔decreases thoracic and lung volume and increases pressure in the lungs
glottis/rima glottidis - answers✔✔space between the vocal cords
sa node - answers✔✔vagus nerve effects
SA node - answers✔✔pacemaker of the heart
pulmonary circulation - answers✔✔right heart pumps blood to the
factors that decrease heart rate - answers✔✔acetylcholine; rest; decrease temp; hyperkalemia;
hypocalcemia; parasympathetic nervous system
,factors that increase heart rate - answers✔✔norepinephrine; epinephrine; stress; increase in temp;
anticholinergic drugs; hypokalemia; hypercalcemia
Bicuspid - answers✔✔Left AV valve
bicarbonte HCO3 - answers✔✔what substance is secreted in urine to decrease bloods ph
hydrogen ions - answers✔✔what substance is secreted in urine to increase bloods ph
liver - answers✔✔plasma protein albumin is produced by
stroke volume - answers✔✔volume of blood pumped from one ventricular of the heart with each beat
cardiac output - answers✔✔volume of blood being pumped by heart, in particular by a left or right
ventricle in the time of one minute
decreases heart rate - answers✔✔vagus nerve
Tricuspid - answers✔✔Right AV valve
foramen ovale - answers✔✔septum between right and left atria
hydrogen ions - answers✔✔eliminated when we have acidosis
pharynx - answers✔✔only structure of respiratory tract that is part of digestive system
hemoglobin - answers✔✔protein inside red blood cells that carry oxygento cells and carbon dioxide to
the lungs
, collapses lung - answers✔✔loss of negative intrapleural pressure
tidal volume - answers✔✔measured during normal quiet breathing
systemic circulation - answers✔✔coronary arteries and veins are part of
right av - answers✔✔located between right atrium and right ventricle
ventricles - answers✔✔Lower chambers of the heart and pump blood out of the heart
exhalation - answers✔✔muscles of respiration relax and allow the ribs and diaphragm to return to their
original positions
systemic circulation - answers✔✔left heart pumps blood to the
left venteicle - answers✔✔pushes blood out of the heart into the aorta-body
foramen ovale - answers✔✔small hole in septum
hepatic portal vein - answers✔✔collects nutrient rich, deoxygenated blood to the liver
hypernatremia - answers✔✔excess sodium in the blood and is result of excess water loss
aldosterone - answers✔✔stimulates the reabsorption of sodium and water; stimulates the excretion of
potassium; acts primarily on the distal tubule
peristalsis - answers✔✔forward movement of food is caused by
