NR 661-Cardiovascular Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

NR 661-Cardiovascular Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified What is the most common symptom of myocardial infarction? A. Sharp chest pain B. Right-sided abdominal pain C. Crushing substernal chest pain radiating to the left arm D. Dizziness Which heart valve is most commonly affected in rheumatic heart disease? A. Aortic valve B. Pulmonary valve C. Mitral valve D. Tricuspid valve What does an elevated troponin level indicate? A. Liver damage B. Myocardial injury 2 C. Kidney failure D. Stroke Which of the following is a typical finding in left-sided heart failure? A. Peripheral edema B. Jugular venous distension C. Pulmonary congestion and dyspnea D. Hepatomegaly What is the first-line medication class used to manage hypertension? A. Beta blockers B. Calcium channel blockers C. Thiazide diuretics D. ACE inhibitors Which of the following ECG changes is most indicative of acute myocardial infarction? A. Prolonged PR interval B. ST segment elevation 3 C. Flattened T waves D. QRS widening What is the primary action of beta-blockers in cardiovascular disease? A. Increase heart rate B. Dilate peripheral vessels C. Decrease heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand D. Increase contractility Which symptom is most common in patients with atrial fibrillation? A. Chest pain B. Palpitations C. Syncope D. Headache Which physical exam finding suggests right-sided heart failure? A. Crackles in lungs B. Jugular venous distension 4 C. Tachypnea D. Cyanosis What is the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors? A. Beta receptor blockade B. Calcium channel blockade C. Inhibit conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II D. Diuretic effect Which lipid abnormality is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease? A. High HDL cholesterol B. Low LDL cholesterol C. High LDL cholesterol D. High triglycerides Which medication is used to acutely relieve chest pain in angina? A. Beta-blockers B. Aspirin 5 C. Nitroglycerin D. Statins What is the most common cause of congestive heart failure? A. Valvular disease B. Ischemic heart disease C. Pulmonary embolism D. Myocarditis Which cardiac biomarker rises earliest after myocardial infarction? A. Creatine kinase (CK-MB) B. Troponin I or T C. Myoglobin D. Lactate dehydrogenase What heart sound is associated with ventricular failure? A. S1 B. S2 6 C. S3 gallop