Exam 2: NSG 526
Group Therapy primary purpose *** The primary purpose of group therapy is to facilitate changes by
the patient to address identified problems.
A technique for dealing with an over talkative client and silence from other participants in a group
during therapy *** make an observation about the group's silence and invite the others to comment
the technique of "Information Giver". *** During group members sharing methods they personally use
for dealing with problems
CBT *** consists of active questioning, homework assignments, and dream survey. The therapist helps
the patient consider personal ideas and beliefs in order to increase the patient's realization about how
thoughts influence behaviors.
Attachment *** Attempts to explain the dynamics of interpersonal relationships between humans. A
child needs to form a relationship between at least one primary caregiver.
Mileu *** Milieu therapy requires consideration of the client's social, economic, and cultural status.
Complementary Alternative Medicine vs Western major difference *** Western medicine focuses on
what is done to the patient whereas CAM focuses on mind-body interactions.
Beck *** Beck developed the cognitive model of depression and the concept that cognitive processing
distortions underlie psychological disorders
ACTIVE, TIME-LIMITED APPROACH
depression can be understood via schemas: *** Beck;
,cognitive errors, and the cognitive triad (i.e., negative views of self, tendency toward interpreting
experiences in a negative manner, and holding negative views of the future).
Beck assumption *** Distorted thinking contributes to and maintains bheavior (symptoms)
Ellis *** RET (Rational Emotive Therapy) a form of cbt
ret *** unrealistic and irrational beliefs cause many emotional problems. The purpose of RET is to
identify an irrational belief and dispute it through active, philosophical, confrontational therapy.
RET assumption *** People make themselves sick anytime they escalate a desire or preference into a
demand or absolute must. (People become who they become based on their beliefs).
Skinner *** operant conditioning
Operant conditioning *** voluntary behaviors are learned through consequences, and behavioral
responses are elicited through reinforcement, which causes a behavior to occur more frequently.
Positive reinforcement- getting a gift, or negative reinforcement- removal of objectionable' or aversive
stimulus
Skinner *** Absence of reinforcement, or extinction, also decreases behavior by withholding a reward
that has become habitual. Teachers employ this strategy in the classroom when they ignore acting-out
behavior that had previously been rewarded by more attention.
Skinner's behavior model provides a concrete method for modifying or replacing behaviors. Behavior
management and modification programs based on his principles have shown to be successful in altering
targeted behaviors. Programmed learning and token economies represent extensions of Skinner's
thoughts on learning. Behavioral methods are particularly effective with children, adolescents, and
individuals with many forms of chronic mental illness.
, Universality *** Yaslom: The recognition of shared experiences and feelings among group members and
that these may be widespread or universal human concerns, serves to remove a group member's sense
of isolation, validate their experiences, and raise self-esteem.
Altruism *** Yaslom: The group is a place where members can help each other, and the experience of
being able to give something to another person can lift the member's self esteem and help develop
more adaptive coping styles and interpersonal skills.
Instillation of hope *** Yaslom: In a mixed group that has members at various stages of development or
recovery, a member can be inspired and encouraged by another member who has overcome the
problems with which they are still struggling.
Imparting information *** Yaslom: While this is not strictly speaking a psychotherapeutic process,
members often report that it has been very helpful to learn factual information from other members in
the group, for example, about their treatment or about access to services.
Corrective recapitulation of primary family experience *** Yaslom: Members often unconsciously
identify the group therapist and other group members with their own parents and siblings in a process
that is a form of transference specific to group psychotherapy. The therapist's interpretations can help
group members gain understanding of the impact of childhood experiences on their personality, and
they may learn to avoid unconsciously repeating unhelpful past interactive patterns in present-day
relationships.
Development of socializing techniques *** Yaslom: The group setting provides a safe and supportive
environment for members to take risks by extending their repertoire of interpersonal behavior and
improving their social skills.
Imitative behavior *** Yaslom: One way in which group members can develop social skills is through a
modeling process, observing and imitating the therapist and other group members. For example, sharing
personal feelings, showing concern, and supporting others.
Cohesiveness *** Yaslom: Is the primary therapeutic factor from which all others flow. Humans are herd
animals with an instinctive need to belong to groups, and personal development can only take place in
Group Therapy primary purpose *** The primary purpose of group therapy is to facilitate changes by
the patient to address identified problems.
A technique for dealing with an over talkative client and silence from other participants in a group
during therapy *** make an observation about the group's silence and invite the others to comment
the technique of "Information Giver". *** During group members sharing methods they personally use
for dealing with problems
CBT *** consists of active questioning, homework assignments, and dream survey. The therapist helps
the patient consider personal ideas and beliefs in order to increase the patient's realization about how
thoughts influence behaviors.
Attachment *** Attempts to explain the dynamics of interpersonal relationships between humans. A
child needs to form a relationship between at least one primary caregiver.
Mileu *** Milieu therapy requires consideration of the client's social, economic, and cultural status.
Complementary Alternative Medicine vs Western major difference *** Western medicine focuses on
what is done to the patient whereas CAM focuses on mind-body interactions.
Beck *** Beck developed the cognitive model of depression and the concept that cognitive processing
distortions underlie psychological disorders
ACTIVE, TIME-LIMITED APPROACH
depression can be understood via schemas: *** Beck;
,cognitive errors, and the cognitive triad (i.e., negative views of self, tendency toward interpreting
experiences in a negative manner, and holding negative views of the future).
Beck assumption *** Distorted thinking contributes to and maintains bheavior (symptoms)
Ellis *** RET (Rational Emotive Therapy) a form of cbt
ret *** unrealistic and irrational beliefs cause many emotional problems. The purpose of RET is to
identify an irrational belief and dispute it through active, philosophical, confrontational therapy.
RET assumption *** People make themselves sick anytime they escalate a desire or preference into a
demand or absolute must. (People become who they become based on their beliefs).
Skinner *** operant conditioning
Operant conditioning *** voluntary behaviors are learned through consequences, and behavioral
responses are elicited through reinforcement, which causes a behavior to occur more frequently.
Positive reinforcement- getting a gift, or negative reinforcement- removal of objectionable' or aversive
stimulus
Skinner *** Absence of reinforcement, or extinction, also decreases behavior by withholding a reward
that has become habitual. Teachers employ this strategy in the classroom when they ignore acting-out
behavior that had previously been rewarded by more attention.
Skinner's behavior model provides a concrete method for modifying or replacing behaviors. Behavior
management and modification programs based on his principles have shown to be successful in altering
targeted behaviors. Programmed learning and token economies represent extensions of Skinner's
thoughts on learning. Behavioral methods are particularly effective with children, adolescents, and
individuals with many forms of chronic mental illness.
, Universality *** Yaslom: The recognition of shared experiences and feelings among group members and
that these may be widespread or universal human concerns, serves to remove a group member's sense
of isolation, validate their experiences, and raise self-esteem.
Altruism *** Yaslom: The group is a place where members can help each other, and the experience of
being able to give something to another person can lift the member's self esteem and help develop
more adaptive coping styles and interpersonal skills.
Instillation of hope *** Yaslom: In a mixed group that has members at various stages of development or
recovery, a member can be inspired and encouraged by another member who has overcome the
problems with which they are still struggling.
Imparting information *** Yaslom: While this is not strictly speaking a psychotherapeutic process,
members often report that it has been very helpful to learn factual information from other members in
the group, for example, about their treatment or about access to services.
Corrective recapitulation of primary family experience *** Yaslom: Members often unconsciously
identify the group therapist and other group members with their own parents and siblings in a process
that is a form of transference specific to group psychotherapy. The therapist's interpretations can help
group members gain understanding of the impact of childhood experiences on their personality, and
they may learn to avoid unconsciously repeating unhelpful past interactive patterns in present-day
relationships.
Development of socializing techniques *** Yaslom: The group setting provides a safe and supportive
environment for members to take risks by extending their repertoire of interpersonal behavior and
improving their social skills.
Imitative behavior *** Yaslom: One way in which group members can develop social skills is through a
modeling process, observing and imitating the therapist and other group members. For example, sharing
personal feelings, showing concern, and supporting others.
Cohesiveness *** Yaslom: Is the primary therapeutic factor from which all others flow. Humans are herd
animals with an instinctive need to belong to groups, and personal development can only take place in
