Exam Questions and Answers (2025/2026)
(Verified Answers)
1. Whichofthe followingfactors canhave a negative effect onuterine blood flow?
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a. Hypertension
b. Epidural
c. Hemorrhage
d. Diabetes
e. All of the above ANS:e.All of the above
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2. Howdoesthefetuscompensatefordecreasedmaternalcirculatingvol-
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ume?
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a. Increases cardiac output by increasing stroke volume.l l l l l l
b. Increases cardiac output by increasing it's heart rate. l l l l l l l
c. Increasescardiacoutputbyincreasingfetalmovement. ANS:b.Increases
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cardiac output by increasing it's heart rate.
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3. Stimulating the vagus nerve typically produces: l l l l l
a. A decrease in the heart rate
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b. An increase in the heart rate
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c. An increase in stroke volume
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d. No change ANS:a.A decrease in the heart rate
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4. What initially causes a chemoreceptor response?
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,a. Epidurals
b. Supine maternal position l l
c. Increased CO2 levels l l
d. Decreased O2 levels l l
e. A & Cl l
f. A & B
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g. C & D ANS:g.C & D
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5. The vagus nerve begins maturation 26 to 28 weeks.Its dominance results in
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what effect to the FHR baseline?
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a. Increases baseline l
b. Decreases baseline ANS:b.Decreases baseline l l l l l
6. T/F:Oxygenexchangeintheplacentatakesplaceintheintervillousspace.-
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ANS:True l
7. T/F:Theparasympathetic nervous system is a cardioaccelerator. ANS:False
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8. T/F:Baroreceptors arestretch receptors whichrespondtoincreases or
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decreases in blood pressure. ANS: True
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9. T/F:Therearetwoelectronicfetalmonitoringmethodsofobtainingthefetal
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heart rate: the ultrasound transducer and the fetal spiral electrode. ANS: True
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10. T/F:Variability can be determined with the fetoscope. ANS:False
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,11. T/F:Because the ultrasound transducer and toco transducer are sealed
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units, they can be dipped in warm water to make cleaning easier. ANS: False
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12. T/F:The most common artifact with the ultrasound transducer system for fetal
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heart rate is increased variability. ANS: True
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13. T/F:All fetal monitors contain a logic system designedto reject artifact.:-
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ANSTrue l
14. T/F:The monitor shouldalways be testedbefore startinga tracing,either
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external or internal mode and labeled a test. ANS: True
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15. T/F:Thepaperspeedonthefetalmonitorshouldalwaysbesetat1cm/min.-
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ANS:False l
16. T/F:Both internaland external monitoring methods are equally accurate
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means of obtaining the fetal heart rate and contraction patterns. ANS: False
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17. T/F:Theexternaltocois usually placedoverthe uterine fundus topick up
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contractions. ANS: True
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18. T/F:The external toco gives measurable uterine pressure. ANS:False
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19. T/F:Thefetalspiralelectrode canbe placedwhenvaginalbleedingof
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unknown origin is present. ANS: False
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20. T/F:The ultrasound transducer is usually placed on the side of the uterus over
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the baby's back,as the fetal heart is heard best there. ANS:True
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21. T/F:Thespiralelectrodeisusedtomoreaccuratelydeterminethefrequen- cy,
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duration, and intensity of uterine contractions. ANS: False
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22. T/F:The heart rate from a well-appliedfetal spiral electrode can only be fetal,
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not maternal. ANS: False
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23. T/F:The intrauterine catheter is used to pick up the fetal heart rate. ANS:False
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24. T/F:The internal spiral electrode may pick up the maternal heart rate if the
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baby has died. ANS: True
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25. T/F: Fetal arrhythmias can be seen on both internal and external monitor
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, ld tracings. ANS: True ld ld
26. T/F:Variability and periodic changes can be detected with both internal
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and external monitoring. ANS: True
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27. T/F:Variable decelerations are a result of cord compression. ANS: True
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28. T/F:The presence of FHR accelerations in the intrapartum and antepartum
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periods is a sign of adequate fetal oxygenation. ANS: True
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29. T/F:Variable decelerations are a vagal response.ANS: True
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30. T/F: Late decelerations have a gradual decrease in FHR (onset to nadir 30
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seconds) and are delayed in timing with the nadir of the deceleration occurring
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after the peak of the contraction. ANS: True
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31. T/F: The fetal heart rate baseline can be determined during periods of
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marked variability. ANS: False
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