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SPC exam 3 Questions and Answers (Expert
Solutions)
Q: EVT assumptions ANS 🗹🗹: -Expectancies drive human interaction
-Expectancies are learned from individuals and culture
-Expectancies are influenced by prior knowledge, relational history, and observations
-People make predictions about nonverbal behavior
-Nonverbal communication influences message production
Q: Proxemics ANS 🗹🗹: Study of a person's use of space in conversations and
perceptions of another's use of space.
Q: EVT tradition, context, and approach ANS 🗹🗹: tradition: Socio-psychological
approach: objective/positivist/empirical
context: Intrapersonal and Interpersonal
Q: Proxemic Zones ANS 🗹🗹: -Hall (1966) identified primary zones of personal space
expectations among North Americans.
-intimate, personal, social, public
-for F2F, vary when we are communicating side-by-side.
Q: Intimate distance ANS 🗹🗹: 0 to 18 inches
Q: Personal distance ANS 🗹🗹: 18 inches to 4 feet
Q: Social distance ANS 🗹🗹: 4 to 12 feet
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Q: Public distance ANS 🗹🗹: 12 feet and beyond
Q: two competing needs for space (Burgoon, 1978) ANS 🗹🗹: • Affiliation: Relational;
Integration, Close
• Personal space: Individual Body Space; Autonomy
Q: Territoriality ANS 🗹🗹: Person's ownership of an area or object
Q: types of territories (Altman, 1975) ANS 🗹🗹: • Primary territories (home)
• Secondary territories
• Public territories (no personal affiliations)
Q: Expectancies ANS 🗹🗹: -Cognitions and behaviors anticipated and prescribed in
conversations with another person
-can be verbal and nonverbal
Q: Types of expectations ANS 🗹🗹: • Pre-interactional
• Interactional
Q: _____ influences expectations ANS 🗹🗹: cultural background
Q: Arousal ANS 🗹🗹: -Increased interest or attention when violations to expectations
occur
-Focuses attention on the source of arousal rather than on the message
Q: Types of arousal ANS 🗹🗹: •Cognitive: We become alert (aware) and focus on the
violation
•Physical: physical response—(e.g. moving to adjust space/distance; change body
posture—offensive display)
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Q: Threat Threshold ANS 🗹🗹: • Tolerance for distance violations
• Threats may occur after arousal
•Size of the threshold is based on how the initiator of the threat is viewed
Q: Violation Valence ANS 🗹🗹: •Perceived negative or positive assessment of an
unexpected behavior
• Focus is on the deviation of an expectation
•Communicators interpret the meaning of a violation and decide whether they like it or
not
Q: Communicator Reward Valence ANS 🗹🗹: •Potential to either reward or punish in
conversations
•People bring both positive and negative characteristics to an interaction
•Reward includes a number of characteristics that allow a person to be viewed
favorably or unfavorably
Q: which theory offers a way to link behavior and
cognitions and offers us an understanding of our need for both personal space and
people? ANS 🗹🗹: EVT
Q: ___'s work continues to be critical and groundbreaking in the
communication discipline for EVT ANS 🗹🗹: Burgoon
Q: EVT: Scope ANS 🗹🗹: •Nonverbal communication is an expansive area.
•Originally focused on personal space but expanded to include other nonverbal
behaviors
Q: EVT: testability ANS 🗹🗹: •Lack of clarity regarding reliance on self-perception of
arousal
-no reliable way to measure besides self report
•Generally, EVT is a testable theory
SPC exam 3 Questions and Answers (Expert
Solutions)
Q: EVT assumptions ANS 🗹🗹: -Expectancies drive human interaction
-Expectancies are learned from individuals and culture
-Expectancies are influenced by prior knowledge, relational history, and observations
-People make predictions about nonverbal behavior
-Nonverbal communication influences message production
Q: Proxemics ANS 🗹🗹: Study of a person's use of space in conversations and
perceptions of another's use of space.
Q: EVT tradition, context, and approach ANS 🗹🗹: tradition: Socio-psychological
approach: objective/positivist/empirical
context: Intrapersonal and Interpersonal
Q: Proxemic Zones ANS 🗹🗹: -Hall (1966) identified primary zones of personal space
expectations among North Americans.
-intimate, personal, social, public
-for F2F, vary when we are communicating side-by-side.
Q: Intimate distance ANS 🗹🗹: 0 to 18 inches
Q: Personal distance ANS 🗹🗹: 18 inches to 4 feet
Q: Social distance ANS 🗹🗹: 4 to 12 feet
, Page | 2
Q: Public distance ANS 🗹🗹: 12 feet and beyond
Q: two competing needs for space (Burgoon, 1978) ANS 🗹🗹: • Affiliation: Relational;
Integration, Close
• Personal space: Individual Body Space; Autonomy
Q: Territoriality ANS 🗹🗹: Person's ownership of an area or object
Q: types of territories (Altman, 1975) ANS 🗹🗹: • Primary territories (home)
• Secondary territories
• Public territories (no personal affiliations)
Q: Expectancies ANS 🗹🗹: -Cognitions and behaviors anticipated and prescribed in
conversations with another person
-can be verbal and nonverbal
Q: Types of expectations ANS 🗹🗹: • Pre-interactional
• Interactional
Q: _____ influences expectations ANS 🗹🗹: cultural background
Q: Arousal ANS 🗹🗹: -Increased interest or attention when violations to expectations
occur
-Focuses attention on the source of arousal rather than on the message
Q: Types of arousal ANS 🗹🗹: •Cognitive: We become alert (aware) and focus on the
violation
•Physical: physical response—(e.g. moving to adjust space/distance; change body
posture—offensive display)
, Page | 3
Q: Threat Threshold ANS 🗹🗹: • Tolerance for distance violations
• Threats may occur after arousal
•Size of the threshold is based on how the initiator of the threat is viewed
Q: Violation Valence ANS 🗹🗹: •Perceived negative or positive assessment of an
unexpected behavior
• Focus is on the deviation of an expectation
•Communicators interpret the meaning of a violation and decide whether they like it or
not
Q: Communicator Reward Valence ANS 🗹🗹: •Potential to either reward or punish in
conversations
•People bring both positive and negative characteristics to an interaction
•Reward includes a number of characteristics that allow a person to be viewed
favorably or unfavorably
Q: which theory offers a way to link behavior and
cognitions and offers us an understanding of our need for both personal space and
people? ANS 🗹🗹: EVT
Q: ___'s work continues to be critical and groundbreaking in the
communication discipline for EVT ANS 🗹🗹: Burgoon
Q: EVT: Scope ANS 🗹🗹: •Nonverbal communication is an expansive area.
•Originally focused on personal space but expanded to include other nonverbal
behaviors
Q: EVT: testability ANS 🗹🗹: •Lack of clarity regarding reliance on self-perception of
arousal
-no reliable way to measure besides self report
•Generally, EVT is a testable theory
