Mastering the Microscopic: Your Ultimate Guide
to Jersey College's Microbiology Midterm
Questions
A Comprehensive Exam Study Guide for
Guaranteed Success.
Current Updated 2025/2026
(ch.1) One type of microscope that provides a three-dimensional image of a specimen is a -
ansScanning Electron Microscope
(ch.1) One type of microscope capable of observing living microorganisms is the: - ansPhase-
Contrast Microscope
(ch.1) Which scientist is most responsible for ending the controversy about spontaneous
generation? - ansLouis Pasteur
(ch.1) Fossils of prokaryotes go back: - ans3.5 to 4.0 Billion years
(ch.1) A(n) ____________ is not a microorganism. - ansInsect
(ch.1) The order of the taxonomic category is: - ansDomain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order,
Family, Genus, Species
(ch.1) Complex communities of microorganisms on surfaces are called: - ansBiofilms
(ch.1) A relationship between organisms in which the waste product of one provides nutrients
for another is called: - ansCommensalism
(ch.1) The following industries uses microorganisms: - ansChemical, Wine, Cheese and other
food productions, Alcohol, Pharmaceutical Agents, Agriculture, Water Supply Treatment
(ch.1) All bacteria are: - ansProkaryotic cells
(ch.1) Cells that contain a nucleus are: - ansEukaryotic Cells
(ch.1) The taxonomic resource for bacteria is the: - ansBergen's Manual
(ch.1) The proteins implicated in spongiform encephalopathy are: - ansPrions
(ch.1) The cleanup of different industrial waste is referred to as: - ansBioremediation
(ch.1) The microscope that is most commonly used to observe sectioned and stained tissues,
organs, and microorganisms. - ansBright-Field Microscope
(ch.1) The microscope used for the study of living plant and animal cells, microorganisms,
and thin tissue slices, and are ideal for cytoplasmic streaming studies. - ansPhase-Contrast
Microscope
(ch.1) The microscope used for unfixed, unstained specimens, such as living organisms. -
ansDark-fields Microscope
(ch.1) The microscope used in conjunction with fluorescent stains and dyes. - ansFluorescent
Microscope
(ch.1) The microscope that uses a beam of electrons rather than light as the source of energy
to visualize specimens. - ansElectron Microscope
(ch.1) Kock's postulates state: - ansThe microbe must be present in every animal with the
disease.
The microbe can be isolated and grown in pure culture.
The cultured microorganism must cause the same disease in an inoculated (previously
healthy) animal.
The same microorganism must then be isolated from the diseased animal.
(ch.1) Unlike __________________ cells, the ________________ cells do not have a cell
wall or a nucleus. - anseukaryotic; prokaryotic
(ch.1) How can foodborne diseases generally be prevented? - ansWashing hands with hot
soapy water.
Keeping raw meat, poultry, seafood, and their juices away from prepared foods.
Cooking foods thoroughly at high enough temperatures.
Refrigerate foods within 2 hours after cooking to slow bacterial growth and multiplication.
,Mastering the Microscopic: Your Ultimate Guide
to Jersey College's Microbiology Midterm
Questions
A Comprehensive Exam Study Guide for
Guaranteed Success.
Current Updated 2025/2026
Sufficiently cleaning all surfaces upon which food is being prepared.
(ch.1) Role of microorganisms in food production. - ansNon-pathogenic occur naturally, are
beneficial, and are used as started cultures.
(ch.2) The atomic number equals the number of: - ansProtons
(ch.2) A chemical bond in which electrons are equally shared is a: - ansNon polar Covalent
Bond
(ch.2) The bond between water molecules is a: - ansHydrogen Bond
(ch.2) The outermost shell of an atom can hold up to ___ electrons. - ans8
(ch.2) The bond between sodium and chlorine atoms in sodium chloride is a: - ansIonic Bond
(ch.2) Sucrose is composed of: - ansGlucose and fructose
(ch.2) The unit molecules (monomers) of carbohydrates and glucose and fructose are
examples of: - ansMonosaccharides
(ch.2) The bond between amino acids is a: - ansPeptide Bond
(ch.2) The RNA nucleotide bade that pairs with adenine of DNA is: - ansUracil
(ch.2) What type of charge do neutrons have? - ansNone
(ch.2) An atom with same number of protons but a different number of neutrons is called a: -
ansIsotope
(ch.2) A positively charged ion is a: - ansCation
(ch.2) The breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones in the presence of water is called:
- ansHydrolysis
(ch.2) Molecules that can absorb hydrogen ions are: - ansBuffers
(ch.2) A reaction in which substances/molecules are formed and energy is utilized/consumed.
- ansAnabolic
(ch.2) A reaction in which substances are broken down and rele3ase energy to form ATP. -
ansCatabolic
(ch.2) The unit molecules of proteins are: - ansAmino Acids
(ch.2) Protein functions include: - ansMembrane proteins; integral and peripheral
Can be carrier molecules
Enzymes
Structural support
(ch.2) These fats do not have a double bond in the fatty acid chain - ansSaturated
(ch.2) These fats have one or more double bonds in the fatty acid chain. - ansUnsaturated
(ch.2) In complimentary base pairing in DNA replication, adenine is paired with -
ansThymine
(ch.2) In complimentary base pairing in DNA replication, cytosine is paired with -
ansGuanine
(ch.2) Complementary base pairing involving RNA, adenine is paired with____________ in
place of ______________ - ansUracil, Thymine
(ch.3)_________________ is not found in all bacterial cells. - ansPlasma membrane
(ch.3) Bacterial capsules are important in: - ansSurvival
(ch.3) The cell organelles responsible for the packaging of proteins are the: - ansGolgi
Complexes
(ch.3) The cell organelle found only in algae and plant cells and is necessary for
photosynthesis is the: - ansChloroplasts
, Mastering the Microscopic: Your Ultimate Guide
to Jersey College's Microbiology Midterm
Questions
A Comprehensive Exam Study Guide for
Guaranteed Success.
Current Updated 2025/2026
(ch.3) The intracellular fluid has a high concentration of: - ansPotassium
(ch.3) ________________________ is an active transport mechanism. - ansPinocytosis
(ch.3) _____________________ is an enzyme. - ansLigase
(ch.3) The compound that enters the Krebs cycle and combines with oxaloacetic acid is: -
ansAcetyl-CoA
(ch.3) The anticodons are located in: - anstRNA
(ch.3) In which phase of mitosis do the chromatids separate? - ansAnaphase
(ch.3) Cells without a nucleus are: - ansProkaryotic
(ch.3) The sterol-like molecules in bacterial plasma membranes are: - ansHopanoids
(ch.3) A cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes is a - ansLysosome
(ch.3) The allosteric site is present in: - ansEnzymes
(ch.3) Prokaryotic cells have _________ ribosomes. - ans70s
(ch.3) Eukaryotic cells have _________ ribosomes. - ans80s
(ch.3) Thick peptidoglycan layer external to the plasma membrane and contains
polysaccharides such as teichoic and lipoteichoic acid. The periplasmic space is minimal. -
ansGram-positive Bacterial Cell
(ch.3) Thin peptidoglyucan layer with an outer membrane covering anchored to the
lipoproteins of the peptidoglycan layer. The outer layer also has lipopolysaccharides and the
periplasmic space is relatively large (up to 40% of total cell volume). - ansGram-negative
Bacterial cell
(ch.3) It can be regulated or influenced by temperature, pH, substrate concentration, enzyme
concentration, product concentration, cofactors, and coenzymes. - ansEnzyme Activity
(ch.3) What are the three pathways required for aerobic cellular respiration? - ansGlycolysis,
Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain
(ch.3) The breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid. - ansGlycolysis
(ch.3) A series of reactions starting with the combination of acetyl-CoA with oxalaoacetic
acid to form citric acid and then back to oxaloacetic acid producing molecules of ATP,
release of Co2, reduction of three molecules of NAD, and reduction of one molecule of FAD.
- ansKrebs Cycle
(ch.3) What is PMAT? - ansProphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
(ch.21) The branch of pharmacology that addresses drug amounts of various sites in the body
after drug administration is called: - ansPharmacokinetics
(ch.21) The generic name of a drug refers to its: - ansNonproprietary Name
(ch.21) For a drug to have an almost immediate systemic effect it is usually applied: - ansBy
inhalation or rectally
(ch.21) The decrease in blood clotting by heparin occurs at what general site of action? -
ansExtracellular
(ch.21) Which of the following is a phase I reaction in biotransformation? - ansOxidation
(ch.21) ___________________ cannot be used to achieve urine formation and drug
clearance. - ansTubular Filtration
(ch.21) ______________________, __________________________, and
_____________________________, can be used to achieve urine formation and drug
clearance. - ansGlomerular Filtration, Tubular Secretion, Tubular absorption
to Jersey College's Microbiology Midterm
Questions
A Comprehensive Exam Study Guide for
Guaranteed Success.
Current Updated 2025/2026
(ch.1) One type of microscope that provides a three-dimensional image of a specimen is a -
ansScanning Electron Microscope
(ch.1) One type of microscope capable of observing living microorganisms is the: - ansPhase-
Contrast Microscope
(ch.1) Which scientist is most responsible for ending the controversy about spontaneous
generation? - ansLouis Pasteur
(ch.1) Fossils of prokaryotes go back: - ans3.5 to 4.0 Billion years
(ch.1) A(n) ____________ is not a microorganism. - ansInsect
(ch.1) The order of the taxonomic category is: - ansDomain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order,
Family, Genus, Species
(ch.1) Complex communities of microorganisms on surfaces are called: - ansBiofilms
(ch.1) A relationship between organisms in which the waste product of one provides nutrients
for another is called: - ansCommensalism
(ch.1) The following industries uses microorganisms: - ansChemical, Wine, Cheese and other
food productions, Alcohol, Pharmaceutical Agents, Agriculture, Water Supply Treatment
(ch.1) All bacteria are: - ansProkaryotic cells
(ch.1) Cells that contain a nucleus are: - ansEukaryotic Cells
(ch.1) The taxonomic resource for bacteria is the: - ansBergen's Manual
(ch.1) The proteins implicated in spongiform encephalopathy are: - ansPrions
(ch.1) The cleanup of different industrial waste is referred to as: - ansBioremediation
(ch.1) The microscope that is most commonly used to observe sectioned and stained tissues,
organs, and microorganisms. - ansBright-Field Microscope
(ch.1) The microscope used for the study of living plant and animal cells, microorganisms,
and thin tissue slices, and are ideal for cytoplasmic streaming studies. - ansPhase-Contrast
Microscope
(ch.1) The microscope used for unfixed, unstained specimens, such as living organisms. -
ansDark-fields Microscope
(ch.1) The microscope used in conjunction with fluorescent stains and dyes. - ansFluorescent
Microscope
(ch.1) The microscope that uses a beam of electrons rather than light as the source of energy
to visualize specimens. - ansElectron Microscope
(ch.1) Kock's postulates state: - ansThe microbe must be present in every animal with the
disease.
The microbe can be isolated and grown in pure culture.
The cultured microorganism must cause the same disease in an inoculated (previously
healthy) animal.
The same microorganism must then be isolated from the diseased animal.
(ch.1) Unlike __________________ cells, the ________________ cells do not have a cell
wall or a nucleus. - anseukaryotic; prokaryotic
(ch.1) How can foodborne diseases generally be prevented? - ansWashing hands with hot
soapy water.
Keeping raw meat, poultry, seafood, and their juices away from prepared foods.
Cooking foods thoroughly at high enough temperatures.
Refrigerate foods within 2 hours after cooking to slow bacterial growth and multiplication.
,Mastering the Microscopic: Your Ultimate Guide
to Jersey College's Microbiology Midterm
Questions
A Comprehensive Exam Study Guide for
Guaranteed Success.
Current Updated 2025/2026
Sufficiently cleaning all surfaces upon which food is being prepared.
(ch.1) Role of microorganisms in food production. - ansNon-pathogenic occur naturally, are
beneficial, and are used as started cultures.
(ch.2) The atomic number equals the number of: - ansProtons
(ch.2) A chemical bond in which electrons are equally shared is a: - ansNon polar Covalent
Bond
(ch.2) The bond between water molecules is a: - ansHydrogen Bond
(ch.2) The outermost shell of an atom can hold up to ___ electrons. - ans8
(ch.2) The bond between sodium and chlorine atoms in sodium chloride is a: - ansIonic Bond
(ch.2) Sucrose is composed of: - ansGlucose and fructose
(ch.2) The unit molecules (monomers) of carbohydrates and glucose and fructose are
examples of: - ansMonosaccharides
(ch.2) The bond between amino acids is a: - ansPeptide Bond
(ch.2) The RNA nucleotide bade that pairs with adenine of DNA is: - ansUracil
(ch.2) What type of charge do neutrons have? - ansNone
(ch.2) An atom with same number of protons but a different number of neutrons is called a: -
ansIsotope
(ch.2) A positively charged ion is a: - ansCation
(ch.2) The breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones in the presence of water is called:
- ansHydrolysis
(ch.2) Molecules that can absorb hydrogen ions are: - ansBuffers
(ch.2) A reaction in which substances/molecules are formed and energy is utilized/consumed.
- ansAnabolic
(ch.2) A reaction in which substances are broken down and rele3ase energy to form ATP. -
ansCatabolic
(ch.2) The unit molecules of proteins are: - ansAmino Acids
(ch.2) Protein functions include: - ansMembrane proteins; integral and peripheral
Can be carrier molecules
Enzymes
Structural support
(ch.2) These fats do not have a double bond in the fatty acid chain - ansSaturated
(ch.2) These fats have one or more double bonds in the fatty acid chain. - ansUnsaturated
(ch.2) In complimentary base pairing in DNA replication, adenine is paired with -
ansThymine
(ch.2) In complimentary base pairing in DNA replication, cytosine is paired with -
ansGuanine
(ch.2) Complementary base pairing involving RNA, adenine is paired with____________ in
place of ______________ - ansUracil, Thymine
(ch.3)_________________ is not found in all bacterial cells. - ansPlasma membrane
(ch.3) Bacterial capsules are important in: - ansSurvival
(ch.3) The cell organelles responsible for the packaging of proteins are the: - ansGolgi
Complexes
(ch.3) The cell organelle found only in algae and plant cells and is necessary for
photosynthesis is the: - ansChloroplasts
, Mastering the Microscopic: Your Ultimate Guide
to Jersey College's Microbiology Midterm
Questions
A Comprehensive Exam Study Guide for
Guaranteed Success.
Current Updated 2025/2026
(ch.3) The intracellular fluid has a high concentration of: - ansPotassium
(ch.3) ________________________ is an active transport mechanism. - ansPinocytosis
(ch.3) _____________________ is an enzyme. - ansLigase
(ch.3) The compound that enters the Krebs cycle and combines with oxaloacetic acid is: -
ansAcetyl-CoA
(ch.3) The anticodons are located in: - anstRNA
(ch.3) In which phase of mitosis do the chromatids separate? - ansAnaphase
(ch.3) Cells without a nucleus are: - ansProkaryotic
(ch.3) The sterol-like molecules in bacterial plasma membranes are: - ansHopanoids
(ch.3) A cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes is a - ansLysosome
(ch.3) The allosteric site is present in: - ansEnzymes
(ch.3) Prokaryotic cells have _________ ribosomes. - ans70s
(ch.3) Eukaryotic cells have _________ ribosomes. - ans80s
(ch.3) Thick peptidoglycan layer external to the plasma membrane and contains
polysaccharides such as teichoic and lipoteichoic acid. The periplasmic space is minimal. -
ansGram-positive Bacterial Cell
(ch.3) Thin peptidoglyucan layer with an outer membrane covering anchored to the
lipoproteins of the peptidoglycan layer. The outer layer also has lipopolysaccharides and the
periplasmic space is relatively large (up to 40% of total cell volume). - ansGram-negative
Bacterial cell
(ch.3) It can be regulated or influenced by temperature, pH, substrate concentration, enzyme
concentration, product concentration, cofactors, and coenzymes. - ansEnzyme Activity
(ch.3) What are the three pathways required for aerobic cellular respiration? - ansGlycolysis,
Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain
(ch.3) The breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid. - ansGlycolysis
(ch.3) A series of reactions starting with the combination of acetyl-CoA with oxalaoacetic
acid to form citric acid and then back to oxaloacetic acid producing molecules of ATP,
release of Co2, reduction of three molecules of NAD, and reduction of one molecule of FAD.
- ansKrebs Cycle
(ch.3) What is PMAT? - ansProphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
(ch.21) The branch of pharmacology that addresses drug amounts of various sites in the body
after drug administration is called: - ansPharmacokinetics
(ch.21) The generic name of a drug refers to its: - ansNonproprietary Name
(ch.21) For a drug to have an almost immediate systemic effect it is usually applied: - ansBy
inhalation or rectally
(ch.21) The decrease in blood clotting by heparin occurs at what general site of action? -
ansExtracellular
(ch.21) Which of the following is a phase I reaction in biotransformation? - ansOxidation
(ch.21) ___________________ cannot be used to achieve urine formation and drug
clearance. - ansTubular Filtration
(ch.21) ______________________, __________________________, and
_____________________________, can be used to achieve urine formation and drug
clearance. - ansGlomerular Filtration, Tubular Secretion, Tubular absorption
