UCI Bio 93 Midterm 2
What is a metabolic pathway? - answer A pathway that a molecule goes through,
resulting in a specific product.
What is metabolism? - answer The totality of an organisms chemical reactions
Gibbs free energy - answer Portion of a system that can perform work when temp and
pressure are uniform throughout the system.
What is a way to show change in free energy? - answer
What does a negative Delta G mean? - answer a process that is spontaneous
What does spontaneous mean? - answer Means that a process will occur.
What happens to the energy in a exergonic reaction? - answer It is released
What happens to the energy in an endergonic reaction? - answerIt is consumed in the
reaction.
True or False
A cell must have endergonic and exergonic reactions - answerTrue
Is ATP Hydrolysis an exergonic or endergonic reaction? - answerExergonic
Mechanical and Transport work are what kind of reactions? - answerEndergonic
Why does ATP hydrolysis release so much energy? - answerAll 3 phosphate groups ate
neg. charged, so there is mutual repulsion within all of them
What do enzymes do? - answerLower energy barriers to drive chemical reactions
What does the suffix -ase usually mean? - answerAn enzyme
How does an exergonic energy profile look like? - answer
Enzymes are biological ___________ - answerCatalysts
What is the site of cellular respiration in all eukaryotic cells? - answerMitochondria
, In Biology, what is another word for the addition of electrons to a substance? -
answerReduction
In Biology, what is another word for the loss of electrons to a substance? -
answerOxidation
What is cellular respiration? - answerCatabolic reactions used to generate ATP
Where does glycolysis happen? - answerIn the cytosol
What is glycolysis? - answerThe breaking down of glucose into 2 molecules of a
compound of pyruvate.
What happens in the citric acid cycle? - answerThe breakdown of glucose to carbon
dioxide is completed.
What is stage 1 of cellular respiration? - answerGlycolysis
What is stage 2 of cellular respiration? - answerPyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle
What is stage 3 of cellular respiration? - answerOxidative Phosphorylation
What is the purpose of NADH? - answerTransfers electrons from food to electron
transport chain.
Pyruvate is converted to what compound? - answerAcetyl CoA
Where does the citric acid cycle occur? - answerIn the mitochondrial matrix
What happens in substrate-level phosphorylation? - answerA substrate gives a
phosphate to ADP, making a product and ATP
Where does oxidative phosphorylation happen? - answerThe inner mitochondrial
membrane
About how many ATP/Glucose is made during cellular respiration? - answer30-32
What is ATP Synthase? - answerAn enzyme that makes ATP from ADP and inorganic
phosphates.
What is chemiosmosis? - answerenergy stored as a hydrogen ion gradient across a
membrane is used to drive cellular work.
Establishing the H+ gradient is a major function of what? - answerThe electron transport
chain
What is a metabolic pathway? - answer A pathway that a molecule goes through,
resulting in a specific product.
What is metabolism? - answer The totality of an organisms chemical reactions
Gibbs free energy - answer Portion of a system that can perform work when temp and
pressure are uniform throughout the system.
What is a way to show change in free energy? - answer
What does a negative Delta G mean? - answer a process that is spontaneous
What does spontaneous mean? - answer Means that a process will occur.
What happens to the energy in a exergonic reaction? - answer It is released
What happens to the energy in an endergonic reaction? - answerIt is consumed in the
reaction.
True or False
A cell must have endergonic and exergonic reactions - answerTrue
Is ATP Hydrolysis an exergonic or endergonic reaction? - answerExergonic
Mechanical and Transport work are what kind of reactions? - answerEndergonic
Why does ATP hydrolysis release so much energy? - answerAll 3 phosphate groups ate
neg. charged, so there is mutual repulsion within all of them
What do enzymes do? - answerLower energy barriers to drive chemical reactions
What does the suffix -ase usually mean? - answerAn enzyme
How does an exergonic energy profile look like? - answer
Enzymes are biological ___________ - answerCatalysts
What is the site of cellular respiration in all eukaryotic cells? - answerMitochondria
, In Biology, what is another word for the addition of electrons to a substance? -
answerReduction
In Biology, what is another word for the loss of electrons to a substance? -
answerOxidation
What is cellular respiration? - answerCatabolic reactions used to generate ATP
Where does glycolysis happen? - answerIn the cytosol
What is glycolysis? - answerThe breaking down of glucose into 2 molecules of a
compound of pyruvate.
What happens in the citric acid cycle? - answerThe breakdown of glucose to carbon
dioxide is completed.
What is stage 1 of cellular respiration? - answerGlycolysis
What is stage 2 of cellular respiration? - answerPyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle
What is stage 3 of cellular respiration? - answerOxidative Phosphorylation
What is the purpose of NADH? - answerTransfers electrons from food to electron
transport chain.
Pyruvate is converted to what compound? - answerAcetyl CoA
Where does the citric acid cycle occur? - answerIn the mitochondrial matrix
What happens in substrate-level phosphorylation? - answerA substrate gives a
phosphate to ADP, making a product and ATP
Where does oxidative phosphorylation happen? - answerThe inner mitochondrial
membrane
About how many ATP/Glucose is made during cellular respiration? - answer30-32
What is ATP Synthase? - answerAn enzyme that makes ATP from ADP and inorganic
phosphates.
What is chemiosmosis? - answerenergy stored as a hydrogen ion gradient across a
membrane is used to drive cellular work.
Establishing the H+ gradient is a major function of what? - answerThe electron transport
chain
