Personal Trainer Exam Questions with
Verified Solutions
_______________ involves the number of pros and cons perceived about adopting
and/or maintaining an activity program. - ANSWER-Decisional balance
_______________ is the practice of voluntary breath control, consisting of conscious
inhalation, retention, and exhalation. - ANSWER-Pranayama
_______________ provides an objective ratio describing the relationship between body
weight and height. - ANSWER-BMI
_______________ represents the pressure that is exerted on the artery walls as blood
remains in the arteries during the filling phase of the cardiac cycle. - ANSWER-diastolic
blood pressure
A client comes to you with recommendations from her doctor regarding exercise with
greater trochanteric bursitis. One of the focuses or her training should be strengthening
which of the following muscle groups? - ANSWER-gluteals
A client complains of pain in the wrist during sleep and numbness and loss of grip
strength during exercise. What injury is the MOST likely cause of these symptoms? -
ANSWER-Carpal tunnel syndrome
A client leaves a gym bag on the front seat of his car each morning as a reminder to
work out on his way home from work. What behavior-change strategy is he using? -
ANSWER-stimulus control
A client performs regular moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity at 85% of his maximum
heart rate. What is his fitness classification? - ANSWER-Average/good; An individual in
this category will perform "habitual physical activity: regular moderate-to-vigorous
intensity" at 80-91% of maximum heart rate and 65-80% of %HRR/VO2max or VO2R.
A client reports feeling terrible pain in the heel during his first few steps each morning,
which then dissipates as he walks around the house. What is the MOST likely cause of
this pain? - ANSWER-Plantar fasciitis
A client's blood-pressure reading is 124/78 mmHg. How should the personal trainer
classify this client? - ANSWER-Prehypertension- Individuals are classified as
prehypertensive when systolic blood pressure is 120-139 mmHg or diastolic blood
pressure is 80-89 mmHg.
,A client's physician provides the following guideline regarding the intensity of exercise
for a new client: "An RPE of 11 to 16 (6 to 20 scale) is the preferred exercise intensity."
With which condition is this client MOST likely coping? - ANSWER-Type 2 diabetes
A client's physician provides the following guideline regarding the mode of exercise for a
new client: "Swimming is the recommended mode of exercise; upper-body resistance-
training exercises are not appropriate." With which of the following conditions is this
client MOST likely coping? - ANSWER-asthma
A client's resistance-training regimen involves performing four sets of each exercise,
with each set containing four repetitions. This training volume BEST addresses which
training goal? - ANSWER-muscular strength
A company experiences a yearly loss and one of the partners uses that loss to offset
profits from another business. This is an example of _______________. - ANSWER-
flow-through taxation
A male client performs the stork-stand balance test and is able to hold the position for
46 seconds. How would you rate this client's performance? - ANSWER-A male client
who is able to hold the stork-stand position for 41 to 50 seconds is categorized as
"good."
A male client who weighs 190 pounds has a one-repetition maximum of 225 pounds on
the bench press exercise. His relative strength for this exercise is __________. -
ANSWER-1.18
A plyometric exercise program BEST addresses which aspect of muscular fitness? -
ANSWER-muscular power
A prospective client tells you that he has been going for 2-mile walks a couple of times
each week for the past two months, and that he joined the gym because he is finally
ready to adopt a more structured workout regimen. What is this individual's stage of
change? - ANSWER-Preparation
A skilled performance athlete who has established good flexibility would like to address
functional flexibility during his pre-exercise stretching routine. What two types of
stretching would be the BEST choices for this client? - ANSWER-Dynamic and Ballistic.
--key word: functional flexibility
A trainer receives a bonus for meeting performance objectives on a quarterly basis. Is
this personal trainer more likely a direct employee or an independent contractor? -
ANSWER-direct employee
According the principle of reversibility, a client who stops performing resistance exercise
will lose strength at about _______________ that it was gained - ANSWER-one half
, After how long a period of inactivity following an injury does disuse atrophy in the
muscles surrounding the injury begin? - ANSWER-Two days
After proximal stability is established in the lumbar spine, the focus of the stability and
mobility training phase shifts to establishing _______________. - ANSWER-Mobility of
the pelvis and thoracic spine
After several months of working with a client, a personal trainer notes that the client's
self-efficacy and ability levels have improved. How should this affect the amount of
external feedback the trainer provides to the client? - ANSWER-The trainer should taper
the amount of external feedback. Start encouraging the client to give themselves
feedback.
An older adult client who is interested in trying mind-body exercise has decided that tai
chi might be the best fit for her needs and abilities. Which form of tai chi would you
recommend? - ANSWER-sun style
Apley's scratch test is usually performed in conjunction with which of the following pairs
of tests? - ANSWER-Shoulder flexion-extension test and internal-external rotation test
of the humerus Apley's scratch test involves multiple and simultaneous movements of
the scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joints in all three planes. This represents a
challenge in evaluating shoulder movement and identifying movement limitations. To
identify the source of the limitation, trainers can first perform various isolated
movements in single planes to locate potentially problematic movements.
Consequently, the scratch test is completed in conjunction with the shoulder flexion-
extension test and the internal-external rotation test of the humerus.
Approximately what percentage of his time should be spent training at or above VT2? -
ANSWER-10-20% - Zone 3
Approximately what percentage of his time should be spent training between VT1 and
VT2? - ANSWER-<10% - Zone two
Approximately what percentage of his time should be spent training in zone 1? -
ANSWER-70-80% - at or below VT1
Are assessments recommended during the aerobic-base training? - ANSWER-No,
since many of the clients who start in this phase will be unfit and may have difficulty
completing an assessment of this nature.
Barring structural differences in the skeletal system, a pronated ankle
_______________. - ANSWER-Forces internal rotation of the tibia and slightly less
internal rotation of the femur
Verified Solutions
_______________ involves the number of pros and cons perceived about adopting
and/or maintaining an activity program. - ANSWER-Decisional balance
_______________ is the practice of voluntary breath control, consisting of conscious
inhalation, retention, and exhalation. - ANSWER-Pranayama
_______________ provides an objective ratio describing the relationship between body
weight and height. - ANSWER-BMI
_______________ represents the pressure that is exerted on the artery walls as blood
remains in the arteries during the filling phase of the cardiac cycle. - ANSWER-diastolic
blood pressure
A client comes to you with recommendations from her doctor regarding exercise with
greater trochanteric bursitis. One of the focuses or her training should be strengthening
which of the following muscle groups? - ANSWER-gluteals
A client complains of pain in the wrist during sleep and numbness and loss of grip
strength during exercise. What injury is the MOST likely cause of these symptoms? -
ANSWER-Carpal tunnel syndrome
A client leaves a gym bag on the front seat of his car each morning as a reminder to
work out on his way home from work. What behavior-change strategy is he using? -
ANSWER-stimulus control
A client performs regular moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity at 85% of his maximum
heart rate. What is his fitness classification? - ANSWER-Average/good; An individual in
this category will perform "habitual physical activity: regular moderate-to-vigorous
intensity" at 80-91% of maximum heart rate and 65-80% of %HRR/VO2max or VO2R.
A client reports feeling terrible pain in the heel during his first few steps each morning,
which then dissipates as he walks around the house. What is the MOST likely cause of
this pain? - ANSWER-Plantar fasciitis
A client's blood-pressure reading is 124/78 mmHg. How should the personal trainer
classify this client? - ANSWER-Prehypertension- Individuals are classified as
prehypertensive when systolic blood pressure is 120-139 mmHg or diastolic blood
pressure is 80-89 mmHg.
,A client's physician provides the following guideline regarding the intensity of exercise
for a new client: "An RPE of 11 to 16 (6 to 20 scale) is the preferred exercise intensity."
With which condition is this client MOST likely coping? - ANSWER-Type 2 diabetes
A client's physician provides the following guideline regarding the mode of exercise for a
new client: "Swimming is the recommended mode of exercise; upper-body resistance-
training exercises are not appropriate." With which of the following conditions is this
client MOST likely coping? - ANSWER-asthma
A client's resistance-training regimen involves performing four sets of each exercise,
with each set containing four repetitions. This training volume BEST addresses which
training goal? - ANSWER-muscular strength
A company experiences a yearly loss and one of the partners uses that loss to offset
profits from another business. This is an example of _______________. - ANSWER-
flow-through taxation
A male client performs the stork-stand balance test and is able to hold the position for
46 seconds. How would you rate this client's performance? - ANSWER-A male client
who is able to hold the stork-stand position for 41 to 50 seconds is categorized as
"good."
A male client who weighs 190 pounds has a one-repetition maximum of 225 pounds on
the bench press exercise. His relative strength for this exercise is __________. -
ANSWER-1.18
A plyometric exercise program BEST addresses which aspect of muscular fitness? -
ANSWER-muscular power
A prospective client tells you that he has been going for 2-mile walks a couple of times
each week for the past two months, and that he joined the gym because he is finally
ready to adopt a more structured workout regimen. What is this individual's stage of
change? - ANSWER-Preparation
A skilled performance athlete who has established good flexibility would like to address
functional flexibility during his pre-exercise stretching routine. What two types of
stretching would be the BEST choices for this client? - ANSWER-Dynamic and Ballistic.
--key word: functional flexibility
A trainer receives a bonus for meeting performance objectives on a quarterly basis. Is
this personal trainer more likely a direct employee or an independent contractor? -
ANSWER-direct employee
According the principle of reversibility, a client who stops performing resistance exercise
will lose strength at about _______________ that it was gained - ANSWER-one half
, After how long a period of inactivity following an injury does disuse atrophy in the
muscles surrounding the injury begin? - ANSWER-Two days
After proximal stability is established in the lumbar spine, the focus of the stability and
mobility training phase shifts to establishing _______________. - ANSWER-Mobility of
the pelvis and thoracic spine
After several months of working with a client, a personal trainer notes that the client's
self-efficacy and ability levels have improved. How should this affect the amount of
external feedback the trainer provides to the client? - ANSWER-The trainer should taper
the amount of external feedback. Start encouraging the client to give themselves
feedback.
An older adult client who is interested in trying mind-body exercise has decided that tai
chi might be the best fit for her needs and abilities. Which form of tai chi would you
recommend? - ANSWER-sun style
Apley's scratch test is usually performed in conjunction with which of the following pairs
of tests? - ANSWER-Shoulder flexion-extension test and internal-external rotation test
of the humerus Apley's scratch test involves multiple and simultaneous movements of
the scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joints in all three planes. This represents a
challenge in evaluating shoulder movement and identifying movement limitations. To
identify the source of the limitation, trainers can first perform various isolated
movements in single planes to locate potentially problematic movements.
Consequently, the scratch test is completed in conjunction with the shoulder flexion-
extension test and the internal-external rotation test of the humerus.
Approximately what percentage of his time should be spent training at or above VT2? -
ANSWER-10-20% - Zone 3
Approximately what percentage of his time should be spent training between VT1 and
VT2? - ANSWER-<10% - Zone two
Approximately what percentage of his time should be spent training in zone 1? -
ANSWER-70-80% - at or below VT1
Are assessments recommended during the aerobic-base training? - ANSWER-No,
since many of the clients who start in this phase will be unfit and may have difficulty
completing an assessment of this nature.
Barring structural differences in the skeletal system, a pronated ankle
_______________. - ANSWER-Forces internal rotation of the tibia and slightly less
internal rotation of the femur
