NURS549 Final Exam Questions with Detailed Verified Answers

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NURS549 Final Exam Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers


Question: 2 Monoclonal immunosuppressive Antibody Drugs


Ans: Daclizumab(zenapax)- Reduces activated T-cell numbers and
activities by binding to interlukin


Muromonab(orthoclone)-Binds to CD3 receptors on T cells and disrupts
function. Depletes circulating T cells


Question:Monoclonal Antibody drug MOA


Ans: Clinical application is in TARGETING T-CELLS AS ANTIGENS, tagging
them for attack, disrupting T-Cell ( Cell Mediated Immunity ) function and
ultimately providing immunosuppression


Cloned from Bcells


used for transplant rejection


Question:2 antimetabolite drugs for immunosupressant

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Ans: Azothioprine ( Imuran)- Purine analog LYMPHOCYTES ( T-CELLS &
B-CELLS) ARE PREDOMINATELY AFFECTED BY THE CYTOTOXIC
EFFECTS OF AZATHIOPRINE.!!!!!!! , and this gives immunosupression


Mycophenolate ( Cellcept)- It inhibits the enzyme ( inosine
monophosphate dehydrogenase) that controls the rate of synthesis of the
nucleotide ..Guanine MonoPhosphate (GMP)


Question:Antimetabolite MOA


Ans: ( Purine Analogues) are drugs that mimic the structure of metabolic
purines, and do not allow synthesis of DNA.


T-Cells and B-Cells, are rapidly proliferating cells and are cells that are
particularly affected by the inhibition of purine synthesis.


T-Cell and B-Cell production is inhibited and Immunosuppression is
accomplished.!!!!!!


generally used in combination with corticosteroids and the Inhibitors of
Cytokine Production


Question:2 Selective Cytokine production inhibitors

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Ans: Cyclosporine ( Neoral, Sandimmune)-Cyclosporine complex that
binds to the calcineurin does not allow the normal dephosphorylating of
the NFATs to occur, and therefore, they CANNOT enter the nucleus and
promote the cytokine synthesis


Tacrolimus ( Prograf )-exerts its immunosuppressive effect in the same
manner as cyclosporine, except it binds to a different immunophilin in the
T-Cell


lowers the risk of organ rejection!!!!!


Question:Selective Cytokine production inhibitor MOA


Ans: They both enter the cell....form complexes within the cell that
ultimately inhibit the production of cytokines...specifically Interleukin-2


Question:Cold versus Flu onset symptoms


Ans: Flu-Sudden chills, severe cough, aches,fatigue, fever 3-4days,
headache


Cold- Gradual, sneezing sore throat common, rarely get a fever ,headache
or chills


Question:Viral Neuraminidase


Ans: an enzyme found on the surface of influenza viruses that enables the
virus to be released from the host cell after replication

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Question:Neraminidase inhibitors


Ans: Oseltamivir ( Tamiflu)


Zanamivir ( Relenza)


MOA- Both prevent new viral particles from being released by the infected
host cell by serving as a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme,


Question:nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors


Ans: It is an ANALOG or 'FAULTY VERSION' of DNA building blocks which
is wrongly used by reverse transcriptase to convert RNA to DNA.When the
reverse transcriptase uses these faulty building blocks, the new DNA
cannot be built correctly, and new viral cells are prevented from being
produced.


Inhibits both Hepatitis B Virus and (in a lower doses) HIV Virus Reverse
Transcriptase which is used by the viruses in their replication process. (
note exclusion of Hepatitis C Virus)


Question:NARTI drugs