Sociology AQA - Education 2025/2026
COMPLETE ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!!
Save
Terms in this set (109)
Children are not judged by a
clear measure of achievement
Particularistic standards
Children are judged by a clear
measure of achievement and are
Universalistic standards
compared to other children
1) Promotes social solidarity
2) Prepares young people
Durkheim
, 1) Secondary socialisation =
education teaches universalistic
standards and acts as a bridge
between family and wider
society
Parsons
2) Meritocracy = a meritocratic
society is built on 2 key values:
+Individual achievement
+Equal opportunity
Role allocation = for society to
function effectively, the most
Davis and Moore talented individuals need to be
allocated to the most important
jobs
+ Hargreaves argues that schools put more of an
emphasis on competition than social solidarity
+ Ascribed characteristics are more important in
Evaluation of the determining income later in life than achievement in
functionalist view school
+ Education is not meritocratic because schools
discriminate against some groups e.g. w/c, black
pupils
+ ISA = control people's beliefs and ideas indirectly
e.g. religion, the mass media and education
Althusser
+ RSA = physical force used by the state to repress the
w/c e.g. police, courts and the army
, The correspondence principle =
the education system mirrors
work structure
Bowles and Gintis
E.g. obedience to teacher =
obedience to boss, value of
extrinsic rewards, acceptance of
inequality through the ISA
+ found that the most obedient students got the
Bowles and Gintis - highest grades
evaluation of role + means that the education system rewards those who
allocation conform to the qualities required of the future
workplace
+ Argue that in reality, success is based on class
Bowles and Gintis - myth background
of meritocracy + By promising the untrue claim that rewards are
based on ability, it helps workers to accept inequality
1) Present time orientation
Sugarman - w/c 2) Immediate gratification
subculture 3) Collectivism
4) Fatalism
Deferred gratification - m/c taught to work for long
Sugarman - m/c
term rewards e.g more tend to go into higher
subculture
education
+ Elaborated code = sophisticated, complex language
used (typically used by the m/c)
Berstein - language codes
+ Restricted code = Basic, simple language (typically
used by the w/c)
w/c families unable to provide stimulating home
Demie and Lewis
environment nor effective enforcement rules
m/c parents were more likely to encourage their
Douglas - parental interest children to succeed and socialise them more
effectively to achieve in education
COMPLETE ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!!
Save
Terms in this set (109)
Children are not judged by a
clear measure of achievement
Particularistic standards
Children are judged by a clear
measure of achievement and are
Universalistic standards
compared to other children
1) Promotes social solidarity
2) Prepares young people
Durkheim
, 1) Secondary socialisation =
education teaches universalistic
standards and acts as a bridge
between family and wider
society
Parsons
2) Meritocracy = a meritocratic
society is built on 2 key values:
+Individual achievement
+Equal opportunity
Role allocation = for society to
function effectively, the most
Davis and Moore talented individuals need to be
allocated to the most important
jobs
+ Hargreaves argues that schools put more of an
emphasis on competition than social solidarity
+ Ascribed characteristics are more important in
Evaluation of the determining income later in life than achievement in
functionalist view school
+ Education is not meritocratic because schools
discriminate against some groups e.g. w/c, black
pupils
+ ISA = control people's beliefs and ideas indirectly
e.g. religion, the mass media and education
Althusser
+ RSA = physical force used by the state to repress the
w/c e.g. police, courts and the army
, The correspondence principle =
the education system mirrors
work structure
Bowles and Gintis
E.g. obedience to teacher =
obedience to boss, value of
extrinsic rewards, acceptance of
inequality through the ISA
+ found that the most obedient students got the
Bowles and Gintis - highest grades
evaluation of role + means that the education system rewards those who
allocation conform to the qualities required of the future
workplace
+ Argue that in reality, success is based on class
Bowles and Gintis - myth background
of meritocracy + By promising the untrue claim that rewards are
based on ability, it helps workers to accept inequality
1) Present time orientation
Sugarman - w/c 2) Immediate gratification
subculture 3) Collectivism
4) Fatalism
Deferred gratification - m/c taught to work for long
Sugarman - m/c
term rewards e.g more tend to go into higher
subculture
education
+ Elaborated code = sophisticated, complex language
used (typically used by the m/c)
Berstein - language codes
+ Restricted code = Basic, simple language (typically
used by the w/c)
w/c families unable to provide stimulating home
Demie and Lewis
environment nor effective enforcement rules
m/c parents were more likely to encourage their
Douglas - parental interest children to succeed and socialise them more
effectively to achieve in education
