,Table of Contents
Unit 1: Organization of the Body
Chapter 1: The Human Body – An Orientation
• 1.1 Form (anatomy) determines function (physiology)
• 1.2 The body’s organization ranges from atoms to the entire organism
• 1.3 What are the requirements for life?
• 1.4 Homeostasis is maintained by negative feedback
• 1.5 Anatomical terms describe body directions, regions, and planes
• 1.6 Many internal organs lie in membrane-lined body cavities
Chapter 2: Basic Chemistry
• 2.1 Matter is composed of elements
• 2.2 Each element is composed of atoms
• 2.3 Molecules and compounds are combinations of atoms
• 2.4 Chemical bonds join atoms together
• 2.5 Chemical reactions form, rearrange, or break bonds
• 2.6 Inorganic compounds include water, salts, and many acids and bases
• 2.7 Organic compounds contain carbon
• 2.8 ATP provides a form of chemical energy that all body cells can use
Chapter 3: Cells: The Living Units
• 3.1 The cell theory is a unifying biological concept
• 3.2 The plasma membrane defines the extent of a cell
• 3.3 The cytoplasm contains cytosol, organelles, and inclusions
• 3.4 The nucleus is the control center of the cell
Chapter 4: Tissue: The Living Fabric
• 4.1 Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces and lines cavities
, • 4.2 Connective tissues support and bind other tissues
• 4.3 Muscle tissue provides movement
• 4.4 Nervous tissue regulates and controls body functions
• 4.5 Epithelial, connective, and muscle tissues have different abilities to regenerate
Chapter 5: The Integumentary System
• 5.1 The skin consists of two regions: epidermis and dermis
• 5.2 The epidermis consists of five layers of cells
• 5.3 The dermis has two layers and contains nerves, blood vessels, and parts of hair
follicles and glands
• 5.4 Hair and hair follicles help maintain warmth, alert us to insects, and guard the
scalp
• 5.5 Nails are scale-like modifications of the epidermis
• 5.6 Sweat and sebaceous glands help regulate body temperature and secrete
protective substances
• 5.7 Skin is a barrier that performs many functions
Chapter 6: Bones and Skeletal Tissues
• 6.1 There are three types of cartilage tissue
• 6.2 Bones perform several important functions
• 6.3 Bone structure includes bone markings, compact and spongy bone, and
membranes
• 6.4 Compact bone is made of structural units called osteons
• 6.5 Bone development involves ossification
• 6.6 Bone remodeling is a lifelong process
• 6.7 Bones act as levers for muscles
Chapter 7: The Skeleton
• 7.1 The axial skeleton includes skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage
• 7.2 The appendicular skeleton includes the limbs and their girdles
, • 7.3 The skeletal system changes throughout life
Chapter 8: Joints
• 8.1 Joints are classified by structure and function
• 8.2 Synovial joints are freely movable and include many structures
• 8.3 There are six types of synovial joints based on movement
Chapter 9: Muscles and Muscle Tissue
• 9.1 There are three types of muscle tissue
• 9.2 Skeletal muscle fibers are long cylindrical cells
• 9.3 Muscle contraction depends on interaction of actin and myosin
• 9.4 A motor neuron stimulates a skeletal muscle fiber at a neuromuscular junction
• 9.5 A muscle twitch has three phases
• 9.6 Muscles use ATP for energy
• 9.7 Smooth muscle is involuntary and found in walls of hollow organs
Chapter 10: The Muscular System
• 10.1 Skeletal muscles produce movement by exerting force on tendons
• 10.2 Muscles are named according to several criteria
• 10.3 Muscles are organized into functional groups
Chapter 11: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue
• 11.1 The nervous system is divided into central and peripheral systems
• 11.2 Neurons are the structural units of the nervous system
• 11.3 Neuroglia support and maintain neurons
• 11.4 Membrane potentials are generated by ionic concentration differences
• 11.5 Synapses transmit information from one neuron to another
Chapter 12: The Central Nervous System
• 12.1 The brain has four major regions
• 12.2 The spinal cord connects the brain to the body
Unit 1: Organization of the Body
Chapter 1: The Human Body – An Orientation
• 1.1 Form (anatomy) determines function (physiology)
• 1.2 The body’s organization ranges from atoms to the entire organism
• 1.3 What are the requirements for life?
• 1.4 Homeostasis is maintained by negative feedback
• 1.5 Anatomical terms describe body directions, regions, and planes
• 1.6 Many internal organs lie in membrane-lined body cavities
Chapter 2: Basic Chemistry
• 2.1 Matter is composed of elements
• 2.2 Each element is composed of atoms
• 2.3 Molecules and compounds are combinations of atoms
• 2.4 Chemical bonds join atoms together
• 2.5 Chemical reactions form, rearrange, or break bonds
• 2.6 Inorganic compounds include water, salts, and many acids and bases
• 2.7 Organic compounds contain carbon
• 2.8 ATP provides a form of chemical energy that all body cells can use
Chapter 3: Cells: The Living Units
• 3.1 The cell theory is a unifying biological concept
• 3.2 The plasma membrane defines the extent of a cell
• 3.3 The cytoplasm contains cytosol, organelles, and inclusions
• 3.4 The nucleus is the control center of the cell
Chapter 4: Tissue: The Living Fabric
• 4.1 Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces and lines cavities
, • 4.2 Connective tissues support and bind other tissues
• 4.3 Muscle tissue provides movement
• 4.4 Nervous tissue regulates and controls body functions
• 4.5 Epithelial, connective, and muscle tissues have different abilities to regenerate
Chapter 5: The Integumentary System
• 5.1 The skin consists of two regions: epidermis and dermis
• 5.2 The epidermis consists of five layers of cells
• 5.3 The dermis has two layers and contains nerves, blood vessels, and parts of hair
follicles and glands
• 5.4 Hair and hair follicles help maintain warmth, alert us to insects, and guard the
scalp
• 5.5 Nails are scale-like modifications of the epidermis
• 5.6 Sweat and sebaceous glands help regulate body temperature and secrete
protective substances
• 5.7 Skin is a barrier that performs many functions
Chapter 6: Bones and Skeletal Tissues
• 6.1 There are three types of cartilage tissue
• 6.2 Bones perform several important functions
• 6.3 Bone structure includes bone markings, compact and spongy bone, and
membranes
• 6.4 Compact bone is made of structural units called osteons
• 6.5 Bone development involves ossification
• 6.6 Bone remodeling is a lifelong process
• 6.7 Bones act as levers for muscles
Chapter 7: The Skeleton
• 7.1 The axial skeleton includes skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage
• 7.2 The appendicular skeleton includes the limbs and their girdles
, • 7.3 The skeletal system changes throughout life
Chapter 8: Joints
• 8.1 Joints are classified by structure and function
• 8.2 Synovial joints are freely movable and include many structures
• 8.3 There are six types of synovial joints based on movement
Chapter 9: Muscles and Muscle Tissue
• 9.1 There are three types of muscle tissue
• 9.2 Skeletal muscle fibers are long cylindrical cells
• 9.3 Muscle contraction depends on interaction of actin and myosin
• 9.4 A motor neuron stimulates a skeletal muscle fiber at a neuromuscular junction
• 9.5 A muscle twitch has three phases
• 9.6 Muscles use ATP for energy
• 9.7 Smooth muscle is involuntary and found in walls of hollow organs
Chapter 10: The Muscular System
• 10.1 Skeletal muscles produce movement by exerting force on tendons
• 10.2 Muscles are named according to several criteria
• 10.3 Muscles are organized into functional groups
Chapter 11: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue
• 11.1 The nervous system is divided into central and peripheral systems
• 11.2 Neurons are the structural units of the nervous system
• 11.3 Neuroglia support and maintain neurons
• 11.4 Membrane potentials are generated by ionic concentration differences
• 11.5 Synapses transmit information from one neuron to another
Chapter 12: The Central Nervous System
• 12.1 The brain has four major regions
• 12.2 The spinal cord connects the brain to the body
