Academic- 3Ps Assessment- Pathophysiology, Pharmacology, and Physical Assessment Questions With Complete Solutions

A 51-year-old female has an endoscopy for cancer screening due to her high-risk family history. Tissue assessment reveals Barret’s esophagus. Barret’s esophagus involves which type of tissue change? Metaplasia A 37-year-old man presents with a complaint of a 3-day history of low back pain that travels down the buttocks to the lower leg. He mentions tingling and some muscle weakness on his left leg as well. Suspecting lumbar radiculopathy, physical assessment can include which of the following? Straight-leg raise Kemp's test A 19-year-old male with Down syndrome is in the office to be cleared to participate in the Special Olympics. The NP realizes that the patient is at higher risk of which of the following injuries? Subluxation of the cervical spine A 41-year-old male presents to the office with an edematous left calf. Physical examination reveals 2+ edema and tenderness to deep palpation. He denies any acute injury or prolonged immobility. Pulses are within normal limits, and nail beds look pink and healthy. He denies any significant medical history and takes no prescription medications. In addition to ordering a venous ultrasound, which diagnostic test should be ordered? A thrombophilia panel The nurse practitioner is performing a new patient physical examination on a 62-year-old male who has just transferred to the practice. The patient admits that he has been told he has high blood pressure for many years, but he never took medication. Fundoscopic examination is most likely to reveal which of the following retinal abnormalities? Arteriovenous nicking The NP is seeing a patient recently discharged from the hospital following new onset seizure disorder. A neurology consult is planned, but at present the patient is advised that the first available new patient appointment is in three months. The patient has long-standing symptoms of a mood disorder but has always resisted treatment. The NP considers prescribing valproic acid (Depakote) pending the neurology evaluation and reviews the medical history specifically for which of the following contraindications? Pancreatitis An 18-year-old college student presents with a 24-hour history of fever of 102.8°F (39.3°C), severe headache, stiff neck, and confusion. Suspecting bacterial meningitis, which of the following findings would be anticipated? Kernig sign The mechanism by which chronic venous insufficiency leads to lower extremity edema is: Increased hydrostatic pressure When counseling patients about potential adverse effects of calcium channel blockers, the NP recognizes that the action of calcium channel blockade leading to decreased blood pressure is likely to produce which physiologic effect? constipation All of the following antimicrobials would be expected to exhibit in vitro activity against beta lactamase producing Moraxella catarrhalis except: Amoxicillin A 51-year-old woman is being seen for menopausal symptoms. She is having vasomotor flushing daily and it is beginning to interfere with her job. She wakes up almost every night and never really feels well rested. There is no significant medical or surgical history except for HTN controlled on hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following is the safest, most effective option for symptom management? Combination hormone therapy A 29-year-old female presents for evaluation of lower extremity edema. She denies any significant medical. Physical examination is significant for 3+ lower extremity edema and a blood pressure of 88/58 mm Hg. A 24-hour urine reveals protein loss of almost 4.5 g/day. Which additional laboratory finding is most likely present in the patient? Elevated LDL The NP is evaluating a male patient during his 4th hypertension follow-up visit. Despite numerous attempts at medication titration, his blood pressure remains poorly controlled. Underlying disease has been ruled out as a causative factor. Which of the following may be contributing to his persistent hypertension? NSAIDs A 13-year-old female is being evaluated for the first t