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1. analogdata:data represented in a continuousand variable form
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2. American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII): a standard
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encodingsystemfortextcharactersthatusesnumericvaluestorepresentletters,
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numbers, and symbols
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3. bandwidth:themaximumrateofdatatransferacrossanetworkorcommunica- tion
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channel, usually measured in bits per second
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4. binary:anumericalsystemthatusesonlytwo digits,zeroandone,torepresent data in
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computing
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5. Booleanexpression:alogicalstatementthatcanonlybetrueorfalseanduses
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operators like AND, OR, and NOT
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6. character:a single letter,digit, or symbol used in writing text
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7. character set: a collection of characters that a computer can recognize and process,
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, likeASCIIorUnicodecompressionratio:theratiooftheoriginaldatasize to the
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compressed data size, indicating how much the data has been reduced
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8. controlstructure:constructsinprogrammingthatcontroltheflowofexecution, such
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as loops and conditional statements
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9. data:rawfactsandfiguresthatcanbeprocessedtoproducemeaningfulinforma- tion
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10. datacompression:theprocessofreducingthesizeofdatatosavespaceor
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transmission time
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11. datatypes:categoriesofdatathatdefinewhatkindofvaluecanbestored,like
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integers, floats, and strings, and how it can be used
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12. declaration:astatementinprogrammingthatspecifiesthenameandtypeofa i
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variable or function without assigning a value
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13. digital data:data represented using discrete binary values (zeroes and ones)
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14. floatingpoint:awaytorepresentrealnumbersthatcanhavefractionalparts using ki i
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a format that includes a base and an exponent
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15. Huffmanencoding:acompressiontechniquethatusesvariable-lengthcodes for ki i
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data representation based on frequency of occurrence
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16. information:datathathavebeenprocessedororganizedinameaningfulway to be i
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useful
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17. integer:a whole number i
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18. keywordencoding:amethodofdatacompressionthatreplacesfrequently ki i
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occurring patterns with shorter codes
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19. lossless:a typeofdatacompressionwherenoinformationislostandthe i
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original data can be perfectly reconstructed
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20. lossy:a typeofdatacompressionthatreducesfilesize bypermanentlyelimi- nating
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some information, which may affect quality
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, 21. numeric:anyvaluethatisa number
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