BSC 2011 Chapter 26 questions with accurate
answers
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 1 QUESTION 1*
We know the streamlined bodies shown in the figure above are examples
of homoplasy. If the following groups also had streamlined bodies,
which of the groupings would give the most support to this body type
being homologous?
a) lizards and elephants
b) lizards, pterosaurs, dinosaurs, birds, synapsids, monotremes,
marsupials, rodents, and primates
c) synapsids, monotremes, marsupials, rodents, and primates
d) pterosaurs, dinosaurs, and birds Ans✓✓✓ b) lizards, pterosaurs,
dinosaurs, birds, synapsids, monotremes, marsupials, rodents, and
primates
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 1 QUESTION 13*
Refer to the figure above. Which of the following forms a monophyletic
group?
a) E, F, and G
b) C and D
c) D, E, and F
d) A, B, C, D Ans✓✓✓ a) E, F, and G
,*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 1 QUESTION 19*
A possible phylogenetic tree for the three domains of life.
Which portion of the figure above may ultimately be better depicted as a
"ring"?
a) the archaean lineage
b) the trunk of the tree
c) the eukaryotic lineage
d) the bacterial lineage Ans✓✓✓ b) the trunk of the tree
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 1 QUESTION 3*
If the figure above is an accurate depiction of relatedness, then which of
the following should be correct?
1. The entire tree is based on maximum parsimony.
2. If all species depicted here make up a taxon, this taxon is
monophyletic.
3. The last common ancestor of species B and C occurred more recently
than the last common ancestor of species D and E.
4. Species A is the direct ancestor of both species B and species C.
5. The species present at position 3 is ancestral to C, D, and E.
,a) 3 and 4
b) 2, 3, and 4
c) 1, 2, and 3
d) 1 and 3 Ans✓✓✓ c) 1, 2, and 3
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 1 QUESTION 9*
Which extinct species should be the best candidate to serve as the
outgroup for the clade whose common ancestor occurs at position 2 in
the figure above?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E Ans✓✓✓ a) A
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 2 QUESTION 16*
Applying the principle of parsimony to the trait "ability to fly," which of
the two phylogenetic trees above is better?
a) Since the trees show different evolutionary relationships, you cannot
determine which is more parsimonious.
b) Tree 2
, c) Both trees are equally parsimonious.
d) Tree 1 Ans✓✓✓ d) Tree 1
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 2 QUESTION 2*
Based upon the figure above, the phylogenetic tree _____.
1. depicts uncertainty about whether the bryophytes or the vascular
plants evolved first
2. depicts an evolutionary hypothesis
3. includes polytomies
4. shows that members of the phylum Pterophyta are the closest living
relatives to the seed plants
5. indicates that seeds are a shared ancestral character of all vascular
plants
a) 1, 2, and 3
b) 1 and 2
c) 1, 2, and 4
d) 2 and 3 Ans✓✓✓ d) 2 and 3
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 5 QUESTION 1*
In the phylogenetic trees above, numbers represent species and the same
species are shown in both trees. Which two species are represented as
sister species in Tree 2 but are not shown as sister species in Tree 1?
answers
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 1 QUESTION 1*
We know the streamlined bodies shown in the figure above are examples
of homoplasy. If the following groups also had streamlined bodies,
which of the groupings would give the most support to this body type
being homologous?
a) lizards and elephants
b) lizards, pterosaurs, dinosaurs, birds, synapsids, monotremes,
marsupials, rodents, and primates
c) synapsids, monotremes, marsupials, rodents, and primates
d) pterosaurs, dinosaurs, and birds Ans✓✓✓ b) lizards, pterosaurs,
dinosaurs, birds, synapsids, monotremes, marsupials, rodents, and
primates
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 1 QUESTION 13*
Refer to the figure above. Which of the following forms a monophyletic
group?
a) E, F, and G
b) C and D
c) D, E, and F
d) A, B, C, D Ans✓✓✓ a) E, F, and G
,*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 1 QUESTION 19*
A possible phylogenetic tree for the three domains of life.
Which portion of the figure above may ultimately be better depicted as a
"ring"?
a) the archaean lineage
b) the trunk of the tree
c) the eukaryotic lineage
d) the bacterial lineage Ans✓✓✓ b) the trunk of the tree
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 1 QUESTION 3*
If the figure above is an accurate depiction of relatedness, then which of
the following should be correct?
1. The entire tree is based on maximum parsimony.
2. If all species depicted here make up a taxon, this taxon is
monophyletic.
3. The last common ancestor of species B and C occurred more recently
than the last common ancestor of species D and E.
4. Species A is the direct ancestor of both species B and species C.
5. The species present at position 3 is ancestral to C, D, and E.
,a) 3 and 4
b) 2, 3, and 4
c) 1, 2, and 3
d) 1 and 3 Ans✓✓✓ c) 1, 2, and 3
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 1 QUESTION 9*
Which extinct species should be the best candidate to serve as the
outgroup for the clade whose common ancestor occurs at position 2 in
the figure above?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) E Ans✓✓✓ a) A
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 2 QUESTION 16*
Applying the principle of parsimony to the trait "ability to fly," which of
the two phylogenetic trees above is better?
a) Since the trees show different evolutionary relationships, you cannot
determine which is more parsimonious.
b) Tree 2
, c) Both trees are equally parsimonious.
d) Tree 1 Ans✓✓✓ d) Tree 1
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 2 QUESTION 2*
Based upon the figure above, the phylogenetic tree _____.
1. depicts uncertainty about whether the bryophytes or the vascular
plants evolved first
2. depicts an evolutionary hypothesis
3. includes polytomies
4. shows that members of the phylum Pterophyta are the closest living
relatives to the seed plants
5. indicates that seeds are a shared ancestral character of all vascular
plants
a) 1, 2, and 3
b) 1 and 2
c) 1, 2, and 4
d) 2 and 3 Ans✓✓✓ d) 2 and 3
*PICTURE INCLUDED ATTEMPT 5 QUESTION 1*
In the phylogenetic trees above, numbers represent species and the same
species are shown in both trees. Which two species are represented as
sister species in Tree 2 but are not shown as sister species in Tree 1?
