FNP-Pediatrics Exam Questions With Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers Guaranteed Pass!!

FNP-Pediatrics Exam Questions With Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers Guaranteed Pass!! Mnemonic Device (HEARS) for High-Risk Factors for Hearing Loss: - Answer- H (hyperbilirubinemia) E (ear infections that are frequent) A (Apgar scores low at birth) R (rubella, cytomegalovirus [CMV], toxoplasmosis infections) S (seizures) TSH at birth - Answer- TSH testing is federally mandated. Lack of thyroid hormone results in mental and somatic growth retardation. Phenylketonuria (PKU) - Answer- PKU is an autosomal recessive disorder that is more common in Caucasians, which results in the absence of the enzyme needed to use the amino acid phenylalanine in the body. Without this enzyme, there is a buildup in the infant's body that will cause central nervous system damage and severe mental retardation PKU testing is federally mandated. Severe mental retardation results if not treated early. Disorder is an inability to metabolize phenylalanine to tyrosine because of a defect in the production of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. Perform test only after infant has protein feeding (breast milk or formula) for at least 48 hours. Higher risk of false negatives if done too early (48 hours). Treated by following special diet (phenylalanine-free diet). Hemoglobin and Hematocrit when tested peds - Answer- Screening for anemia is done in late infancy (9-12 months) for full-term, healthy infants. when testing peds Lead Screening - Answer- High-risk children should be screened at age 1 to 2 years (12 and 24 months Weight Gain and Length - Answer- Neonates lose up to 7% of body weight but should regain it by 2 weeks of age. They double their birth weight by 6 months and triple their birth weight by 12 months. Infant Weight - Answer- 0 to 6 months: 6 to 8 ounces per week and 1 inch per month 6 to 12 months: 3 to 4 ounces per week and 1/2 inch per month 6-9-month-old infants One-pound weight gain per month 9-12-month-old 13 oz weight gain per month 4-6-year-old 6 oz weight gain per month If the child's weight and/or length decelerates across two or more major percentiles, rule out FTT any child who is at the third to fifth percentile is considered to have FTT Dentition peds - Answer- 6 to 10 months of age: Lower central incisors (lower front teeth) 2 years of age: Has complete set of primary teeth (20 teeth) 6 years of age: Central incisors and the first molars when do they disapear Babinski response Moro reflex Palmer grasp - Answer- Babinski sign that does not dissipate by around 12 months old may indicate an upper motor neuron disease. Disappears around 2 months Palmer grasp Growth and Development Newborns - Answer- Strong primitive reflexes (e.g., Moro, rooting, fencing, etc.) Head lagGrasp finger tightly if placed on the baby's hand (grasp reflex) • Red reflex should be present bilaterally at birth • If red reflex absent, consider congenital cataracts, retinoblastoma • Vision is about 20/200 to 20/400 Eats every 2 to 3 hours or nurses from eight to 10 times a day Newborns do not produce tears when crying; tear ducts are not yet mature at birth Sleeps 16 hours per day Report: High-pitched cry, "cat-like" cry, hypotonic microcephaly 2 Months Old - Answer- Follows objects past midline Coos vowels (e.g., "aa") and makes gurgling sounds Lifts head up 45 degrees when prone Smiles in response to another Posterior fontanel: closes at 3 months 4 Months Old - Answer- Smiles spontaneously (social smile) Begins to babble 3-5 months begin to laugh 4 months color vision seen Fine Motor Brings hands to mouth Can swing at dangling toys Gross Motor Holds head steady and unsupported Rolls from front to back (supine to prone) 6 Months Old - Answer- Fine Motor Has palmar grasp of objects Reaches for toys using palmar grasp Brings things to mouth Starts to pass things from one hand to the other Gross Motor Begins to sit up independently without support Rolls over in both directions (back/supine to stomach and stomach to the back/supine) Language Starts to say consonants (e.g., "da-da, ba-ba")Is very curious and will look around environment 9 Months Old - Answer- Fine Motor Pincer grasp starts and can pick up things (e.g., food) between thumb and forefinger Waves "bye-bye" May clap hands and play clapping games such as pat-a-cake Gross Motor Pulls self up to stand Crawls and "cruises" Bears weight well Language Plays peek-a-boo" Stranger anxiety" very obvious Report absence of babble, inability to sit alone, strong primitive reflexes such as the Moro (startle reflex) or fencing (tonic neck reflex) 12 Months Old - Answer- Fine Motor Can use "sippy" cup Gross Motor Stands independently May walk independently Starts to cruise (moves from one piece of furniture to the next for support) Language Knows at least two to four words Can say exclamations, such as "uh-oh!" Knows first name Other Growth rate slows down Follows simple directions, such as "pick up toy" Report absence of weight bearing, inability to transfer objects hand to hand Anterior fontanel: closes at 12 months 15 Months Old - Answer- Fine Motor Feeds self with spoon Can drink from a cup Gross Motor Walks independently for longer distances Language Follows commands with gestures Knows four to six words