GCU NUR 631 final exam
why does cancer come back ANS: small areas of metastases can lie dormant only to explode in growth
later
Complete remission of leukemia is when less then 5% blasts in marrow and normal CBC values
malignant neoplasm of epithelial origin are known as ANS: carcinomas
Burkitt lymphoma is most closely associated with ANS: Epstein-Barr virus
major cause of death from leukemic disease ANS: infection
myeloma ANS: bence jones proteins in the urine
Renal insufficiency is common
elevated Ca levels, bone fractures common
CML chronic lymphoid leukemia ANS: -bcr-abl translocation
-Philadelphia chromosome
-Fatigue, weight loss, abdominal discomfort, sweats
ALL Acute lymphoid leukemia ANS: -best prognosis for long term disease free survival
-Primarily affects children
,-activity restriction with thrombocytopenia
-Common complication is infection
-anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, pain in long bones, fever, painless enlarged cervical lymph
nodes
non-Hodgkin lymphoma ANS: there may be gastrointestinal tract involvement
CLL Chronic lymphoid leukemia ANS:
AML Acute myeloid leukemia ANS:
Hemophilia A ANS: treatment includes Factory VIII replacement
Hemophilia B ANS: deficiency in factor IX
Final step in clot formation ANS: clot retraction
cause for bleeding with normal platelet cound, increased PT and INR ANS: Vitamin K deficiency
clotting factor deficiency from the liver
Vitamin K deficiency a newborn will present with melena, hematuria and bleeding from umbilucs
activation of extrinsic pathway for coagulation is initiated by ANS: Tissue thromboplastin
,PT and INR ANS: measure integrity of extrinsic pathway
PTT ANS: assesses the intrinsic pathway of coagulation
Von Willebrand Factor impairs ANS: platelet adhesion to injured tissue
electrolyte imbalance causing clotting disorders ANS: hypocalcemia
oxytocin ANS: produced in the hypothalamic region
hormone that causes uterine and milk duct contraction, release during sexual activity
How are steroid hormones transported ANS: diffused through cell membranes to activate intracellular
receptors
lipid soluble hormones ANS: thyroid hormones
secondary endocrine disorder ex ANS: pituitary hyposecretion of TSH
upregulation of target cell receptors results in ANS: increased target cell responsiveness to hormone
Downregulation ANS: decreased target cell sensitivity
Growth hormone ANS: increases lean body mass
Stimulates liver to release IGF-1
, Somatostatin supresses normal secretion of growth hormone
-infants would have normal birth length and weight
-Excess leads to acromegaly
Most endocrine hormones are water soluble and exert their effects on target cells by ANS: generating
secondary messengers
Prolactin is inhibited by ANS: dopamine produced by the hypothalamus
Cortisol is responsible for ANS: regulation of immune and inflammatory reactions
After thyroidectomy pt has numbness and tingling around the mouth, what lab are we concerned
about? ANS: low serum calcium
syntheses if thyroid hormones ANS: inhibited by iodine deficiency
hypoparathyroidism ANS: clinical manifestation results from decreased serum ionized calcium
which response to an injection of ACTH indicates a primary adrenal insufficiency ANS: no change in
serum glucocorticoid levels
Surgical removal of thyroid gland may result in
thyroid gland growing larger then normal ANS: hyposecretion
why does cancer come back ANS: small areas of metastases can lie dormant only to explode in growth
later
Complete remission of leukemia is when less then 5% blasts in marrow and normal CBC values
malignant neoplasm of epithelial origin are known as ANS: carcinomas
Burkitt lymphoma is most closely associated with ANS: Epstein-Barr virus
major cause of death from leukemic disease ANS: infection
myeloma ANS: bence jones proteins in the urine
Renal insufficiency is common
elevated Ca levels, bone fractures common
CML chronic lymphoid leukemia ANS: -bcr-abl translocation
-Philadelphia chromosome
-Fatigue, weight loss, abdominal discomfort, sweats
ALL Acute lymphoid leukemia ANS: -best prognosis for long term disease free survival
-Primarily affects children
,-activity restriction with thrombocytopenia
-Common complication is infection
-anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, pain in long bones, fever, painless enlarged cervical lymph
nodes
non-Hodgkin lymphoma ANS: there may be gastrointestinal tract involvement
CLL Chronic lymphoid leukemia ANS:
AML Acute myeloid leukemia ANS:
Hemophilia A ANS: treatment includes Factory VIII replacement
Hemophilia B ANS: deficiency in factor IX
Final step in clot formation ANS: clot retraction
cause for bleeding with normal platelet cound, increased PT and INR ANS: Vitamin K deficiency
clotting factor deficiency from the liver
Vitamin K deficiency a newborn will present with melena, hematuria and bleeding from umbilucs
activation of extrinsic pathway for coagulation is initiated by ANS: Tissue thromboplastin
,PT and INR ANS: measure integrity of extrinsic pathway
PTT ANS: assesses the intrinsic pathway of coagulation
Von Willebrand Factor impairs ANS: platelet adhesion to injured tissue
electrolyte imbalance causing clotting disorders ANS: hypocalcemia
oxytocin ANS: produced in the hypothalamic region
hormone that causes uterine and milk duct contraction, release during sexual activity
How are steroid hormones transported ANS: diffused through cell membranes to activate intracellular
receptors
lipid soluble hormones ANS: thyroid hormones
secondary endocrine disorder ex ANS: pituitary hyposecretion of TSH
upregulation of target cell receptors results in ANS: increased target cell responsiveness to hormone
Downregulation ANS: decreased target cell sensitivity
Growth hormone ANS: increases lean body mass
Stimulates liver to release IGF-1
, Somatostatin supresses normal secretion of growth hormone
-infants would have normal birth length and weight
-Excess leads to acromegaly
Most endocrine hormones are water soluble and exert their effects on target cells by ANS: generating
secondary messengers
Prolactin is inhibited by ANS: dopamine produced by the hypothalamus
Cortisol is responsible for ANS: regulation of immune and inflammatory reactions
After thyroidectomy pt has numbness and tingling around the mouth, what lab are we concerned
about? ANS: low serum calcium
syntheses if thyroid hormones ANS: inhibited by iodine deficiency
hypoparathyroidism ANS: clinical manifestation results from decreased serum ionized calcium
which response to an injection of ACTH indicates a primary adrenal insufficiency ANS: no change in
serum glucocorticoid levels
Surgical removal of thyroid gland may result in
thyroid gland growing larger then normal ANS: hyposecretion
