HUMAN BIOLOGY EXAM #3
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
binding capacity of hemoglobin is high then what? - ANSWER-hemoglobin will be
saturated with oxygen
Binding capacity of hemoglobin for oxygen is affected by - ANSWER-partial
pressure, temperature, and pH
Sinusitis (upper respiratory infection) - ANSWER-infection of cranial sinuses
Otitis Media (upper respiratory infection) - ANSWER-bacterial infection of middle ear
Tonsillitis (upper respiratory infection) - ANSWER-inflammation and enlargement of
tonsils
Laryngitis (upper respiratory infection) - ANSWER-infection of larynx with
hoarseness and inability to talk
How many common cold viruses do we have? - ANSWER-Greater than 150
Influenza (flu) - ANSWER-begins as upper tract infection and spreads to other body
parts
Strep throat (upper respiratory infection) - ANSWER-bacterium streptococcus
pyogenes can lead to rheumatic fever
Acute bronchitis (lower respiratory infection) - ANSWER-infection of primary and
secondary bronchi
pneumonia (lower respiratory infection) - ANSWER-viral bacterial protozoal infection
of the lungs
pulmonary tuberculosis (lower respiratory infection) - ANSWER-tubercle bacillus
bacterium
Restrictive pulmonary disorders - ANSWER-vital capacity is reduced because lungs
have lost elasticity
Pulmonary fibrosis - ANSWER-formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of
the lungs
expiration can be increased by... - ANSWER-contracting the abdominal and thoracic
muscles (expiratory reserve volume)
Residual volume - ANSWER-air remaining in the lungs after deep exhalation
, Dead space - ANSWER-part of the air passage ways in which inspired air never
reaches lungs and is not used for gas exchange
Spirometer - ANSWER-apparatus used to measure the volume of air inspired and
expired by the lungs
external respiration - ANSWER-gas exchange between air in the alveoli and blood in
the pulmonary capillaries
Blood entering the pulmonary capillaries has a higher ____ of ____ than ____. -
ANSWER-partial pressure, carbon dioxide, atmospheric air
carbon dioxide diffuses from where into where - ANSWER-blood into lungs
Internal respiration - ANSWER-gas exchange between the blood in systemic
capillaries and the tissue fluid
Oxygen diffuses out of the blood into the tissue because of what? - ANSWER-The
partial pressure of oxygen of tissue fluid is lower than that of blood
Obstructive pulmonary disorders. Examples? - ANSWER-air does not flow freely in
airways. chronic bronchitis emphysema asthma lung cancer
Lung cancer - ANSWER-number one cancer killer in US
What is another term for the tract that runs from the mouth to the anus? - ANSWER-
alimentary tract, gastrointestinal tract, G.I. tract or gut
Two types of digestive processes - ANSWER-mechanical chemical
Digestion of food is an extracellular process due to what? - ANSWER-Enzymes
secreted into the gut by glands that reside in the lining or nearby
Functions of digestion - ANSWER-ingest food, digest it, move it along tract, absorb
nutrient, eliminate nondigestible wastes
Layers of the wall of the digestive tract (inside out) - ANSWER-mucosa, submucose,
muscularis, serosa
Functions of the mouth - ANSWER-ingest break down (mechanical) begin digestion
(chemical) taste form into bolus for swallowing
What is the roof of the mouth composed up - ANSWER-Anterior (hard palate)
posterior (soft palate)
Tonsils help protect against what? - ANSWER-Infection
Three pairs of salivary glands also called what - ANSWER-exocrine glands
What do exocrine glands do? - ANSWER-send juices through ducts to the mouth
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
binding capacity of hemoglobin is high then what? - ANSWER-hemoglobin will be
saturated with oxygen
Binding capacity of hemoglobin for oxygen is affected by - ANSWER-partial
pressure, temperature, and pH
Sinusitis (upper respiratory infection) - ANSWER-infection of cranial sinuses
Otitis Media (upper respiratory infection) - ANSWER-bacterial infection of middle ear
Tonsillitis (upper respiratory infection) - ANSWER-inflammation and enlargement of
tonsils
Laryngitis (upper respiratory infection) - ANSWER-infection of larynx with
hoarseness and inability to talk
How many common cold viruses do we have? - ANSWER-Greater than 150
Influenza (flu) - ANSWER-begins as upper tract infection and spreads to other body
parts
Strep throat (upper respiratory infection) - ANSWER-bacterium streptococcus
pyogenes can lead to rheumatic fever
Acute bronchitis (lower respiratory infection) - ANSWER-infection of primary and
secondary bronchi
pneumonia (lower respiratory infection) - ANSWER-viral bacterial protozoal infection
of the lungs
pulmonary tuberculosis (lower respiratory infection) - ANSWER-tubercle bacillus
bacterium
Restrictive pulmonary disorders - ANSWER-vital capacity is reduced because lungs
have lost elasticity
Pulmonary fibrosis - ANSWER-formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of
the lungs
expiration can be increased by... - ANSWER-contracting the abdominal and thoracic
muscles (expiratory reserve volume)
Residual volume - ANSWER-air remaining in the lungs after deep exhalation
, Dead space - ANSWER-part of the air passage ways in which inspired air never
reaches lungs and is not used for gas exchange
Spirometer - ANSWER-apparatus used to measure the volume of air inspired and
expired by the lungs
external respiration - ANSWER-gas exchange between air in the alveoli and blood in
the pulmonary capillaries
Blood entering the pulmonary capillaries has a higher ____ of ____ than ____. -
ANSWER-partial pressure, carbon dioxide, atmospheric air
carbon dioxide diffuses from where into where - ANSWER-blood into lungs
Internal respiration - ANSWER-gas exchange between the blood in systemic
capillaries and the tissue fluid
Oxygen diffuses out of the blood into the tissue because of what? - ANSWER-The
partial pressure of oxygen of tissue fluid is lower than that of blood
Obstructive pulmonary disorders. Examples? - ANSWER-air does not flow freely in
airways. chronic bronchitis emphysema asthma lung cancer
Lung cancer - ANSWER-number one cancer killer in US
What is another term for the tract that runs from the mouth to the anus? - ANSWER-
alimentary tract, gastrointestinal tract, G.I. tract or gut
Two types of digestive processes - ANSWER-mechanical chemical
Digestion of food is an extracellular process due to what? - ANSWER-Enzymes
secreted into the gut by glands that reside in the lining or nearby
Functions of digestion - ANSWER-ingest food, digest it, move it along tract, absorb
nutrient, eliminate nondigestible wastes
Layers of the wall of the digestive tract (inside out) - ANSWER-mucosa, submucose,
muscularis, serosa
Functions of the mouth - ANSWER-ingest break down (mechanical) begin digestion
(chemical) taste form into bolus for swallowing
What is the roof of the mouth composed up - ANSWER-Anterior (hard palate)
posterior (soft palate)
Tonsils help protect against what? - ANSWER-Infection
Three pairs of salivary glands also called what - ANSWER-exocrine glands
What do exocrine glands do? - ANSWER-send juices through ducts to the mouth
