NUR-635 Advanced Pharmacology
NUR 635 Midterm EXAM 2025 KEY CONCEPT/PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GCU Advanced Pharmacology
Pharmacokinetics includes
absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination
absorption of drugs factors
PH changes, gastric emptying, gastric enzymes, bile acids, GI flora, food and nutrient
interactions, lipid solubility
Where is cyp450 system found
endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes
ICU delirium common in elderly patients
Treated with haloperidol, dexmedetomidine is preferred
When is dexmedetomidine (Precedex) used?
If respiratory depression is a concern, not to be used longer then 24hours
Benzodiazepine Drug bind to
GABA receptors, influx of Cl- through central ion channels, <NT
,NUR-635 Advanced Pharmacology
Hyponotic Agens
Bind to Benzo receptors, zolpidem (Ambien), zaleplon (Sonata), eszopiclone (Lunesta)
Benzodiazepines used to treat anxiety
As a sedative/hypnotic:
anterograde amnesia-midazolam
Epileptic-clonazepam
muscle relaxants-diazepam
Benzos can
Increase falls risk in elderly
Benzodiazepine Antagonist
flumazenil, a GABA receptor antagonist
Ramelteon,ROzerem (hypnotic agent)
Acts on MT1 and MT2 tpe of melatonin receptor
,NUR-635 Advanced Pharmacology
Drugs most effective for alcohol withdrawal
Lorazepam(Ativan) & phenobarbital
if liver dysfnction-lorazepam
Migraine Treatment
NSAIDs, Tiptans, opioids nad IM dihydroergotamine
Migraine attacks is nausea is present
Metoclopramide (dopamine receptor antagonist) or prochlorperazine
Triptan Drugs
Sumatriptan (inj, tablets and nasal)
Almotriptan
Eletriptan
Frovatriptan
Naratriptan
Rizatriptan
Zolmitriptan (nasal spray)
, NUR-635 Advanced Pharmacology
Serotonin F-HT receptor antagonists (5HTRAs) contraindication
Pregnancy-
able to use opioids for migraines
Drugs for prophylaxis in migraines
BB,
anticonvulsants-divalproez, CCB-diltiazem, verapamil
TCA-amitriptyline, notriptyline
metoclopramide
Preventative tx, if <2/month
Antiepileptics reduce intensity and muner of attacks
Divalproex(Preg Cat D)
,Depakote, valproic acid0 start low and titrate up
Most effective during prodromal phase of migraine attack
Ergot alkaloids-not helpful in tension HA
NUR 635 Midterm EXAM 2025 KEY CONCEPT/PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GCU Advanced Pharmacology
Pharmacokinetics includes
absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination
absorption of drugs factors
PH changes, gastric emptying, gastric enzymes, bile acids, GI flora, food and nutrient
interactions, lipid solubility
Where is cyp450 system found
endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes
ICU delirium common in elderly patients
Treated with haloperidol, dexmedetomidine is preferred
When is dexmedetomidine (Precedex) used?
If respiratory depression is a concern, not to be used longer then 24hours
Benzodiazepine Drug bind to
GABA receptors, influx of Cl- through central ion channels, <NT
,NUR-635 Advanced Pharmacology
Hyponotic Agens
Bind to Benzo receptors, zolpidem (Ambien), zaleplon (Sonata), eszopiclone (Lunesta)
Benzodiazepines used to treat anxiety
As a sedative/hypnotic:
anterograde amnesia-midazolam
Epileptic-clonazepam
muscle relaxants-diazepam
Benzos can
Increase falls risk in elderly
Benzodiazepine Antagonist
flumazenil, a GABA receptor antagonist
Ramelteon,ROzerem (hypnotic agent)
Acts on MT1 and MT2 tpe of melatonin receptor
,NUR-635 Advanced Pharmacology
Drugs most effective for alcohol withdrawal
Lorazepam(Ativan) & phenobarbital
if liver dysfnction-lorazepam
Migraine Treatment
NSAIDs, Tiptans, opioids nad IM dihydroergotamine
Migraine attacks is nausea is present
Metoclopramide (dopamine receptor antagonist) or prochlorperazine
Triptan Drugs
Sumatriptan (inj, tablets and nasal)
Almotriptan
Eletriptan
Frovatriptan
Naratriptan
Rizatriptan
Zolmitriptan (nasal spray)
, NUR-635 Advanced Pharmacology
Serotonin F-HT receptor antagonists (5HTRAs) contraindication
Pregnancy-
able to use opioids for migraines
Drugs for prophylaxis in migraines
BB,
anticonvulsants-divalproez, CCB-diltiazem, verapamil
TCA-amitriptyline, notriptyline
metoclopramide
Preventative tx, if <2/month
Antiepileptics reduce intensity and muner of attacks
Divalproex(Preg Cat D)
,Depakote, valproic acid0 start low and titrate up
Most effective during prodromal phase of migraine attack
Ergot alkaloids-not helpful in tension HA
