NUTR 280 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED
A+
✔✔gene - ✔✔one of vitamin A's most important role is its function in _______
expression
✔✔proteins - ✔✔info coded in genes are used to make
✔✔epithelial - ✔✔vitamin A helps with the growth and replenishment of this type of
tissue
✔✔differentiation - ✔✔vitamin A also has a role in cell ______________-
✔✔cell differentiation - ✔✔process where immature cells are stimulated to "mature"
✔✔retina - ✔✔vitamin A also has an important role in vision by keeping the cornea
healthy and processing light in the
✔✔rhodopsin - ✔✔retinal combines with opsin to make
✔✔night blindness - ✔✔a deficiency in vitamin A could result in a slow recovery of
vision after exposure to flashes of bright light, called
✔✔keratinization - ✔✔vitamin A deficiency that leads to an accumulation of keratin
✔✔xerosis - ✔✔as keratinization progresses it could turn into
✔✔xerophthalmia - ✔✔most advanced vitamin A deficiency
✔✔failure to grow - ✔✔first sign of a vitamin A deficiency in children is the
✔✔"remodeling" - ✔✔vitamin A assists in the growth of bone and teeth, or
✔✔diet and sun exposure - ✔✔vitamin D can be obtained from the
✔✔cholesterol - ✔✔UV rays shine on a ___________ compound in the skin, creating a
vitamin D precursor
✔✔kidneys - ✔✔1.5 days after vitamin D absorption, the liver and _____________
donate hydroxyl groups and it becomes active vitamin D
✔✔activated - ✔✔even vitamin D in food has to be ____________ to be functional
✔✔99 - ✔✔spf 15 decreases synthesis by ____%
, ✔✔5, 10 - ✔✔____ to ____ minutes of midday exposure to the sun 3x/week can
provide a light-skinned individual with adequate vitamin D
✔✔calcium - ✔✔vitamin D regulates the amount of ____________ absorbed across the
GI tract and how much goes in and out of bones
✔✔parathyroid - ✔✔vitamin D is made and release from these glands
✔✔hormone - ✔✔vitamin D functions somewhat like a ________________; it can be
made by an organ, travels in the blood, and has an effect on other organs
✔✔rickets - ✔✔vitamin D deficiency in children
✔✔osteomalacia - ✔✔vitamin D deficiency in adults
✔✔total bone mass - ✔✔the difference between osteomalacia and osteoporosis is that
osteoporosis is the loss of __________ _________ _________, not just minerals
✔✔alpha-tocopherol - ✔✔the basis for the DRI for vitamin E
✔✔antioxidant - ✔✔vitamin E is also an ____________
✔✔vitamin C - ✔✔this nutrient gives an electron back to vitamin E
✔✔true - ✔✔T/F: a vitamin E deficiency is rare
✔✔hemolytic anemia - ✔✔a condition in which there is an insufficient number of red
blood cells because many burst
✔✔fatty tissue, liver, and muscles - ✔✔storage sites of vitamin E
✔✔naturally occurring - ✔✔this form of vitamin E is more readily available
✔✔role in blood clotting - ✔✔main function of vitamin K
✔✔fibrin - ✔✔insoluble, fibrous protein that forms the solid clot; traps blood cells and
platelets
✔✔calcification - ✔✔vitamin K-dependent proteins are involved in bone formation,
regulation of cell growth, and inhibition of blood vessel ________________
✔✔osteoporosis - ✔✔vitamin K may have a role in prevention/treatment of this disease
A+
✔✔gene - ✔✔one of vitamin A's most important role is its function in _______
expression
✔✔proteins - ✔✔info coded in genes are used to make
✔✔epithelial - ✔✔vitamin A helps with the growth and replenishment of this type of
tissue
✔✔differentiation - ✔✔vitamin A also has a role in cell ______________-
✔✔cell differentiation - ✔✔process where immature cells are stimulated to "mature"
✔✔retina - ✔✔vitamin A also has an important role in vision by keeping the cornea
healthy and processing light in the
✔✔rhodopsin - ✔✔retinal combines with opsin to make
✔✔night blindness - ✔✔a deficiency in vitamin A could result in a slow recovery of
vision after exposure to flashes of bright light, called
✔✔keratinization - ✔✔vitamin A deficiency that leads to an accumulation of keratin
✔✔xerosis - ✔✔as keratinization progresses it could turn into
✔✔xerophthalmia - ✔✔most advanced vitamin A deficiency
✔✔failure to grow - ✔✔first sign of a vitamin A deficiency in children is the
✔✔"remodeling" - ✔✔vitamin A assists in the growth of bone and teeth, or
✔✔diet and sun exposure - ✔✔vitamin D can be obtained from the
✔✔cholesterol - ✔✔UV rays shine on a ___________ compound in the skin, creating a
vitamin D precursor
✔✔kidneys - ✔✔1.5 days after vitamin D absorption, the liver and _____________
donate hydroxyl groups and it becomes active vitamin D
✔✔activated - ✔✔even vitamin D in food has to be ____________ to be functional
✔✔99 - ✔✔spf 15 decreases synthesis by ____%
, ✔✔5, 10 - ✔✔____ to ____ minutes of midday exposure to the sun 3x/week can
provide a light-skinned individual with adequate vitamin D
✔✔calcium - ✔✔vitamin D regulates the amount of ____________ absorbed across the
GI tract and how much goes in and out of bones
✔✔parathyroid - ✔✔vitamin D is made and release from these glands
✔✔hormone - ✔✔vitamin D functions somewhat like a ________________; it can be
made by an organ, travels in the blood, and has an effect on other organs
✔✔rickets - ✔✔vitamin D deficiency in children
✔✔osteomalacia - ✔✔vitamin D deficiency in adults
✔✔total bone mass - ✔✔the difference between osteomalacia and osteoporosis is that
osteoporosis is the loss of __________ _________ _________, not just minerals
✔✔alpha-tocopherol - ✔✔the basis for the DRI for vitamin E
✔✔antioxidant - ✔✔vitamin E is also an ____________
✔✔vitamin C - ✔✔this nutrient gives an electron back to vitamin E
✔✔true - ✔✔T/F: a vitamin E deficiency is rare
✔✔hemolytic anemia - ✔✔a condition in which there is an insufficient number of red
blood cells because many burst
✔✔fatty tissue, liver, and muscles - ✔✔storage sites of vitamin E
✔✔naturally occurring - ✔✔this form of vitamin E is more readily available
✔✔role in blood clotting - ✔✔main function of vitamin K
✔✔fibrin - ✔✔insoluble, fibrous protein that forms the solid clot; traps blood cells and
platelets
✔✔calcification - ✔✔vitamin K-dependent proteins are involved in bone formation,
regulation of cell growth, and inhibition of blood vessel ________________
✔✔osteoporosis - ✔✔vitamin K may have a role in prevention/treatment of this disease
