ASPT COMPREHENSIVE STUDY EXAM GUIDE 2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔sympathetic blood flow - ✔✔The suppression of blood flow controlled by the brain
due to stress
✔✔Hematopoiesis - ✔✔blood cell formation
✔✔spleen - ✔✔Organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminates blood
cells
✔✔ML / CC - ✔✔milliliters, cubic centimeters
✔✔communicable - ✔✔contagious
✔✔Dermal Subcutaneous Junction - ✔✔Major vascular area of the skin in neonates
only 0.35 to 1.6 mm from the skins surface
✔✔vena cava (superior and inferior) - ✔✔They are the veins that return deoxygenated
blood from the body into the heart. They both empty into the right atrium.
✔✔basophils - ✔✔A circulating leukocyte that produces histamine.
✔✔Lymphocytes - ✔✔white blood cells that produce antibodies that fight infection
✔✔monocytes - ✔✔An agranular leukocyte that is able to migrate into tissues and
transform into a macrophage.
✔✔neutrophils - ✔✔A type of white blood cell that engulfs invading microbes and
contributes to the nonspecific defenses of the body against disease. Most abundant.
✔✔malpractice - ✔✔Failure by a health professional to meet accepted standards
✔✔bloodborne pathogens - ✔✔Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by
blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV.
✔✔engineering controls - ✔✔Devices that isolate or remove a blood borne pathogen
hazard from the workplace.
✔✔ethics - ✔✔the principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making
decisions
✔✔biohazard - ✔✔a biological or chemical substance or situation that is dangerous to
human beings and the environment
,✔✔analyte - ✔✔Substance being analyzed
✔✔MSDS - ✔✔Material Safety Data Sheet
✔✔aliquot - ✔✔A portion of a well-mixed sample removed for testing
✔✔ABG - ✔✔arterial blood gas
✔✔the heart - ✔✔A hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
✔✔lumen - ✔✔space within a tubular part or organ, such as the space within a blood
vessel
✔✔bevel - ✔✔Any inclination of two surfaces other than 90 degrees.
✔✔capillaries - ✔✔Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place between
the blood and cells of the body
✔✔Osteomyelitis - ✔✔inflammation of bone and bone marrow
✔✔EDTA - ✔✔ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
✔✔vein patency - ✔✔A vein which is flexible, open and free-flowing venipuncture
✔✔vasoconstriction - ✔✔narrowing of blood vessels
✔✔tunica media - ✔✔The middle and thickest layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall,
composed of elastic tissue and smooth muscle cells that allow the vessel to expand or
contract in response to changes in blood pressure and tissue demand.
✔✔tunica adventitia - ✔✔The outer layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall, composed of
elastic and fibrous connective tissue.
✔✔tunica intima - ✔✔the innermost layer of a blood vessel
✔✔buffy coat - ✔✔a thin light colored layer of white blood cells and platelets than lie
between a top layer of plasma and red blood cells
✔✔hemoglobin - ✔✔iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen for
delivery to cells
, ✔✔circulatory system - ✔✔the system that circulates blood and lymph through the
body, consisting of the heart, blood vessels, blood, lymph, and the lymphatic vessels
and glands.
✔✔conduction system - ✔✔Electrical impulses from nerves that stimulate contraction
and relaxation of heart
✔✔morphology - ✔✔study of form
✔✔Reticulocyte - ✔✔immature erythrocyte
✔✔great saphenous vein - ✔✔longest vein in the body
✔✔whole blood - ✔✔refers to the mixture of both plasma and formed elements
✔✔vein/venules - ✔✔carry blood to the heart
✔✔PKU - ✔✔phenylketonuria
✔✔WBC - ✔✔white blood cell
✔✔RBC - ✔✔red blood cell
✔✔PLT - ✔✔platelets
✔✔bone marrow - ✔✔A soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells
✔✔atria - ✔✔upper chambers of the heart
✔✔anticoagulant - ✔✔slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming
✔✔coagulation - ✔✔blood clotting
✔✔artery/arterioles - ✔✔carry blood away from the heart
✔✔fibrin clot - ✔✔forms a scaffold for tissue reconstruction
✔✔peaks/troughs - ✔✔use with antibiotic therapy
✔✔TDM - ✔✔Therapeutic drug monitoring
✔✔aorta - ✔✔Largest artery in the body
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔sympathetic blood flow - ✔✔The suppression of blood flow controlled by the brain
due to stress
✔✔Hematopoiesis - ✔✔blood cell formation
✔✔spleen - ✔✔Organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminates blood
cells
✔✔ML / CC - ✔✔milliliters, cubic centimeters
✔✔communicable - ✔✔contagious
✔✔Dermal Subcutaneous Junction - ✔✔Major vascular area of the skin in neonates
only 0.35 to 1.6 mm from the skins surface
✔✔vena cava (superior and inferior) - ✔✔They are the veins that return deoxygenated
blood from the body into the heart. They both empty into the right atrium.
✔✔basophils - ✔✔A circulating leukocyte that produces histamine.
✔✔Lymphocytes - ✔✔white blood cells that produce antibodies that fight infection
✔✔monocytes - ✔✔An agranular leukocyte that is able to migrate into tissues and
transform into a macrophage.
✔✔neutrophils - ✔✔A type of white blood cell that engulfs invading microbes and
contributes to the nonspecific defenses of the body against disease. Most abundant.
✔✔malpractice - ✔✔Failure by a health professional to meet accepted standards
✔✔bloodborne pathogens - ✔✔Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by
blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV.
✔✔engineering controls - ✔✔Devices that isolate or remove a blood borne pathogen
hazard from the workplace.
✔✔ethics - ✔✔the principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making
decisions
✔✔biohazard - ✔✔a biological or chemical substance or situation that is dangerous to
human beings and the environment
,✔✔analyte - ✔✔Substance being analyzed
✔✔MSDS - ✔✔Material Safety Data Sheet
✔✔aliquot - ✔✔A portion of a well-mixed sample removed for testing
✔✔ABG - ✔✔arterial blood gas
✔✔the heart - ✔✔A hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
✔✔lumen - ✔✔space within a tubular part or organ, such as the space within a blood
vessel
✔✔bevel - ✔✔Any inclination of two surfaces other than 90 degrees.
✔✔capillaries - ✔✔Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place between
the blood and cells of the body
✔✔Osteomyelitis - ✔✔inflammation of bone and bone marrow
✔✔EDTA - ✔✔ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
✔✔vein patency - ✔✔A vein which is flexible, open and free-flowing venipuncture
✔✔vasoconstriction - ✔✔narrowing of blood vessels
✔✔tunica media - ✔✔The middle and thickest layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall,
composed of elastic tissue and smooth muscle cells that allow the vessel to expand or
contract in response to changes in blood pressure and tissue demand.
✔✔tunica adventitia - ✔✔The outer layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall, composed of
elastic and fibrous connective tissue.
✔✔tunica intima - ✔✔the innermost layer of a blood vessel
✔✔buffy coat - ✔✔a thin light colored layer of white blood cells and platelets than lie
between a top layer of plasma and red blood cells
✔✔hemoglobin - ✔✔iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen for
delivery to cells
, ✔✔circulatory system - ✔✔the system that circulates blood and lymph through the
body, consisting of the heart, blood vessels, blood, lymph, and the lymphatic vessels
and glands.
✔✔conduction system - ✔✔Electrical impulses from nerves that stimulate contraction
and relaxation of heart
✔✔morphology - ✔✔study of form
✔✔Reticulocyte - ✔✔immature erythrocyte
✔✔great saphenous vein - ✔✔longest vein in the body
✔✔whole blood - ✔✔refers to the mixture of both plasma and formed elements
✔✔vein/venules - ✔✔carry blood to the heart
✔✔PKU - ✔✔phenylketonuria
✔✔WBC - ✔✔white blood cell
✔✔RBC - ✔✔red blood cell
✔✔PLT - ✔✔platelets
✔✔bone marrow - ✔✔A soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells
✔✔atria - ✔✔upper chambers of the heart
✔✔anticoagulant - ✔✔slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming
✔✔coagulation - ✔✔blood clotting
✔✔artery/arterioles - ✔✔carry blood away from the heart
✔✔fibrin clot - ✔✔forms a scaffold for tissue reconstruction
✔✔peaks/troughs - ✔✔use with antibiotic therapy
✔✔TDM - ✔✔Therapeutic drug monitoring
✔✔aorta - ✔✔Largest artery in the body
