NUTRITION HESI * QUESTIONS AND
ANSWER WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
100% CORRECT!!!
Which IV fluid does the nurse expect to use for parenteral feeding via
peripheral vein?
✔✔ Dextrose in water 5% (D5W)
Which nutrition-related physical assessment finding would the nurse expect to
see in a patient with anorexia nervosa?
A) Dental caries
✔✔ B) Bone pain
C) Heart palpitations
D) GI bleed
Rationale: Starvation can lead to osteoporosis, which causes bone pain.
Which clinical situations are appropriate for parenteral feedings? (Select all
that apply)
✔✔ A) Bowel rest
✔✔ B) Severe ileus
✔✔ C) Bowel obstruction
D) Nausea and vomiting
✔✔ E) GI fistula
Rationale: Parenteral nutrition is used when the GI tract cannot be used safely for
digestion and absorption.
Why is enteral nutrition preferred over parenteral nutrition?
(select all)
A) less expensive
B) less invasive
,C) allows gut to rest
D) preserves gut function
E) decreased risk factors - ANSWERS✔✔A,B,D,E
at what rate does the nurse expect to initiate administration of enteral feeding for a
patient who is critically ill?
A) 240-720 ml/hr
B) 10-40 ml/hr
C) 60-120 ml/hr
D) 150-520 ml/hr - ANSWERS✔✔B) 10-40 ml/hr
patients who are critically ill cannot tolerate large feedings for a long time.
which is a benefit of administering parenteral nutrition over enteral?
A) faster wound healing
B) preservation of the GI tract
C) fewer complications
D) short term - ANSWERS✔✔D) short term
which is a primary consideration when choosing an access route for parenteral
nutrition?
A) patient's disease state
B) osmolality of the solution
C) duration of infusion administration
D) frequency of nutrition administration - ANSWERS✔✔B) osmolality
,the osmolality of the solution is the primary consideration when choosing an
access route for parenteral nutrition. A higher osmolality solution is a reflection of
the concentration of total particles. for example small peripheral veins, usually in
the arm, are used to deliver less concentrated solutions the other answers are all
taken into consideration, but the osmolality requires specific access routes making
it the primary consideration.
which biochemical marker is measured after initiation of enteral nutrition?
A) fluid balance
B) creatinine
C) amylase
D) pre-albumin - ANSWERS✔✔D) pre-albumin
pre-albumin is a biochemical marker for protein malnutrition.
fluid balance is not a biochemical marker.
Creatinine and amylase are not biochemical markers measured after initiation of
enteral nutrition.
which type of enteral formula is designed for a patient with a fully functional GI
tract ?
A) Polymeric
B) Semi-elemental
D) Single nutrient
E) hydrolyzed elemental - ANSWERS✔✔A) polymeric
polymeric formulas are made from intact nutrients for use with a fully functional
GI tract.
, the others are used for patients with out a a fully functional GI tract because these
formulas are readily absorbed with minimal residue.
which enteral feeding route poses the highest risk for aspiration?
A) nasogastric
B) jejunostomy
C) nasoduodenal
D) gastrostomy - ANSWERS✔✔A) nasogastric
Jejunostomy poses the least risk for aspiration
nasoduodenal and gastrostomy pose risk but less risk than nasogastric.
which assessment is specific to the patient receiving parenteral lipid emulsions?
A) triglyceride level
B) intake and output
C)insertion site
D) Glutamine levels - ANSWERS✔✔A) triglyceride levels
the triglyceride level is an assessment specific to parenteral lipid emulsions. The
input and output and insertion site need to be assessed regardless of the type of
enteral nutrition. Glutamine is a bioactive substance that may be added to benefit
certain patients and is not monitored prior to the initiation of parenteral lipid
emulsions.
a patient receiving parenteral nutrition is brought to the emergency department
appearing disoriented with difficulty breathing. The family member states that the
patient has been complaining of muscle pain for the past week. What metabolic
complication from parenteral nutrition is the patient most likely experiencing?
ANSWER WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
100% CORRECT!!!
Which IV fluid does the nurse expect to use for parenteral feeding via
peripheral vein?
✔✔ Dextrose in water 5% (D5W)
Which nutrition-related physical assessment finding would the nurse expect to
see in a patient with anorexia nervosa?
A) Dental caries
✔✔ B) Bone pain
C) Heart palpitations
D) GI bleed
Rationale: Starvation can lead to osteoporosis, which causes bone pain.
Which clinical situations are appropriate for parenteral feedings? (Select all
that apply)
✔✔ A) Bowel rest
✔✔ B) Severe ileus
✔✔ C) Bowel obstruction
D) Nausea and vomiting
✔✔ E) GI fistula
Rationale: Parenteral nutrition is used when the GI tract cannot be used safely for
digestion and absorption.
Why is enteral nutrition preferred over parenteral nutrition?
(select all)
A) less expensive
B) less invasive
,C) allows gut to rest
D) preserves gut function
E) decreased risk factors - ANSWERS✔✔A,B,D,E
at what rate does the nurse expect to initiate administration of enteral feeding for a
patient who is critically ill?
A) 240-720 ml/hr
B) 10-40 ml/hr
C) 60-120 ml/hr
D) 150-520 ml/hr - ANSWERS✔✔B) 10-40 ml/hr
patients who are critically ill cannot tolerate large feedings for a long time.
which is a benefit of administering parenteral nutrition over enteral?
A) faster wound healing
B) preservation of the GI tract
C) fewer complications
D) short term - ANSWERS✔✔D) short term
which is a primary consideration when choosing an access route for parenteral
nutrition?
A) patient's disease state
B) osmolality of the solution
C) duration of infusion administration
D) frequency of nutrition administration - ANSWERS✔✔B) osmolality
,the osmolality of the solution is the primary consideration when choosing an
access route for parenteral nutrition. A higher osmolality solution is a reflection of
the concentration of total particles. for example small peripheral veins, usually in
the arm, are used to deliver less concentrated solutions the other answers are all
taken into consideration, but the osmolality requires specific access routes making
it the primary consideration.
which biochemical marker is measured after initiation of enteral nutrition?
A) fluid balance
B) creatinine
C) amylase
D) pre-albumin - ANSWERS✔✔D) pre-albumin
pre-albumin is a biochemical marker for protein malnutrition.
fluid balance is not a biochemical marker.
Creatinine and amylase are not biochemical markers measured after initiation of
enteral nutrition.
which type of enteral formula is designed for a patient with a fully functional GI
tract ?
A) Polymeric
B) Semi-elemental
D) Single nutrient
E) hydrolyzed elemental - ANSWERS✔✔A) polymeric
polymeric formulas are made from intact nutrients for use with a fully functional
GI tract.
, the others are used for patients with out a a fully functional GI tract because these
formulas are readily absorbed with minimal residue.
which enteral feeding route poses the highest risk for aspiration?
A) nasogastric
B) jejunostomy
C) nasoduodenal
D) gastrostomy - ANSWERS✔✔A) nasogastric
Jejunostomy poses the least risk for aspiration
nasoduodenal and gastrostomy pose risk but less risk than nasogastric.
which assessment is specific to the patient receiving parenteral lipid emulsions?
A) triglyceride level
B) intake and output
C)insertion site
D) Glutamine levels - ANSWERS✔✔A) triglyceride levels
the triglyceride level is an assessment specific to parenteral lipid emulsions. The
input and output and insertion site need to be assessed regardless of the type of
enteral nutrition. Glutamine is a bioactive substance that may be added to benefit
certain patients and is not monitored prior to the initiation of parenteral lipid
emulsions.
a patient receiving parenteral nutrition is brought to the emergency department
appearing disoriented with difficulty breathing. The family member states that the
patient has been complaining of muscle pain for the past week. What metabolic
complication from parenteral nutrition is the patient most likely experiencing?
