Nasm CPT Final Exam question with answers
Proprioception - -The body's ability to to sense the relative position of adjacent parts of the
body
Ex: when walking our feet give us proprioception about the type of surface we are on.
-Mechanoreceptors - -specialized structures that recognize pressure in tissue and transmit
signals to sensory nerves.
-Muscle Spindles - -sensory receptors in the muscles that are parallel to the muscle fibers and
are sensitive to change in muscle length. Spindles stretch with muscle and sends information to
CNS.
helps to prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast
-Golgi Tendon Organs - -sensory receptors that are located at the point where the skeletal
muscle fibers insert into the tendon. Sensitive to change in tension at the rate of change
causes the muscle to relax
-Epimysium - -connective tissue UNDER fascia that acts as an outer layer of the whole muscle
-Perimysium - -connective tissue acts as an outer layer of fascicles
-Endomysium - -between the individual muscle fibers
-Type 1 Muscle Fiber - -"slow-twitch", smaller in size, lessforce produced, long-term
contractions (stabilization)
-Type 2 Muscle Fiber - -fast twitch, larger, quick to fatigue, force and power exercises
-Agonist - -PRIME MOVER, main muscles
ex: chest press-> pectoralis major
-Synergist - -ASSIST PRIME MOVER,
ex: chest press -> ant deltoid, triceps
-Stabilizer - -stabilizes while prime mover and assist work.
chest press -> rotator cuff
-Antagonist - -Oppose Prime mover,
chest press -> posterior delt
, -Right Atrium - -gather DEOXGENATED blood returning to the heart from ENTIRE BODY
-Left Atrium - -gathers OXYGENATED blood coming from the LUNGS
-Right Ventricle - -thin walls pumps under low pressure. Pumps to lungs
-Left Ventricle - -thick walls, pumps under high pressure to rest of body
-Metabolism - -all of the chemical reactions that happen in our body to maintain itself.
Nutrients are acquired, transported and used by the body.
-Exercise Metabolism - -bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes and
demands on body during exercise
-Substrates - -where enzymes act
-Carbohydrates - -Sugars, starches, and fiber. Provide the body with a source of fuel and energy
required for all daily activities
-Glucose - -a simple sugar that comes from the digestion of carbs that is transported through
the blood and is used or stored as energy
-Glycogen - -the stored form of carbs, when needed it converts to glucose and used
-Fat - -a secondary source of energy
-Trigylcerides - -come from fats, when calories are consumed but not used they are converted
and stored in fat cells
-Protein - -Amino acids that build and repair body tissues and structures. A third energy source,
usually not until starvation.
Recommended 0.8 g per day Adults, 1.2-1.7 per day strength athletes, 1.2-1.4 endurance
athletes
1 g = 4 calories
-Gluconeogenesis - -glucose form from non carb sources like amino acids
-Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) - -Energy storage and transfer unit in the cells. When chemical
bonds that hold it together are broken, energy is released
-Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) - -molecule produced by ATP
Proprioception - -The body's ability to to sense the relative position of adjacent parts of the
body
Ex: when walking our feet give us proprioception about the type of surface we are on.
-Mechanoreceptors - -specialized structures that recognize pressure in tissue and transmit
signals to sensory nerves.
-Muscle Spindles - -sensory receptors in the muscles that are parallel to the muscle fibers and
are sensitive to change in muscle length. Spindles stretch with muscle and sends information to
CNS.
helps to prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast
-Golgi Tendon Organs - -sensory receptors that are located at the point where the skeletal
muscle fibers insert into the tendon. Sensitive to change in tension at the rate of change
causes the muscle to relax
-Epimysium - -connective tissue UNDER fascia that acts as an outer layer of the whole muscle
-Perimysium - -connective tissue acts as an outer layer of fascicles
-Endomysium - -between the individual muscle fibers
-Type 1 Muscle Fiber - -"slow-twitch", smaller in size, lessforce produced, long-term
contractions (stabilization)
-Type 2 Muscle Fiber - -fast twitch, larger, quick to fatigue, force and power exercises
-Agonist - -PRIME MOVER, main muscles
ex: chest press-> pectoralis major
-Synergist - -ASSIST PRIME MOVER,
ex: chest press -> ant deltoid, triceps
-Stabilizer - -stabilizes while prime mover and assist work.
chest press -> rotator cuff
-Antagonist - -Oppose Prime mover,
chest press -> posterior delt
, -Right Atrium - -gather DEOXGENATED blood returning to the heart from ENTIRE BODY
-Left Atrium - -gathers OXYGENATED blood coming from the LUNGS
-Right Ventricle - -thin walls pumps under low pressure. Pumps to lungs
-Left Ventricle - -thick walls, pumps under high pressure to rest of body
-Metabolism - -all of the chemical reactions that happen in our body to maintain itself.
Nutrients are acquired, transported and used by the body.
-Exercise Metabolism - -bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes and
demands on body during exercise
-Substrates - -where enzymes act
-Carbohydrates - -Sugars, starches, and fiber. Provide the body with a source of fuel and energy
required for all daily activities
-Glucose - -a simple sugar that comes from the digestion of carbs that is transported through
the blood and is used or stored as energy
-Glycogen - -the stored form of carbs, when needed it converts to glucose and used
-Fat - -a secondary source of energy
-Trigylcerides - -come from fats, when calories are consumed but not used they are converted
and stored in fat cells
-Protein - -Amino acids that build and repair body tissues and structures. A third energy source,
usually not until starvation.
Recommended 0.8 g per day Adults, 1.2-1.7 per day strength athletes, 1.2-1.4 endurance
athletes
1 g = 4 calories
-Gluconeogenesis - -glucose form from non carb sources like amino acids
-Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) - -Energy storage and transfer unit in the cells. When chemical
bonds that hold it together are broken, energy is released
-Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) - -molecule produced by ATP
