NURS 251 Pharmacology Final Exam 2025 – 100 Questions with Verified Answers | 100% Correct | A+ Grade

NURS 251 Pharmacology Final Exam
2025 – 100 Questions with Verified
Answers | 100% Correct | A+ Grade

This test bank includes 100 multiple-choice questions for the NURS 251 Pharmacology Final
Exam 2025, covering drug classifications (20 questions), side effects (20 questions), mechanism
of action (20 questions), safe dosage ranges (20 questions), and nursing implications (20
questions). Questions reflect the curriculum’s emphasis on safe medication administration,
patient education, and clinical decision-making for nursing students, incorporating
considerations for special populations (e.g., pediatrics, geriatrics, pregnancy) (,,,,,,). Each
question includes four answer options (A–D), the correct answer, and detailed rationales,
referencing current clinical practice guidelines (e.g., FDA, CDC, WHO) to ensure accuracy and
relevance.

Drug Classifications (20 Questions)
Question 1
Which medication is classified as a loop diuretic?
A) Hydrochlorothiazide
B) Furosemide
C) Spironolactone
D) Mannitol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:

 A: Incorrect. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic, acting on the distal convoluted
tubule.
 B: Correct. Furosemide is a loop diuretic, inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in
the loop of Henle ().
 C: Incorrect. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic.
 D: Incorrect. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic.

Question 2
A patient is prescribed a beta-adrenergic blocker. Which medication belongs to this class?
A) Metoprolol
B) Amlodipine
C) Losartan
D) Hydralazine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:

,  A: Correct. Metoprolol is a selective beta-1 adrenergic blocker used for hypertension and
heart failure ().
 B: Incorrect. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker.
 C: Incorrect. Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB).
 D: Incorrect. Hydralazine is a direct vasodilator.

Question 3
Which medication is classified as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)?
A) Amitriptyline
B) Sertraline
C) Phenelzine
D) Bupropion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:

 A: Incorrect. Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA).
 B: Correct. Sertraline is an SSRI used for depression and anxiety ().
 C: Incorrect. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).
 D: Incorrect. Bupropion is an atypical antidepressant.

Question 4
A patient with epilepsy is prescribed an anticonvulsant. Which medication belongs to this class?
A) Levetiracetam
B) Fluoxetine
C) Gabapentin
D) Risperidone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:

 A: Correct. Levetiracetam is an anticonvulsant used for seizure control ().
 B: Incorrect. Fluoxetine is an SSRI for depression.
 C: Incorrect. Gabapentin is used for neuropathic pain and as an adjunct for seizures, not a
primary anticonvulsant.
 D: Incorrect. Risperidone is an antipsychotic.

Question 5
Which medication is classified as an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor?
A) Lisinopril
B) Losartan
C) Amlodipine
D) Atenolol
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:

 A: Correct. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used for hypertension and heart failure ().
 B: Incorrect. Losartan is an ARB.

,  C: Incorrect. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker.
 D: Incorrect. Atenolol is a beta-blocker.

Question 6
A patient is prescribed a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Which medication belongs to this class?
A) Omeprazole
B) Ranitidine
C) Sucralfate
D) Metoclopramide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:

 A: Correct. Omeprazole is a PPI that reduces gastric acid production ().
 B: Incorrect. Ranitidine is an H2 receptor blocker.
 C: Incorrect. Sucralfate is a mucosal protectant.
 D: Incorrect. Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent.

Question 7
Which medication is classified as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)?
A) Ibuprofen
B) Acetaminophen
C) Prednisone
D) Tramadol
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:

 A: Correct. Ibuprofen is an NSAID used for pain and inflammation ().
 B: Incorrect. Acetaminophen is an analgesic but not an NSAID.
 C: Incorrect. Prednisone is a corticosteroid.
 D: Incorrect. Tramadol is an opioid analgesic.

Question 8
A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed a sulfonylurea. Which medication belongs to this
class?
A) Metformin
B) Glipizide
C) Sitagliptin
D) Insulin glargine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:

 A: Incorrect. Metformin is a biguanide.
 B: Correct. Glipizide is a sulfonylurea that stimulates insulin release ().
 C: Incorrect. Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor.
 D: Incorrect. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin.

, Question 9
Which medication is classified as a fluoroquinolone antibiotic?
A) Ciprofloxacin
B) Amoxicillin
C) Azithromycin
D) Doxycycline
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:

 A: Correct. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone used for bacterial infections ().
 B: Incorrect. Amoxicillin is a penicillin antibiotic.
 C: Incorrect. Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic.
 D: Incorrect. Doxycycline is a tetracycline antibiotic.

Question 10
A patient is prescribed an anticoagulant. Which medication belongs to this class?
A) Apixaban
B) Clopidogrel
C) Aspirin
D) Tamsulosin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:

 A: Correct. Apixaban is a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) ().
 B: Incorrect. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet agent.
 C: Incorrect. Aspirin is an antiplatelet, not a true anticoagulant.
 D: Incorrect. Tamsulosin is an alpha-blocker.

Question 11
Which medication is classified as a calcium channel blocker?
A) Amlodipine
B) Metoprolol
C) Lisinopril
D) Spironolactone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:

 A: Correct. Amlodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker ().
 B: Incorrect. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker.
 C: Incorrect. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor.
 D: Incorrect. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic.

Question 12
A patient with asthma is prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid. Which medication belongs to this
class?
A) Fluticasone