Final Exam (BCH 330) questions with verified answers

Final Exam (BCH 330) questions with verified answers
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1.The purpose of |\ |\ |\ is to study equilibria which are characterized
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using |\ : Thermodynamics, equilibrium
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constants

2. is concerned with the rates of processes. The
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|\ equation is used to characterize the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions in
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biochemical systems.: Kinetics, Michaelis-Menten |\ |\ |\




3. studies what drives reactions and processes |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




at the molecular level.: Statistical mechanics
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4.The |\ ( ) is a
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|\ measurement of the affinity of a proton for the conjugate base molecule.: -
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acid-base dissociation equilibrium constant (pKa)
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5.The term Q is called the
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: mass action coefficient, partition coefficient
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6. ”G0' is the |\ |\ |\ , and ”G is the actual
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free energy. It is a perturbation to the poise/balance of the participants in an
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1 |\/ |\54

,|\ equilibrium.: standard state free energy |\ |\ |\ |\




7.One must take |\ |\ |\ into account in order to use ”G
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informa- tion to understand the energetic progression of, for example, the
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glycolysis pathway.: mass action |\ |\ |\




8.In the |\ |\ , enthalpic and entropic energies contribute to the
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net free energy of stabilization of globular proteins.: hydrophobic effect
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9.Formation of the maximal density of hydrogen bonds among waters in |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




the external solvent network leads to a large advantage in terms of gained
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energy, which offsets the contribution to Gibbs free energy of
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, which typically opposes folding.: enthalpic, entropy
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10.The |\ (D) is a shielding or dampening factor for VDW
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forces. Less repulsion and attraction occurs in H2O due to more effective
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dielectric shielding.: dielectric constant |\ |\ |\




11. can be smaller than the volume due to
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: Partial specific volume, electrostriction
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12.The H2O in the |\ |\ |\ |\ surrounding the protein has a larger |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




concentration than the bulk solution, so Vbar is smaller.: Donnan sphere |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




13.In an |\ |\ , the activity is proportional to the mole fraction
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of solute.: Ideal solution
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2 |\/ |\54

,14. |\ |\ depend on the concentration of the solute. Examples
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are freezing point depression and boiling point elevation.: Colligative
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properties

15.The |\ ()¼defines the concentration dependence of ”G.:
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Chemical potential|\




3 |\/ |\54

, 16.In the |\ |\ , water tries to dilute the counterions that are
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bound to the macromolecule. This makes the concentration of H2O higher
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near the molecule than in the bulk solution.: Donnan effect
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17. |\ |\ definitions and their equations are used to describe a |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




|\ derivative when one or more variables are held constant.: Partial
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differential

18. is a |\ |\ in an adiabatic container whose properties no
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longer change, or there is no change in
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state

19.Adding |\ changes the state and is conveyed by conduction, con-
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vection and radiation: Heat |\ |\ |\




20.The |\ is the amount of energy required to add a mole of
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molecules to the solution.: Chemical potential |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




21.The |\ (U) splits work into chemical and mechanical
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forms of work.: Internal energy|\ |\ |\ |\




22. (S) increases with time and reaches a maximum at equilibrium.-
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: Entropy |\




23.All systems tend toward more disorder, which is the state containing more
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