Adult Health NR 325 Exam 1 Questions With
Correct Answers
What |is |the |range |of |normal |blood |sugar? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-70-100 |mg/dL
What |is |the |purpose |of |giving |basal |insulin? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-to |regulate |blood |glucose
|levels |on |a |consistent |basis
What |are |the |3 |P's |of |Diabetes? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Polydipsia |
Polyuria
Polyphagia
Why |is |polyuria |seen |in |diabetes? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-because |your |body |is |trying |to |get |
rid |of |the |extra |glucose
Why |is |polydipsia |seen |in |diabetes? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-because |your |body |thinks |its |
dehydrated |from |all |the |urination
Why |is |polyphagia |seen |in |diabetes? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-polyphagia |means |super |hungry
People |with |diabetes |are |super |hungry |because |there |is |no |glucose |being |let |into |the |cells |
(which |is |what |is |needed |to |create |energy/ATP) |This |makes |the |body |think |that |it |needs |more |
glucose
What |are |some |signs |that |a |person |is |experiencing |diabetic |keto |acidosis? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔--kussmaul |respirations- |rapidly |blowing |off |excess |CO2
-altered |LOC |(may |seem |intoxicated)
-increased |potassium |(because |H+ |is |going |into |the |cell, |forcing |potassium |out |of |the |cell)
- |the |3 |P's
,- |sweet |fruity |smelling |breath
What |would |be |the |first |thing |you |would |do |for |someone |who |is |experiencing |DKA? |Then |
what |would |you |do? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-First |give |fluids |(isotonic- |NS |0.9%NaCl)
Then, |give |regular |insulin |by |IV.
*Note |that |Regular |insulin |is |the |ONLY |insulin |that |can |be |given |by |IV
What |kind |of |compensation |does |the |body |do |when |someone |is |experiencing |DKA? |why? |- |
CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-they |compensate |via |their |respiratory |system |(deep, |rapid |respirations)
|because |when |they |are |experiencing |DKA |they |are |in |metabolic |acidosis.
*This |compensation |occurs |rapidly |but, |is |not |extremely |effective |and |a |therapeutic |approach |
is |needed |to |help |the |problem
What |is |metformin |used |for? |what |is |its |MOA? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-It |is |used |in |diabetes |
and |it |decreases |hepatic |glucose |creation |and |increases |insulin |sensitivity
What |should |be |tried |before |metformin |therapy? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-lifestyle |changes
What |makes |insulin? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-beta |cells |in |the |pancreas
Stage |1 |of |DM |Type |I |is |AKA |____________________
How |long |does |this |stage |last? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-honeymoon |period |lasts |3-12 |months |
after |diagnosis |
It |is |known |as |the |honeymoon |period |because |only |a |small |amount |of |insulin |is |needed |
because |their |are |still |beta |cells |creating |insulin
, What |are |the |3 |stages |of |Type |I |DM |for? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-They |stand |for |beta |cell |
decline, |meaning |the |more |beta |cells |that |are |ruined, |the |less |insulin |is |being |produced |and |
then |the |more |insulin |is |needed |via |medication.
If |an |individuals |A1C |is |between |5.7%-6.4% |they |are |in |what |category |of |diabetes? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Pre-diabetes |because |this |is |elevated |but |not |high |enough |to |be |labeled |diabetes
What |does |A1C |measure? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-amount |of |glucose |on |hemoglobin |in |the |
blood
What |range |of |2 |Hr |GTT |(2-hour |glucose |tolerance |test) |is |considered |pre-diabetic? |- |CORRECT
|ANSWER✔✔-140-199 |mg/dL |because |this |is |elevated |but |not |high |enough |to |be |labeled |
diabetes
What |range |of |intermittent |fasting |glucose |is |pre-diabetic? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-100-125 |
mg/dL
What |are |the |ranges |for |A1C, |fasting |blood |glucose, |random |blood |glucose |and |2 |Hr |GTT |for |
someone |with |Type |II |DM? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A1C- |> |6.4
FBG- |>/= |126 |mg/dL
random |BG- |> |200 |mg/dL
2 |Hr |GTT- |>/= |200 |mg/dL
Why |is |high |fructose |corn |syrup |bad? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-it |tricks |the |brain |because |our |
body |cannot |process |it, |which |makes |you |crave |more |sugar |and |causes |weight |gain
Alcohol |blocks |____________________________ |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Gluconeogenesis |
causing |low |plasma |glucose |levels
Correct Answers
What |is |the |range |of |normal |blood |sugar? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-70-100 |mg/dL
What |is |the |purpose |of |giving |basal |insulin? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-to |regulate |blood |glucose
|levels |on |a |consistent |basis
What |are |the |3 |P's |of |Diabetes? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Polydipsia |
Polyuria
Polyphagia
Why |is |polyuria |seen |in |diabetes? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-because |your |body |is |trying |to |get |
rid |of |the |extra |glucose
Why |is |polydipsia |seen |in |diabetes? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-because |your |body |thinks |its |
dehydrated |from |all |the |urination
Why |is |polyphagia |seen |in |diabetes? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-polyphagia |means |super |hungry
People |with |diabetes |are |super |hungry |because |there |is |no |glucose |being |let |into |the |cells |
(which |is |what |is |needed |to |create |energy/ATP) |This |makes |the |body |think |that |it |needs |more |
glucose
What |are |some |signs |that |a |person |is |experiencing |diabetic |keto |acidosis? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔--kussmaul |respirations- |rapidly |blowing |off |excess |CO2
-altered |LOC |(may |seem |intoxicated)
-increased |potassium |(because |H+ |is |going |into |the |cell, |forcing |potassium |out |of |the |cell)
- |the |3 |P's
,- |sweet |fruity |smelling |breath
What |would |be |the |first |thing |you |would |do |for |someone |who |is |experiencing |DKA? |Then |
what |would |you |do? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-First |give |fluids |(isotonic- |NS |0.9%NaCl)
Then, |give |regular |insulin |by |IV.
*Note |that |Regular |insulin |is |the |ONLY |insulin |that |can |be |given |by |IV
What |kind |of |compensation |does |the |body |do |when |someone |is |experiencing |DKA? |why? |- |
CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-they |compensate |via |their |respiratory |system |(deep, |rapid |respirations)
|because |when |they |are |experiencing |DKA |they |are |in |metabolic |acidosis.
*This |compensation |occurs |rapidly |but, |is |not |extremely |effective |and |a |therapeutic |approach |
is |needed |to |help |the |problem
What |is |metformin |used |for? |what |is |its |MOA? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-It |is |used |in |diabetes |
and |it |decreases |hepatic |glucose |creation |and |increases |insulin |sensitivity
What |should |be |tried |before |metformin |therapy? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-lifestyle |changes
What |makes |insulin? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-beta |cells |in |the |pancreas
Stage |1 |of |DM |Type |I |is |AKA |____________________
How |long |does |this |stage |last? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-honeymoon |period |lasts |3-12 |months |
after |diagnosis |
It |is |known |as |the |honeymoon |period |because |only |a |small |amount |of |insulin |is |needed |
because |their |are |still |beta |cells |creating |insulin
, What |are |the |3 |stages |of |Type |I |DM |for? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-They |stand |for |beta |cell |
decline, |meaning |the |more |beta |cells |that |are |ruined, |the |less |insulin |is |being |produced |and |
then |the |more |insulin |is |needed |via |medication.
If |an |individuals |A1C |is |between |5.7%-6.4% |they |are |in |what |category |of |diabetes? |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-Pre-diabetes |because |this |is |elevated |but |not |high |enough |to |be |labeled |diabetes
What |does |A1C |measure? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-amount |of |glucose |on |hemoglobin |in |the |
blood
What |range |of |2 |Hr |GTT |(2-hour |glucose |tolerance |test) |is |considered |pre-diabetic? |- |CORRECT
|ANSWER✔✔-140-199 |mg/dL |because |this |is |elevated |but |not |high |enough |to |be |labeled |
diabetes
What |range |of |intermittent |fasting |glucose |is |pre-diabetic? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-100-125 |
mg/dL
What |are |the |ranges |for |A1C, |fasting |blood |glucose, |random |blood |glucose |and |2 |Hr |GTT |for |
someone |with |Type |II |DM? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A1C- |> |6.4
FBG- |>/= |126 |mg/dL
random |BG- |> |200 |mg/dL
2 |Hr |GTT- |>/= |200 |mg/dL
Why |is |high |fructose |corn |syrup |bad? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-it |tricks |the |brain |because |our |
body |cannot |process |it, |which |makes |you |crave |more |sugar |and |causes |weight |gain
Alcohol |blocks |____________________________ |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Gluconeogenesis |
causing |low |plasma |glucose |levels
