AANP Nurse Practitioner Certification Exam
1.primary lesion: lesion that develops on previously unaltered skin
2.lesion: a region in an organ or tissue that has suffered damage
thru injury or disease
3.secondary lesion: lesion that either changes impression over time
or occurs when a primary lesion is scratched it may be infected
4.macule: circumscribed flat area; different color and texture from
surrounding tissue, <1cm
ex.) ephelides (freckles), petechia, flat nevi (moles)
5.patch: a large macule; >1cm
ex.) mongolian spot, Cafe, au lair spot
6.papule: Small solid elevated lesion; <1cm
ex.) bug bite, elevated nevus (mole) or verruca (wart)
7.plaque: elevation of skin; >1cm; example psoriasis lesion
8.pustule: a visible accumulation of purulent fluid under skin; <1cm;
examples acne and impetigo
9.vesicle: a circumscribed elevation of skin contains "SEROUS FLUID:
<1cm; examples, herpes simples, varicella, shingles
10.nodule: solid mass of skin, is elevated or palpated >1cm; often
extends deeper into dermis: examples xanthoma and fibroma
11.bulla: blister, circumscribed elevation containing fluid >1cm ,
extends only into epidermis, examples burns, superficial blister,
contact dermatitis
,12.wheal: elevated white or pink compressible papule or plaque, a red,
axon-me- diated flare often surround it, commonly associated with
allergic reaction, examples PPD test and mosquito bites
13.cyst: any closed cavity or sac; contains fluid or semisolid material,
normal or abnormal epithelium. example sebaceous cyst
14.Abscess: a localized collection of purulent fluid in a cavity formed by
disintegra- tion or necrosis of tissues >1cm
15.tumor: "MASS: > few cm in diameter; firm or soft; benign or malignan
16.configuration: annular: circular, begins in center and spreads to
periphery
17.configuration: confluent: lesions run together
18.configuration: grouped: lesion cluster
19.configuration: gyrate: twisted, coiled, spiral and snake like
20.configuration: linear: scratch, streak, line stripe
21.configuration: polycyclic: annular lesions merge
22.configuration: solitary or discrete: individual and distinct lesions that
remain separate
23.configuration: target (iris): resembles iris of eye; lesion with
concentric rings of color
24.configuration: zosteriform: linear arrangement along nerve route
25.comedones: open are called black heads (openings capped with a
blackened skin debris); and closed are called white head (obstructed)
26.acne: can be comedones, pustules, papules (pimples and zits), cysts,
nodules and scaring
27.nonpharmacological management of acne: wash several times daily
, with soap and water; avoid topical oil based; use oil free cleansers
and moisterizers
28.pharmacological management of acne: comedolytic agents: benzoyl
perox- ice, salicylic acid, topical antibiotics (clindamycin, erythromycin,
tetracycline and metronidazole for rosacea). May consider oral
antibiotics and oral contraceptives
29.folliculitis: inflammation of hair follicle; common cause staphylococci
30.furuncle: "boil" localized infection in hair follicle, caused by staph
31.carbuncle: >furuncle; may be necrotizing, staph
32.cellulitis: most common causes: out patients strep ; inpatient:
gram negative (ecoli, klebsiels, psuedomonsa, enterbacter, staph
aureus and strep
33.MRSA: trimethoprm-sulfamethoxazole (bactrim); doxy, clindamycin
34.group a strep: bactrim + beta lactam (PCN, amoxicillin , keflex) or
doxy/inocy- cline +beta lactam or clindamycin
35.erysipelas: usually caused by strep, rapid progression of an
erythematous, warm indurated area (looks like sunburn,)
36.hidradenitis supparativa: staph infection common in groin or axilla ;
abscess formation common
37.impetigo: usually caused by staph, primary lesion is thin walled
vesicle that breaks easily and honey colored crust at edge; satelite
lesions appear and spread to remote areas of skin
38.paronychia: staph around nail fold
39.candida balanitis: inflammation of superficial tissues of penile head
caused by candida albicans : managed by steroids, miconazole,
1.primary lesion: lesion that develops on previously unaltered skin
2.lesion: a region in an organ or tissue that has suffered damage
thru injury or disease
3.secondary lesion: lesion that either changes impression over time
or occurs when a primary lesion is scratched it may be infected
4.macule: circumscribed flat area; different color and texture from
surrounding tissue, <1cm
ex.) ephelides (freckles), petechia, flat nevi (moles)
5.patch: a large macule; >1cm
ex.) mongolian spot, Cafe, au lair spot
6.papule: Small solid elevated lesion; <1cm
ex.) bug bite, elevated nevus (mole) or verruca (wart)
7.plaque: elevation of skin; >1cm; example psoriasis lesion
8.pustule: a visible accumulation of purulent fluid under skin; <1cm;
examples acne and impetigo
9.vesicle: a circumscribed elevation of skin contains "SEROUS FLUID:
<1cm; examples, herpes simples, varicella, shingles
10.nodule: solid mass of skin, is elevated or palpated >1cm; often
extends deeper into dermis: examples xanthoma and fibroma
11.bulla: blister, circumscribed elevation containing fluid >1cm ,
extends only into epidermis, examples burns, superficial blister,
contact dermatitis
,12.wheal: elevated white or pink compressible papule or plaque, a red,
axon-me- diated flare often surround it, commonly associated with
allergic reaction, examples PPD test and mosquito bites
13.cyst: any closed cavity or sac; contains fluid or semisolid material,
normal or abnormal epithelium. example sebaceous cyst
14.Abscess: a localized collection of purulent fluid in a cavity formed by
disintegra- tion or necrosis of tissues >1cm
15.tumor: "MASS: > few cm in diameter; firm or soft; benign or malignan
16.configuration: annular: circular, begins in center and spreads to
periphery
17.configuration: confluent: lesions run together
18.configuration: grouped: lesion cluster
19.configuration: gyrate: twisted, coiled, spiral and snake like
20.configuration: linear: scratch, streak, line stripe
21.configuration: polycyclic: annular lesions merge
22.configuration: solitary or discrete: individual and distinct lesions that
remain separate
23.configuration: target (iris): resembles iris of eye; lesion with
concentric rings of color
24.configuration: zosteriform: linear arrangement along nerve route
25.comedones: open are called black heads (openings capped with a
blackened skin debris); and closed are called white head (obstructed)
26.acne: can be comedones, pustules, papules (pimples and zits), cysts,
nodules and scaring
27.nonpharmacological management of acne: wash several times daily
, with soap and water; avoid topical oil based; use oil free cleansers
and moisterizers
28.pharmacological management of acne: comedolytic agents: benzoyl
perox- ice, salicylic acid, topical antibiotics (clindamycin, erythromycin,
tetracycline and metronidazole for rosacea). May consider oral
antibiotics and oral contraceptives
29.folliculitis: inflammation of hair follicle; common cause staphylococci
30.furuncle: "boil" localized infection in hair follicle, caused by staph
31.carbuncle: >furuncle; may be necrotizing, staph
32.cellulitis: most common causes: out patients strep ; inpatient:
gram negative (ecoli, klebsiels, psuedomonsa, enterbacter, staph
aureus and strep
33.MRSA: trimethoprm-sulfamethoxazole (bactrim); doxy, clindamycin
34.group a strep: bactrim + beta lactam (PCN, amoxicillin , keflex) or
doxy/inocy- cline +beta lactam or clindamycin
35.erysipelas: usually caused by strep, rapid progression of an
erythematous, warm indurated area (looks like sunburn,)
36.hidradenitis supparativa: staph infection common in groin or axilla ;
abscess formation common
37.impetigo: usually caused by staph, primary lesion is thin walled
vesicle that breaks easily and honey colored crust at edge; satelite
lesions appear and spread to remote areas of skin
38.paronychia: staph around nail fold
39.candida balanitis: inflammation of superficial tissues of penile head
caused by candida albicans : managed by steroids, miconazole,
