KATZUNG AND TREVOR’S PHARMACOLOGY
EXAMINATION AND BOARD REVIEW BY ANTHONY J. TR
BERTRAM G.KATZ SUSAN. B 9TH EDITION
,TABLE OF CONTENT
AUTHORS PREFACE CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2. PHARMACODYNAMICS
CHAPTER 3. PHARMACOKINETICS CHAPTER 4. DRUG METABOLISM
CHAPTER 5. DRUG EVALUATION AND REGULATION CHAPTER 6. INTRODUCTION TO AUTONOMIC
PHARMACOLOGY
CHAPTER 7. CHOLINOCEPTOR-ACTIVATING AND CHOLINESTERASE-INHIBITING DRUGS CHAPTER 8.
CHOLINOCEPTOR BLOCKERS AND CHOLINESTERASE REGENERATORS CHAPTER 9. SYMPATHOMIMETICS
CHAPTER 10. ADRENOCEPTOR BLOCKERS CHAPTER 11. DRUGS USED IN HYPERTENSION
CHAPTER 12. DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF ANGINA PECTORIS CHAPTER 13. DRUGS USED IN
HEART FAILURE
CHAPTER 14. ANTIARRHYTHMIC DRUGS CHAPTER 15. DIURETIC AGENTS
CHAPTER 16. HISTAMINE, SEROTONIN, AND THE ERGOT ALKALOIDS CHAPTER 17. VASOACTIVE
PEPTIDES
CHAPTER 18. PROSTAGLANDINS AND OTHER EICOSANOIDS CHAPTER 19. NITRIC OXIDE, DONORS, AND
INHIBITORS
CHAPTER 20. BRONCHODILATORS AND OTHER DRUGS USED IN ASTHMA CHAPTER 21. INTRODUCTION
TO CNS PHARMACOLOGY
CHAPTER 22. SEDATIVE-HYPNOTIC DRUGS CHAPTER 23. ALCOHOLS
CHAPTER 24. ANTISEIZURE DRUGS CHAPTER 25. GENERAL ANESTHETICS CHAPTER 26. LOCAL
ANESTHETICS CHAPTER 27. SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXANTS
CHAPTER 28. DRUGS USED IN PARKINSONISM AND OTHER MOVEMENT DISORDERS CHAPTER
29. ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS AND LITHIUM CHAPTER 30. ANTIDEPRESSANTS
CHAPTER 31. OPIOID ANALGESICS AND ANTAGONISTS CHAPTER 32. DRUGS OF ABUSE
CHAPTER 33. AGENTS USED IN ANEMIAS AND HEMATOPOIETIC GROWTH FACTORS CHAPTER
34. DRUGS USED IN COAGULATION DISORDERS
CHAPTER 35. DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF HYPERLIPIDEMIAS
CHAPTER 36. NSAIDS, ACETAMINOPHEN, AND DRUGS USED IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND GOUT
CHAPTER 37. HYPOTHALAMIC AND PITUITARY HORMONES
,CHAPTER 38. THYROID AND ANTITHYROID DRUGS
CHAPTER 39. CORTICOSTEROIDS AND ANTAGONISTS CHAPTER 40. GONADAL HORMONES AND
INHIBITORS
CHAPTER 41. PANCREATIC HORMONES, ANTIDIABETIC AGENTS, AND GLUCAGON CHAPTER
42. DRUGS THAT AFFECT BONE MINERAL HOMEOSTASIS
CHAPTER 43. BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS AND OTHER CELL WALL SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS CHAPTER 44.
CHLORAMPHENICOL, TETRACYCLINES, MACROLIDES, CLINDAMYCIN, STREPTOGRAMINS, AND
LINEZOLID
CHAPTER 45. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
CHAPTER 46. SULFONAMIDES, TRIMETHOPRIM, AND FLUOROQUINOLONES CHAPTER 47.
ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL DRUGS
CHAPTER 48. ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS
CHAPTER 49. ANTIVIRAL CHEMOTHERAPY AND PROPHYLAXIS
CHAPTER 50. MISCELLANEOUS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND URINARY ANTISEPTICS CHAPTER
51. CLINICAL USE OF ANTIMICROBIALS
CHAPTER 52. ANTIPROTOZOAL DRUGS CHAPTER 53. ANTIHELMINTHIC DRUGS CHAPTER 54. CANCER
CHEMOTHERAPY CHAPTER 55. IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
APPENDIX I. KEY WORDS FOR KEY DRUGS
APPENDIX IV. STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING TEST PERFORMANCE CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS:
OVERVIEW APPENDIX IV. STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING TEST PERFORMANCE
AUTHORS ANTHONY J. TREVOR, PHD
PROFESSOR EMERITUS OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF CELLULAR &
MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
BERTRAM G. KATZUNG, MD, PHD PROFESSOR EMERITUS OF PHARMACOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF CELLULAR & MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN
FRANCISCO SUSAN B. MASTERS, PHD
, PROFESSOR & ACADEMY CHAIR OF PHARMACOLOGY EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF CELLULAR &
MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
PREFACE
THIS BOOK IS DESIGNED TO HELP STUDENTS REVIEW PHARMACOLOGY AND TO PREPARE FOR BOTH
REGULAR COURSE EXAMINATIONS AND BOARD EXAMINATIONS. THE NINTH EDITION HAS BEEN
EXTENSIVELY REVISED TO MAKE SUCH PREPARATION AS ACTIVE AND EFFICIENT AS POSSIBLE. AS WITH
EARLIER EDITIONS, RIGOROUS STANDARDS OF ACCURACY AND CURRENCY HAVE BEEN MAINTAINED
IN KEEPING WITH THE BOOK'S STATUS AS THE COMPANION TO THE BASIC & CLINICAL
PHARMACOLOGY TEXTBOOK. THIS REVIEW BOOK DIVIDES PHARMACOLOGY INTO THE TOPICS USED IN
MOST COURSES AND TEXTBOOKS. MAJOR INTRODUCTORY CHAPTERS (EG, AUTONOMIC
PHARMACOLOGY AND CNS PHARMACOLOGY) ARE INCLUDED FOR INTEGRATION WITH RELEVANT
PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY. THE CHAPTER- BASED APPROACH FACILITATES USE OF THIS BOOK
IN CONJUNCTION WITH COURSE NOTES OR A LARGER TEXT. WE RECOMMEND SEVERAL STRATEGIES
TO MAKE REVIEWING MORE EFFECTIVE.
FIRST, EACH CHAPTER HAS A SHORT DISCUSSION OF THE MAJOR CONCEPTS THAT UNDERLIE ITS BASIC
PRINCIPLES OR DRUG GROUP, ACCOMPANIED BY EXPLANATORY FIGURES AND TABLES. THE FIGURES
ARE NOW IN FULL COLOR AND MANY ARE NEW TO THIS EDITION. READ THE TEXT THOROUGHLY
BEFORE YOU ATTEMPT TO ANSWER THE STUDY QUESTIONS AT THE
BACK OF EACH CHAPTER. IF YOU FIND A CONCEPT DIFFICULT OR CONFUSING, CONSULT A REGULAR
TEXTBOOK, SUCH AS BASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY.
SECOND, EACH DRUG-ORIENTED CHAPTER OPENS WITH A "DRUG TREE" THAT ORGANIZES THE GROUP
OF DRUGS VISUALLY. YOU SHOULD PRACTICE REPRODUCING THE DRUG TREE DIAGRAM FROM
MEMORY.
THIRD, A LIST OF HIGH-YIELD TERMS TO LEARN AND THEIR DEFINITIONS IS NEAR THE FRONT OF MOST
CHAPTERS. MAKE SURE THAT YOU CAN DEFINE THOSE TERMS.
FOURTH, MANY CHAPTERS CONTAIN A "SKILL KEEPER" QUESTION THAT PROMPTS YOU TO REVIEW
PREVIOUS MATERIAL AND TO SEE LINKS BETWEEN RELATED TOPICS. TRY TO ANSWER THE SKILL
KEEPER QUESTIONS ON YOUR OWN BEFORE CHECKING THE SKILL KEEPER ANSWERS THAT ARE
PROVIDED AT THE END OF THE CHAPTER.
FIFTH, EACH CHAPTER CONTAINS SAMPLE QUESTIONS FOLLOWED BY A SET OF ANSWERS WITH
EXPLANATIONS. FOR MOST EFFECTIVE LEARNING, TAKE EACH SET OF SAMPLE QUESTIONS AS IF IT
WERE A REAL EXAMINATION. AFTER YOU HAVE ANSWERED EVERY QUESTION, WORK THROUGH THE
ANSWERS. WHEN YOU ARE ANALYZING THE ANSWERS, MAKE SURE THAT YOU UNDERSTAND WHY
EACH CHOICE IS EITHER CORRECT OR INCORRECT.
EXAMINATION AND BOARD REVIEW BY ANTHONY J. TR
BERTRAM G.KATZ SUSAN. B 9TH EDITION
,TABLE OF CONTENT
AUTHORS PREFACE CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2. PHARMACODYNAMICS
CHAPTER 3. PHARMACOKINETICS CHAPTER 4. DRUG METABOLISM
CHAPTER 5. DRUG EVALUATION AND REGULATION CHAPTER 6. INTRODUCTION TO AUTONOMIC
PHARMACOLOGY
CHAPTER 7. CHOLINOCEPTOR-ACTIVATING AND CHOLINESTERASE-INHIBITING DRUGS CHAPTER 8.
CHOLINOCEPTOR BLOCKERS AND CHOLINESTERASE REGENERATORS CHAPTER 9. SYMPATHOMIMETICS
CHAPTER 10. ADRENOCEPTOR BLOCKERS CHAPTER 11. DRUGS USED IN HYPERTENSION
CHAPTER 12. DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF ANGINA PECTORIS CHAPTER 13. DRUGS USED IN
HEART FAILURE
CHAPTER 14. ANTIARRHYTHMIC DRUGS CHAPTER 15. DIURETIC AGENTS
CHAPTER 16. HISTAMINE, SEROTONIN, AND THE ERGOT ALKALOIDS CHAPTER 17. VASOACTIVE
PEPTIDES
CHAPTER 18. PROSTAGLANDINS AND OTHER EICOSANOIDS CHAPTER 19. NITRIC OXIDE, DONORS, AND
INHIBITORS
CHAPTER 20. BRONCHODILATORS AND OTHER DRUGS USED IN ASTHMA CHAPTER 21. INTRODUCTION
TO CNS PHARMACOLOGY
CHAPTER 22. SEDATIVE-HYPNOTIC DRUGS CHAPTER 23. ALCOHOLS
CHAPTER 24. ANTISEIZURE DRUGS CHAPTER 25. GENERAL ANESTHETICS CHAPTER 26. LOCAL
ANESTHETICS CHAPTER 27. SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXANTS
CHAPTER 28. DRUGS USED IN PARKINSONISM AND OTHER MOVEMENT DISORDERS CHAPTER
29. ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS AND LITHIUM CHAPTER 30. ANTIDEPRESSANTS
CHAPTER 31. OPIOID ANALGESICS AND ANTAGONISTS CHAPTER 32. DRUGS OF ABUSE
CHAPTER 33. AGENTS USED IN ANEMIAS AND HEMATOPOIETIC GROWTH FACTORS CHAPTER
34. DRUGS USED IN COAGULATION DISORDERS
CHAPTER 35. DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF HYPERLIPIDEMIAS
CHAPTER 36. NSAIDS, ACETAMINOPHEN, AND DRUGS USED IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND GOUT
CHAPTER 37. HYPOTHALAMIC AND PITUITARY HORMONES
,CHAPTER 38. THYROID AND ANTITHYROID DRUGS
CHAPTER 39. CORTICOSTEROIDS AND ANTAGONISTS CHAPTER 40. GONADAL HORMONES AND
INHIBITORS
CHAPTER 41. PANCREATIC HORMONES, ANTIDIABETIC AGENTS, AND GLUCAGON CHAPTER
42. DRUGS THAT AFFECT BONE MINERAL HOMEOSTASIS
CHAPTER 43. BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS AND OTHER CELL WALL SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS CHAPTER 44.
CHLORAMPHENICOL, TETRACYCLINES, MACROLIDES, CLINDAMYCIN, STREPTOGRAMINS, AND
LINEZOLID
CHAPTER 45. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
CHAPTER 46. SULFONAMIDES, TRIMETHOPRIM, AND FLUOROQUINOLONES CHAPTER 47.
ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL DRUGS
CHAPTER 48. ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS
CHAPTER 49. ANTIVIRAL CHEMOTHERAPY AND PROPHYLAXIS
CHAPTER 50. MISCELLANEOUS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND URINARY ANTISEPTICS CHAPTER
51. CLINICAL USE OF ANTIMICROBIALS
CHAPTER 52. ANTIPROTOZOAL DRUGS CHAPTER 53. ANTIHELMINTHIC DRUGS CHAPTER 54. CANCER
CHEMOTHERAPY CHAPTER 55. IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
APPENDIX I. KEY WORDS FOR KEY DRUGS
APPENDIX IV. STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING TEST PERFORMANCE CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS:
OVERVIEW APPENDIX IV. STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING TEST PERFORMANCE
AUTHORS ANTHONY J. TREVOR, PHD
PROFESSOR EMERITUS OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF CELLULAR &
MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
BERTRAM G. KATZUNG, MD, PHD PROFESSOR EMERITUS OF PHARMACOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF CELLULAR & MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN
FRANCISCO SUSAN B. MASTERS, PHD
, PROFESSOR & ACADEMY CHAIR OF PHARMACOLOGY EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF CELLULAR &
MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
PREFACE
THIS BOOK IS DESIGNED TO HELP STUDENTS REVIEW PHARMACOLOGY AND TO PREPARE FOR BOTH
REGULAR COURSE EXAMINATIONS AND BOARD EXAMINATIONS. THE NINTH EDITION HAS BEEN
EXTENSIVELY REVISED TO MAKE SUCH PREPARATION AS ACTIVE AND EFFICIENT AS POSSIBLE. AS WITH
EARLIER EDITIONS, RIGOROUS STANDARDS OF ACCURACY AND CURRENCY HAVE BEEN MAINTAINED
IN KEEPING WITH THE BOOK'S STATUS AS THE COMPANION TO THE BASIC & CLINICAL
PHARMACOLOGY TEXTBOOK. THIS REVIEW BOOK DIVIDES PHARMACOLOGY INTO THE TOPICS USED IN
MOST COURSES AND TEXTBOOKS. MAJOR INTRODUCTORY CHAPTERS (EG, AUTONOMIC
PHARMACOLOGY AND CNS PHARMACOLOGY) ARE INCLUDED FOR INTEGRATION WITH RELEVANT
PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY. THE CHAPTER- BASED APPROACH FACILITATES USE OF THIS BOOK
IN CONJUNCTION WITH COURSE NOTES OR A LARGER TEXT. WE RECOMMEND SEVERAL STRATEGIES
TO MAKE REVIEWING MORE EFFECTIVE.
FIRST, EACH CHAPTER HAS A SHORT DISCUSSION OF THE MAJOR CONCEPTS THAT UNDERLIE ITS BASIC
PRINCIPLES OR DRUG GROUP, ACCOMPANIED BY EXPLANATORY FIGURES AND TABLES. THE FIGURES
ARE NOW IN FULL COLOR AND MANY ARE NEW TO THIS EDITION. READ THE TEXT THOROUGHLY
BEFORE YOU ATTEMPT TO ANSWER THE STUDY QUESTIONS AT THE
BACK OF EACH CHAPTER. IF YOU FIND A CONCEPT DIFFICULT OR CONFUSING, CONSULT A REGULAR
TEXTBOOK, SUCH AS BASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY.
SECOND, EACH DRUG-ORIENTED CHAPTER OPENS WITH A "DRUG TREE" THAT ORGANIZES THE GROUP
OF DRUGS VISUALLY. YOU SHOULD PRACTICE REPRODUCING THE DRUG TREE DIAGRAM FROM
MEMORY.
THIRD, A LIST OF HIGH-YIELD TERMS TO LEARN AND THEIR DEFINITIONS IS NEAR THE FRONT OF MOST
CHAPTERS. MAKE SURE THAT YOU CAN DEFINE THOSE TERMS.
FOURTH, MANY CHAPTERS CONTAIN A "SKILL KEEPER" QUESTION THAT PROMPTS YOU TO REVIEW
PREVIOUS MATERIAL AND TO SEE LINKS BETWEEN RELATED TOPICS. TRY TO ANSWER THE SKILL
KEEPER QUESTIONS ON YOUR OWN BEFORE CHECKING THE SKILL KEEPER ANSWERS THAT ARE
PROVIDED AT THE END OF THE CHAPTER.
FIFTH, EACH CHAPTER CONTAINS SAMPLE QUESTIONS FOLLOWED BY A SET OF ANSWERS WITH
EXPLANATIONS. FOR MOST EFFECTIVE LEARNING, TAKE EACH SET OF SAMPLE QUESTIONS AS IF IT
WERE A REAL EXAMINATION. AFTER YOU HAVE ANSWERED EVERY QUESTION, WORK THROUGH THE
ANSWERS. WHEN YOU ARE ANALYZING THE ANSWERS, MAKE SURE THAT YOU UNDERSTAND WHY
EACH CHOICE IS EITHER CORRECT OR INCORRECT.
