BIO 201 LECTURE EXAM 1 WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
How are anatomy and physiology related? correct answers >>
Anatomy is the study of the internal and external parts of the
body.
Physiology is how living organisms perform their vital functions.
List and describe the specialties of anatomy. correct answers
>> Gross anatomy/macroscopic anatomy examines large,
visible structures:
-surface anatomy: exterior feat.
-regional anatomy: body areas
Systematic anatomy: groups of organs working together (skeletal
system)
-Developmental anatomy:from egg to maturity
-clinical anatomy: medical specialties(surgical anatomy)
Microscopic anatomy examines cells and molecules:
-cytology: cells and their structures
-histology: tissues and their structures
List and describe the specialties of physiology correct answers
>> -Cell physiology: processes within and between cells
,-Organ physiology: functions of specific
-Systemic physiology: functions of an organ system
-Pathological physiology: effects of diseases
Name the levels of structural organization that make up the
human body and explain how they're related. correct answers
>> Chemical-cellular-tissue-organ-system-organism.
Define metabolism. correct answers >> the chemical
reactions occurring in the cells and tissues of the body
Compare and contrast catabolism with anabolism. Use examples
to help understand the differences. correct answers >>
Catabolism: tearing down; decomposition of complex molecules
within the body's cells or tissues(breaking down glucose)
Anabolism: building up; synthesis of new molecules within the
body's cells or tissues
Define homeostasis and explain its importance correct
answers >> is the property of a system in which variables are
regulated so that internal conditions remain stable and relatively
constant.
Compare and contrast intrinsic and extrinsic regulation. Use
examples to help understand the difference correct answers
>> Intrinsic regulation: autoregulation
-levels decrease at a tissue
,Extrinsic regulation: more distant regulation
-during exercise
List and describe the three control systems involved in
maintaining homeostasis correct answers >> Receptor
(sensor)
-respond to changes in the environment
-sends info to control center
Control Center (intergrator)
-determines set point
-analyzes info
-determines appropriate response
Effector
-provides a means for response to the stimulus
Compare and contrast negative and positive feedback. Use
examples to help explain each. correct answers >> Negative
feedback:
-includes homeostatic control mechanisms
-shuts off the original stimulus, or reduces its intensity once
balance in the body is reached
Positive feedback:
-increases the original stimulus to push the variable farther
-in the body this only occurs in blood clotting and birth of a baby
, Describe a person in anatomical position correct answers >>
hands at sides
palms facing forward
feet together
on back
Define Anterior correct answers >> the front side
Define posterior correct answers >> the back side
Define lateral correct answers >> farther away from body
Define medial correct answers >> close to body
Define proximal correct answers >> closer to body-in terms
of arm would be shoulder
Define distal correct answers >> farther from body-in terms
of arm would be fingers
Define superficial correct answers >> toward or at the body
surface
Define deep correct answers >> away from the body surface
Define intermediate correct answers >> In between
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
How are anatomy and physiology related? correct answers >>
Anatomy is the study of the internal and external parts of the
body.
Physiology is how living organisms perform their vital functions.
List and describe the specialties of anatomy. correct answers
>> Gross anatomy/macroscopic anatomy examines large,
visible structures:
-surface anatomy: exterior feat.
-regional anatomy: body areas
Systematic anatomy: groups of organs working together (skeletal
system)
-Developmental anatomy:from egg to maturity
-clinical anatomy: medical specialties(surgical anatomy)
Microscopic anatomy examines cells and molecules:
-cytology: cells and their structures
-histology: tissues and their structures
List and describe the specialties of physiology correct answers
>> -Cell physiology: processes within and between cells
,-Organ physiology: functions of specific
-Systemic physiology: functions of an organ system
-Pathological physiology: effects of diseases
Name the levels of structural organization that make up the
human body and explain how they're related. correct answers
>> Chemical-cellular-tissue-organ-system-organism.
Define metabolism. correct answers >> the chemical
reactions occurring in the cells and tissues of the body
Compare and contrast catabolism with anabolism. Use examples
to help understand the differences. correct answers >>
Catabolism: tearing down; decomposition of complex molecules
within the body's cells or tissues(breaking down glucose)
Anabolism: building up; synthesis of new molecules within the
body's cells or tissues
Define homeostasis and explain its importance correct
answers >> is the property of a system in which variables are
regulated so that internal conditions remain stable and relatively
constant.
Compare and contrast intrinsic and extrinsic regulation. Use
examples to help understand the difference correct answers
>> Intrinsic regulation: autoregulation
-levels decrease at a tissue
,Extrinsic regulation: more distant regulation
-during exercise
List and describe the three control systems involved in
maintaining homeostasis correct answers >> Receptor
(sensor)
-respond to changes in the environment
-sends info to control center
Control Center (intergrator)
-determines set point
-analyzes info
-determines appropriate response
Effector
-provides a means for response to the stimulus
Compare and contrast negative and positive feedback. Use
examples to help explain each. correct answers >> Negative
feedback:
-includes homeostatic control mechanisms
-shuts off the original stimulus, or reduces its intensity once
balance in the body is reached
Positive feedback:
-increases the original stimulus to push the variable farther
-in the body this only occurs in blood clotting and birth of a baby
, Describe a person in anatomical position correct answers >>
hands at sides
palms facing forward
feet together
on back
Define Anterior correct answers >> the front side
Define posterior correct answers >> the back side
Define lateral correct answers >> farther away from body
Define medial correct answers >> close to body
Define proximal correct answers >> closer to body-in terms
of arm would be shoulder
Define distal correct answers >> farther from body-in terms
of arm would be fingers
Define superficial correct answers >> toward or at the body
surface
Define deep correct answers >> away from the body surface
Define intermediate correct answers >> In between
