NSG 6005 Week 9 Quiz 2025 – South
University | Actual Questions with
Verified Correct Answers | A+ Graded
Study Material
Question 1
Which of the following is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus?
A. Insulin glargine
B. Metformin
C. Sulfonylureas
D. DPP-4 inhibitors
Rationale: Metformin is the preferred initial pharmacologic agent for type 2 diabetes due to its
efficacy, safety profile, and low cost. It works by decreasing hepatic glucose production and
improving insulin sensitivity. Insulin, sulfonylureas, and DPP-4 inhibitors are typically used as
second-line or adjunctive therapies.
Question 2
A patient with type 1 diabetes is prescribed insulin lispro. When should this insulin be
administered?
A. 30–60 minutes before meals
B. Immediately before or after meals
C. Once daily at bedtime
D. Every 4 hours regardless of meals
Rationale: Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of action within 15 minutes. It
should be administered immediately before or shortly after meals to control postprandial glucose
spikes.
Question 3
, Which of the following is a common side effect of levothyroxine therapy?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Palpitations
C. Weight gain
D. Constipation
Rationale: Levothyroxine, used to treat hypothyroidism, can cause symptoms of
hyperthyroidism if overdosed, including palpitations, tachycardia, and nervousness.
Hypoglycemia is associated with diabetes medications, while weight gain and constipation are
symptoms of hypothyroidism, not levothyroxine side effects.
Question 4
What is the primary mechanism of action of sulfonylureas in managing type 2 diabetes?
A. Increase GLP-1 levels
B. Decrease hepatic glucose production
C. Stimulate insulin release from pancreatic beta cells
D. Inhibit sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2)
Rationale: Sulfonylureas (e.g., glipizide) stimulate insulin secretion by binding to ATP-sensitive
potassium channels on pancreatic beta cells, making them effective in type 2 diabetes but not in
type 1 diabetes where beta cells are dysfunctional.
Question 5
A patient with hyperthyroidism is prescribed methimazole. What is the primary purpose of this
medication?
A. Replace thyroid hormone
B. Inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis
C. Stimulate thyroid hormone release
D. Block iodine uptake in the thyroid
Rationale: Methimazole inhibits the enzyme thyroperoxidase, which is essential for thyroid
hormone synthesis, making it a first-line treatment for hyperthyroidism. It does not replace
hormones, stimulate release, or directly block iodine uptake.
Question 6
University | Actual Questions with
Verified Correct Answers | A+ Graded
Study Material
Question 1
Which of the following is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus?
A. Insulin glargine
B. Metformin
C. Sulfonylureas
D. DPP-4 inhibitors
Rationale: Metformin is the preferred initial pharmacologic agent for type 2 diabetes due to its
efficacy, safety profile, and low cost. It works by decreasing hepatic glucose production and
improving insulin sensitivity. Insulin, sulfonylureas, and DPP-4 inhibitors are typically used as
second-line or adjunctive therapies.
Question 2
A patient with type 1 diabetes is prescribed insulin lispro. When should this insulin be
administered?
A. 30–60 minutes before meals
B. Immediately before or after meals
C. Once daily at bedtime
D. Every 4 hours regardless of meals
Rationale: Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of action within 15 minutes. It
should be administered immediately before or shortly after meals to control postprandial glucose
spikes.
Question 3
, Which of the following is a common side effect of levothyroxine therapy?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Palpitations
C. Weight gain
D. Constipation
Rationale: Levothyroxine, used to treat hypothyroidism, can cause symptoms of
hyperthyroidism if overdosed, including palpitations, tachycardia, and nervousness.
Hypoglycemia is associated with diabetes medications, while weight gain and constipation are
symptoms of hypothyroidism, not levothyroxine side effects.
Question 4
What is the primary mechanism of action of sulfonylureas in managing type 2 diabetes?
A. Increase GLP-1 levels
B. Decrease hepatic glucose production
C. Stimulate insulin release from pancreatic beta cells
D. Inhibit sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2)
Rationale: Sulfonylureas (e.g., glipizide) stimulate insulin secretion by binding to ATP-sensitive
potassium channels on pancreatic beta cells, making them effective in type 2 diabetes but not in
type 1 diabetes where beta cells are dysfunctional.
Question 5
A patient with hyperthyroidism is prescribed methimazole. What is the primary purpose of this
medication?
A. Replace thyroid hormone
B. Inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis
C. Stimulate thyroid hormone release
D. Block iodine uptake in the thyroid
Rationale: Methimazole inhibits the enzyme thyroperoxidase, which is essential for thyroid
hormone synthesis, making it a first-line treatment for hyperthyroidism. It does not replace
hormones, stimulate release, or directly block iodine uptake.
Question 6
