BIO 250 EXAM 1 WITH ALL CORRECT & VERIFIED
ANSWERS (UPDATED TO PASS)
Ethology Correct answer-The scientific study of how animals behave, particularly in natural
environments.
Konrad Lorez Correct answer-studies imprinting with ducklings- a fixed action pattern
Niko Tinbergen Correct answer-measured strength of stimuli to elicit fixed action patterns
Mechanism (causation) Correct answer-What factors trigger a given behavior in an individual?
Adaptive value (function) Correct answer-Why is this behavior adaptive for the individual?
Ontogeny (development) Correct answer-How does a behavior develop and change over an
animal's lifetime?
Phylogeny (evolution) Correct answer-How has this behavior evolved and why does it differ
between species?
optimality theory Correct answer-predicts an animal should behave in a way that maximizes
benefits of a behavior minus its costs
Giving Up Density (GUD) Correct answer-the density of food items left in a food patch after being
exploited by a forager
optimal diet model Correct answer-predicts composition of diet that optimizes energy intake rate
given time required to find and handle foods
Prey profitability Correct answer-E/h
critical search time (CST) Correct answer-S1 > (E1*H2)/E2 - H1
Generalist Correct answer-S1>CST
Specialist Correct answer-S1<CST
marginal value theorem Correct answer-an optimal foraging model that predicts how long an
individual should exploit a food patch
optimal harvest rate Correct answer-H*=L*/(Tf*+Tt)
harvest rate Correct answer-H=L/Tb
Foraging bout Correct answer-Tb=Tt+Tf
expected payoff Correct answer-E= (Pwin*V)-(Plose*I)-D
Evolutionarily Stable Strategy (ESS) Correct answer-a strategy that, when used by most of the
population, is stable with respect to evolutionary changes; one resistant to invasion by a mutant
ANSWERS (UPDATED TO PASS)
Ethology Correct answer-The scientific study of how animals behave, particularly in natural
environments.
Konrad Lorez Correct answer-studies imprinting with ducklings- a fixed action pattern
Niko Tinbergen Correct answer-measured strength of stimuli to elicit fixed action patterns
Mechanism (causation) Correct answer-What factors trigger a given behavior in an individual?
Adaptive value (function) Correct answer-Why is this behavior adaptive for the individual?
Ontogeny (development) Correct answer-How does a behavior develop and change over an
animal's lifetime?
Phylogeny (evolution) Correct answer-How has this behavior evolved and why does it differ
between species?
optimality theory Correct answer-predicts an animal should behave in a way that maximizes
benefits of a behavior minus its costs
Giving Up Density (GUD) Correct answer-the density of food items left in a food patch after being
exploited by a forager
optimal diet model Correct answer-predicts composition of diet that optimizes energy intake rate
given time required to find and handle foods
Prey profitability Correct answer-E/h
critical search time (CST) Correct answer-S1 > (E1*H2)/E2 - H1
Generalist Correct answer-S1>CST
Specialist Correct answer-S1<CST
marginal value theorem Correct answer-an optimal foraging model that predicts how long an
individual should exploit a food patch
optimal harvest rate Correct answer-H*=L*/(Tf*+Tt)
harvest rate Correct answer-H=L/Tb
Foraging bout Correct answer-Tb=Tt+Tf
expected payoff Correct answer-E= (Pwin*V)-(Plose*I)-D
Evolutionarily Stable Strategy (ESS) Correct answer-a strategy that, when used by most of the
population, is stable with respect to evolutionary changes; one resistant to invasion by a mutant
