FUNDAMENTALS HESI EXAM 2025 LATEST TEST
BANK VERSION WITH REAL EXAM 350QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES/ HESI
FUNDAMENTALS EXAM (BRAND NEW!) WITH
MOST TESTED QUESTIONS
An elderly client fractured his hip as a result of a fall at home. Because of his extensive cardiac
history and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, surgery isn't an option. The client tells the nurse
he doesn't know how he's going to get better. Which response is best?
a) "You're doing fine."
b) "What is your biggest concern right now?"
c) "Give it some time and you'll be OK."
d) "You don't believe you're doing well?" - CORRECT ANSWER-b
Open-ended questions allow a client to control what he wants to discuss and help a nurse determine
care needs. Telling the client that he's fine or that he just needs more time doesn't encourage him to
verbalize his concerns. Reiterating the client's concerns may not encourage him to verbalize his
feelings
A student nurse requires additional teaching if which of the following factors is identified as
contributing to a client's Risk for infection?
a) Proper nutrient intake
b) Impairment of primary body system defenses
c) Chronic disease
d) Inadequate secondary defenses - CORRECT ANSWER-Proper nutrient intake
Explanation:
Malnutrition, rather than proper nutrient intake, would put the client at risk for infection.
Inadequate secondary defenses, impaired primary defenses, and chronic disease put the client at
risk by lowering the body's ability to fight infection.
The nurse assesses an older adult for signs of dehydration. Which findings would be consistent with
a diagnosis of dehydration?
a) orthostatic hypotension
b) moist crackles
,c) bounding pulse
d) shortness of breath - CORRECT ANSWER-orthostatic hypotension
Correct
Explanation:
Orthostatic hypotension or persistent hypotension is present in dehydration, as are poor skin turgor,
dry oral mucous membranes, and tachycardia. If the dehydration is severe, the client may also be
restless, confused, and thirsty.
Most instances of crackles is indicative of excess fluid volume, not dehydration.
Shortness of breath or a bounding pulse may be indicative of excess fluid, not dehydration.
The nurse is planning care with the parents of a child who requires continuous peritoneal dialysis.
Which finding should be discussed with the health care provider (HCP)?
a) The child reports having a previous surgery for a ruptured appendix.
b) The family lives a long distance from the medical facility.
c) The family feels the child cannot self-regulate to wake at night and change bags.
d) The child attends a large public school. - CORRECT ANSWER-The child reports having a
previous surgery for a ruptured appendix.
Explanation:
A client who has had a ruptured appendix may have peritoneal scarring that may alter the
effectiveness of treatment. Living a long distance from a medical facility is typically a reason to select
peritoneal dialysis. Attending a large school is not a problem, but the school nurse needs to be
included as part of the health care team. Typically the treatment schedule can be planned to allow
for uninterrupted sleep at night.
When teaching the client to care for an ileal conduit, the nurse instructs the client to empty the
appliance frequently. Which outcome indicates that the client is following instructions?
a) The skin around the stoma is red.
b) The seal around the stoma is intact.
c) There is no odor present.
d) The urine is a deep yellow. - CORRECT ANSWER-The seal around the stoma is intact.
Correct
Explanation:
,If the appliance becomes too full, it is likely to pull away from the skin completely or to leak urine
onto the skin; thus if the seal is intact, the client is emptying the appliance regularly. The skin around
the seal should not be red or irritated, which could indicate a leak. There will likely be an odor from
the urine. Deep yellow urine indicates that the client should be increasing fluid intake
The nurse works in an institution that expects nurses to initiate referrals to social or spiritual
resources. What might trigger a nurse to initiate such a referral? Select all that apply.
a) A client expressing a cultural concern.
b) Impending death.
c) A client requesting occupational therapy.
d) A client requesting time alone.
e) Family conferences - CORRECT ANSWER-Impending death.
• Family conferences.
• A client expressing a cultural concern.
Explanation:
Results that might trigger a consult include clients and families expressing social, cultural, or spiritual
concerns; death; receiving a terminal diagnosis; comfort care; family conferences; and crisis. A client
requesting time alone or occupational therapy would not usually trigger a social or spiritual referral.
The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of fluid resuscitation during the emergency period of burn
management. Which finding indicates that adequate fluid replacement has been achieved in the
client?
a) fluid intake less than urinary output
b) blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg
c) an increase in body weight
d) urine output greater than 35 mL/hou - CORRECT ANSWER-urine output greater than 35
mL/hour
Correct
Explanation:
A urine output of 30 to 50 mL/h indicates adequate fluid replacement in the client with burns. An
increase in body weight may indicate fluid retention. A urine output greater than fluid intake does
not represent a fluid balance. Depending on the client, blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg could
, indicate the presence of a hypovolemic state; by itself, it does not indicate adequate fluid
replacement.
When planning care for a group of clients, the nurse notes that which client is most susceptible to
infection?
a) a 6-year-old with a simple fracture of the femur
b) an 18-year-old with diabetes mellitus
c) an 86-year-old with burns from using a heating pad
d) a 42-year-old with a recent, uncomplicated appendectomy - CORRECT ANSWER-an 86-year-
old with burns from using a heating pad
Correct
Explanation:
The very young and the elderly are more susceptible to infection. An elderly client with a break in
skin integrity, such as the 86-year-old with a burn, is at an increased risk for infection.
The 6-year-old does not have a compound fracture (protruding through the skin) and is not at high
risk for infection.
A client with an appendectomy is at risk for infection of the surgical site but not as high a risk as the
client with burns.
While a client with diabetes is at risk for infection, this adolescent is not at high risk at this time.
When assessing if a procedural risk to a client is justified, the ethical principle underlying the
dilemma is known as which of the following?
a) Informed consent
b) Pro-choice
c) Nonmaleficence
d) Self-determination - CORRECT ANSWER-Nonmaleficence
Explanation:
BANK VERSION WITH REAL EXAM 350QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES/ HESI
FUNDAMENTALS EXAM (BRAND NEW!) WITH
MOST TESTED QUESTIONS
An elderly client fractured his hip as a result of a fall at home. Because of his extensive cardiac
history and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, surgery isn't an option. The client tells the nurse
he doesn't know how he's going to get better. Which response is best?
a) "You're doing fine."
b) "What is your biggest concern right now?"
c) "Give it some time and you'll be OK."
d) "You don't believe you're doing well?" - CORRECT ANSWER-b
Open-ended questions allow a client to control what he wants to discuss and help a nurse determine
care needs. Telling the client that he's fine or that he just needs more time doesn't encourage him to
verbalize his concerns. Reiterating the client's concerns may not encourage him to verbalize his
feelings
A student nurse requires additional teaching if which of the following factors is identified as
contributing to a client's Risk for infection?
a) Proper nutrient intake
b) Impairment of primary body system defenses
c) Chronic disease
d) Inadequate secondary defenses - CORRECT ANSWER-Proper nutrient intake
Explanation:
Malnutrition, rather than proper nutrient intake, would put the client at risk for infection.
Inadequate secondary defenses, impaired primary defenses, and chronic disease put the client at
risk by lowering the body's ability to fight infection.
The nurse assesses an older adult for signs of dehydration. Which findings would be consistent with
a diagnosis of dehydration?
a) orthostatic hypotension
b) moist crackles
,c) bounding pulse
d) shortness of breath - CORRECT ANSWER-orthostatic hypotension
Correct
Explanation:
Orthostatic hypotension or persistent hypotension is present in dehydration, as are poor skin turgor,
dry oral mucous membranes, and tachycardia. If the dehydration is severe, the client may also be
restless, confused, and thirsty.
Most instances of crackles is indicative of excess fluid volume, not dehydration.
Shortness of breath or a bounding pulse may be indicative of excess fluid, not dehydration.
The nurse is planning care with the parents of a child who requires continuous peritoneal dialysis.
Which finding should be discussed with the health care provider (HCP)?
a) The child reports having a previous surgery for a ruptured appendix.
b) The family lives a long distance from the medical facility.
c) The family feels the child cannot self-regulate to wake at night and change bags.
d) The child attends a large public school. - CORRECT ANSWER-The child reports having a
previous surgery for a ruptured appendix.
Explanation:
A client who has had a ruptured appendix may have peritoneal scarring that may alter the
effectiveness of treatment. Living a long distance from a medical facility is typically a reason to select
peritoneal dialysis. Attending a large school is not a problem, but the school nurse needs to be
included as part of the health care team. Typically the treatment schedule can be planned to allow
for uninterrupted sleep at night.
When teaching the client to care for an ileal conduit, the nurse instructs the client to empty the
appliance frequently. Which outcome indicates that the client is following instructions?
a) The skin around the stoma is red.
b) The seal around the stoma is intact.
c) There is no odor present.
d) The urine is a deep yellow. - CORRECT ANSWER-The seal around the stoma is intact.
Correct
Explanation:
,If the appliance becomes too full, it is likely to pull away from the skin completely or to leak urine
onto the skin; thus if the seal is intact, the client is emptying the appliance regularly. The skin around
the seal should not be red or irritated, which could indicate a leak. There will likely be an odor from
the urine. Deep yellow urine indicates that the client should be increasing fluid intake
The nurse works in an institution that expects nurses to initiate referrals to social or spiritual
resources. What might trigger a nurse to initiate such a referral? Select all that apply.
a) A client expressing a cultural concern.
b) Impending death.
c) A client requesting occupational therapy.
d) A client requesting time alone.
e) Family conferences - CORRECT ANSWER-Impending death.
• Family conferences.
• A client expressing a cultural concern.
Explanation:
Results that might trigger a consult include clients and families expressing social, cultural, or spiritual
concerns; death; receiving a terminal diagnosis; comfort care; family conferences; and crisis. A client
requesting time alone or occupational therapy would not usually trigger a social or spiritual referral.
The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of fluid resuscitation during the emergency period of burn
management. Which finding indicates that adequate fluid replacement has been achieved in the
client?
a) fluid intake less than urinary output
b) blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg
c) an increase in body weight
d) urine output greater than 35 mL/hou - CORRECT ANSWER-urine output greater than 35
mL/hour
Correct
Explanation:
A urine output of 30 to 50 mL/h indicates adequate fluid replacement in the client with burns. An
increase in body weight may indicate fluid retention. A urine output greater than fluid intake does
not represent a fluid balance. Depending on the client, blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg could
, indicate the presence of a hypovolemic state; by itself, it does not indicate adequate fluid
replacement.
When planning care for a group of clients, the nurse notes that which client is most susceptible to
infection?
a) a 6-year-old with a simple fracture of the femur
b) an 18-year-old with diabetes mellitus
c) an 86-year-old with burns from using a heating pad
d) a 42-year-old with a recent, uncomplicated appendectomy - CORRECT ANSWER-an 86-year-
old with burns from using a heating pad
Correct
Explanation:
The very young and the elderly are more susceptible to infection. An elderly client with a break in
skin integrity, such as the 86-year-old with a burn, is at an increased risk for infection.
The 6-year-old does not have a compound fracture (protruding through the skin) and is not at high
risk for infection.
A client with an appendectomy is at risk for infection of the surgical site but not as high a risk as the
client with burns.
While a client with diabetes is at risk for infection, this adolescent is not at high risk at this time.
When assessing if a procedural risk to a client is justified, the ethical principle underlying the
dilemma is known as which of the following?
a) Informed consent
b) Pro-choice
c) Nonmaleficence
d) Self-determination - CORRECT ANSWER-Nonmaleficence
Explanation:
