A&P final ch 1-15 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS.
what is responsiveness or excitability? - the human anatomy responding towards the
environment?
what is the human anatomy responding towards the environment? - responsiveness or excitability
what is the most responsive organ system in the whole body? - the nervous system
what are the 9 abdominopelvic regions? - (from top left to bottom right)
right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypochondriac region, right lumbar, umbilical,
left lumber, right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac
what 4 quadrants can the 9 abdominopelvic regions be divided into? - right upper, left upper,
right lower, and left lower
what are the 5 cavities? - cranial cavity, vertebral cavity, thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, and
pelvic cavity
what are the 4 planes that divide the body and allow for easier inspection? - sagittal (median if its
down the middle), frontal, transverse (horizontal), and elusive oblique
what is homeostatic imbalance? - the disturbance of homeostasis beyond the norm
what is the disturbance of homeostasis beyond the norm? - homeostatic imbalance
what can cause homeostatic imbalance? - disease and aging
what is negative feedback? - the response that opposes stimuli
what is positive feedback? - the response that enables/furthers a stimuli
what are the two categories energy is divided into? - kinetic and potential
what is kinetic energy? - requires work in action
what is potential energy? - stored energy
what are the 4 major elements of the human body? - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
(CHON)
what are atoms made of? - subatomic particles protons, neutrons, and electrons
what does the atomic number represent? - # of protons
,what does the mass # represent? - # of neutrons and protons
what are radioisotopes? - chemical elements that have an unstable nucleus and can cause all
damage in living tissue
what are chemical elements that have an unstable nucleus & can cause all damage in living
tissue? - radioisotopes
what are the two types of chemical reactions? - exergonic & endergonic
what is exergonic? - leads to release of energy
what is endergonic? - absorbs energy
what are buffers? - help stabilize pH levels
what is the name of the thing that helps to stabilize pH levels? - buffers
what are enzymes? - proteins that speed up reactions by lowering activation energy
what are proteins that speed up reactions by lowering activation energy? - enzymes
how do enzymes speed up reactions? - they lower activation energy
what are molecular chaperones? - they help trigger the immune response, delay aging, and
promote the breakdown of damaged or denatured proteins
what helps trigger the immune response, delays aging, and promotes the breakdown of damaged
or denatured proteins? - molecular chaperones
what are fibrous proteins - strand like, water insoluble and stable proteins which most likely have
a tertiary or quaternary structure
what are strand like, water insoluble and stable proteins that most likely have a tertiary or
quaternary structure - fibrous proteins
what are 4 words that describe globular proteins - compact, spherical, water soluble and sensitive
compact, spherical, water soluble and sensitive describe what type of protein? - globular
what are nucleic acids made of? - monomers known as nucleotides which contain 3 components:
5 carbon sugars, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous...something lol
what do nucleic acids contain? - DNA & RNA
, what 3 components make up nucleotides? - 5 carbon sugars, a phosphate group, and a
nitrogenous whatever
what is the most abundant and important inorganic compound in the body? - water
what percent of the body is water? - 60-80%
what is an example of a protein donor? - acids
what is an example of a protein acceptor? - bases
how do buffers work? - they resist abrupt and large changes in the pH by releasing acid or
binding (base)
what are the three classes of carbohydrates? - monosaccharides (1 sugar), disaccharides (2
sugars), and polysaccharides (many sugars)
what are the four levels of protein structure? - primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary
what percent of the body does CHON make up? - 96.1%
what makes up 96.1% of the body? - CHON (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen)
what is a mixture? - can be separated by physical means
what is a compound? - has chemical reactions between components and can be separated by
breaking bonds
how are compounds separated - by breaking bonds
what are the 4 different types of bonds - chemical, ionic, covalent, polar, and hydrogen
what are isotopes - structural variations of atoms that have different numbers of neutrons with
different mass
what are structural variations of atoms that have different numbers of neutrons with different
mass? - isotopes
what is a cell? - the basic structural and functional unit of a living organism
what is the basic structural and functional unit of a living organism - a cell
what are the cells that store nutrients? - fat cells
what is active transport - requires the cell to use energy in the form of ATP to move substances
across the membrane
what is responsiveness or excitability? - the human anatomy responding towards the
environment?
what is the human anatomy responding towards the environment? - responsiveness or excitability
what is the most responsive organ system in the whole body? - the nervous system
what are the 9 abdominopelvic regions? - (from top left to bottom right)
right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypochondriac region, right lumbar, umbilical,
left lumber, right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac
what 4 quadrants can the 9 abdominopelvic regions be divided into? - right upper, left upper,
right lower, and left lower
what are the 5 cavities? - cranial cavity, vertebral cavity, thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, and
pelvic cavity
what are the 4 planes that divide the body and allow for easier inspection? - sagittal (median if its
down the middle), frontal, transverse (horizontal), and elusive oblique
what is homeostatic imbalance? - the disturbance of homeostasis beyond the norm
what is the disturbance of homeostasis beyond the norm? - homeostatic imbalance
what can cause homeostatic imbalance? - disease and aging
what is negative feedback? - the response that opposes stimuli
what is positive feedback? - the response that enables/furthers a stimuli
what are the two categories energy is divided into? - kinetic and potential
what is kinetic energy? - requires work in action
what is potential energy? - stored energy
what are the 4 major elements of the human body? - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
(CHON)
what are atoms made of? - subatomic particles protons, neutrons, and electrons
what does the atomic number represent? - # of protons
,what does the mass # represent? - # of neutrons and protons
what are radioisotopes? - chemical elements that have an unstable nucleus and can cause all
damage in living tissue
what are chemical elements that have an unstable nucleus & can cause all damage in living
tissue? - radioisotopes
what are the two types of chemical reactions? - exergonic & endergonic
what is exergonic? - leads to release of energy
what is endergonic? - absorbs energy
what are buffers? - help stabilize pH levels
what is the name of the thing that helps to stabilize pH levels? - buffers
what are enzymes? - proteins that speed up reactions by lowering activation energy
what are proteins that speed up reactions by lowering activation energy? - enzymes
how do enzymes speed up reactions? - they lower activation energy
what are molecular chaperones? - they help trigger the immune response, delay aging, and
promote the breakdown of damaged or denatured proteins
what helps trigger the immune response, delays aging, and promotes the breakdown of damaged
or denatured proteins? - molecular chaperones
what are fibrous proteins - strand like, water insoluble and stable proteins which most likely have
a tertiary or quaternary structure
what are strand like, water insoluble and stable proteins that most likely have a tertiary or
quaternary structure - fibrous proteins
what are 4 words that describe globular proteins - compact, spherical, water soluble and sensitive
compact, spherical, water soluble and sensitive describe what type of protein? - globular
what are nucleic acids made of? - monomers known as nucleotides which contain 3 components:
5 carbon sugars, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous...something lol
what do nucleic acids contain? - DNA & RNA
, what 3 components make up nucleotides? - 5 carbon sugars, a phosphate group, and a
nitrogenous whatever
what is the most abundant and important inorganic compound in the body? - water
what percent of the body is water? - 60-80%
what is an example of a protein donor? - acids
what is an example of a protein acceptor? - bases
how do buffers work? - they resist abrupt and large changes in the pH by releasing acid or
binding (base)
what are the three classes of carbohydrates? - monosaccharides (1 sugar), disaccharides (2
sugars), and polysaccharides (many sugars)
what are the four levels of protein structure? - primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary
what percent of the body does CHON make up? - 96.1%
what makes up 96.1% of the body? - CHON (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen)
what is a mixture? - can be separated by physical means
what is a compound? - has chemical reactions between components and can be separated by
breaking bonds
how are compounds separated - by breaking bonds
what are the 4 different types of bonds - chemical, ionic, covalent, polar, and hydrogen
what are isotopes - structural variations of atoms that have different numbers of neutrons with
different mass
what are structural variations of atoms that have different numbers of neutrons with different
mass? - isotopes
what is a cell? - the basic structural and functional unit of a living organism
what is the basic structural and functional unit of a living organism - a cell
what are the cells that store nutrients? - fat cells
what is active transport - requires the cell to use energy in the form of ATP to move substances
across the membrane
