APHY 102 HEART IVY TECH MID-TERM EXAM| ACTUAL EXAM QUESTION
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS| UPDATE WITH EXPERT FEEDBACK
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h8mtk3
1. What is a hormone and how Hormones are chemical messengers that are responsible for
does it act? regulation. They are secreted into body fluids, mainly blood. It
has specific actions on target tissues, which are any tissue that
has specific receptors for that particular hormone.
2. What is a paracrine gland? a secretion that enters interstitial fluid but affects only neighbor-
ing cells
3. What is an autocrine gland? A secretion that only affects the secreting cell.
4. What is an endocrine gland? A gland that secretes a substance (a hormone) into the blood-
stream and act on target cells
5. What is an exocrine gland? A ducted gland that produces a secretion onto a body surface.
6. Where is the thymus located? mediastinum; behind the sternum
7. Where is the pineal gland lo- center of brain
cated?
8. Where are the reproductive abdomen; pelvic
organs located?
9. Where is the pituitary gland sella turcica of the sphenoid bone; base of the brain
located?
10. Where are the adrenal on top of each kidney
glands located?
11. Where is the pancreas locat- posterior to the stomach
ed?
12.
, APHY 102 HEART IVY TECH MID-TERM EXAM| ACTUAL EXAM QUESTION
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS| UPDATE WITH EXPERT FEEDBACK
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h8mtk3
What are the two steroid hor- Sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormones; estrogen and
mones? testosterone
13. Describe steroid hormones -diffuse through cell membranes into cytoplasm or nucleus
-combine with a receptor molecule binding to DNA
-promote transcription of mRNA
-mRNA enters cytoplasm directing protein synthesis
14. Describe non-steroid hor- Amines, proteins, peptides, and glycoproteins. The endocrine
mones. gland secretes nonsteroid hormones, which body fluid carries
hormone to its target cell. Hormone combines with receptor
site on membrane of its target cell, activating G protein. Cellular
changes produce the hormone's effects.
15. How is the anterior pituitary The anterior pituitary becomes an endocrine gland produc-
gland different than the pos- ing and secreting hormones for the body and connects to the
terior pituitary gland? posterior pituitary when fully formed. Meanwhile, the posterior
pituitary remains connected to the hypothalamus, functioning
as a repository for hormones produced by the hypothalamus
and receiving messages from it that regulate when hormones
are to be released to and through the anterior pituitary
16. What regulates pituitary Hypothalamus
gland secretion?
17. Describe tropic hormones stimulate other endocrine glands to release hormones
18. anterior pituitary hormones ACTH - controls manufacture and secretion of certain hormones
from the outer layer of the adrenal gland.
FSH - controls growth and development of follicles that house
egg cells in ovaries and stimulate production of sperm cells in
the testes.
, APHY 102 HEART IVY TECH MID-TERM EXAM| ACTUAL EXAM QUESTION
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS| UPDATE WITH EXPERT FEEDBACK
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h8mtk3
GH - stimulates cells to enlarge and more rapidly divide
LH - promotes secretion of sex hormones and allows release of
egg cells from ovaries
PRL - promotes milk production
TSH - controls secretion of certain hormones from the thyroid
19. posterior pituitary hormones ADH - reduces volume of water that kidneys secrete
Oxytocin - smooth muscle contraction and allows contraction of
the uterus during childbirth and may stimulate the movement of
certain fluids in the male reproductive tract during sexual activity
20. Thyroid hormones Calcitonin - controls blood calcium and phosphate ion concen-
tration
Thyroxine(T4) - more prevalent in circulation
Triiodothyronine(T3) - more potent than T4
21. Parathyroid hormones PTH - increases blood calcium ion concentration and decreas-
es blood phosphate ion concentration through actions in the
bones, kidneys, and intestines
22. adrenal medulla hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine - increase heart rate, BP,
breathing, decrease digestion
23. adrenal cortex hormones Aldosterone - helps regulate concentration of sodium and
potassium ions
Cortisol - affects glucose metabolism and influences proteins
and fat metabolism
24. Pancreas hormones Glucagon - stimulates liver to break down glycogen into glu-
cose
Insulin - stimulates the liver to form glycogen from glucose
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS| UPDATE WITH EXPERT FEEDBACK
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h8mtk3
1. What is a hormone and how Hormones are chemical messengers that are responsible for
does it act? regulation. They are secreted into body fluids, mainly blood. It
has specific actions on target tissues, which are any tissue that
has specific receptors for that particular hormone.
2. What is a paracrine gland? a secretion that enters interstitial fluid but affects only neighbor-
ing cells
3. What is an autocrine gland? A secretion that only affects the secreting cell.
4. What is an endocrine gland? A gland that secretes a substance (a hormone) into the blood-
stream and act on target cells
5. What is an exocrine gland? A ducted gland that produces a secretion onto a body surface.
6. Where is the thymus located? mediastinum; behind the sternum
7. Where is the pineal gland lo- center of brain
cated?
8. Where are the reproductive abdomen; pelvic
organs located?
9. Where is the pituitary gland sella turcica of the sphenoid bone; base of the brain
located?
10. Where are the adrenal on top of each kidney
glands located?
11. Where is the pancreas locat- posterior to the stomach
ed?
12.
, APHY 102 HEART IVY TECH MID-TERM EXAM| ACTUAL EXAM QUESTION
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS| UPDATE WITH EXPERT FEEDBACK
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h8mtk3
What are the two steroid hor- Sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormones; estrogen and
mones? testosterone
13. Describe steroid hormones -diffuse through cell membranes into cytoplasm or nucleus
-combine with a receptor molecule binding to DNA
-promote transcription of mRNA
-mRNA enters cytoplasm directing protein synthesis
14. Describe non-steroid hor- Amines, proteins, peptides, and glycoproteins. The endocrine
mones. gland secretes nonsteroid hormones, which body fluid carries
hormone to its target cell. Hormone combines with receptor
site on membrane of its target cell, activating G protein. Cellular
changes produce the hormone's effects.
15. How is the anterior pituitary The anterior pituitary becomes an endocrine gland produc-
gland different than the pos- ing and secreting hormones for the body and connects to the
terior pituitary gland? posterior pituitary when fully formed. Meanwhile, the posterior
pituitary remains connected to the hypothalamus, functioning
as a repository for hormones produced by the hypothalamus
and receiving messages from it that regulate when hormones
are to be released to and through the anterior pituitary
16. What regulates pituitary Hypothalamus
gland secretion?
17. Describe tropic hormones stimulate other endocrine glands to release hormones
18. anterior pituitary hormones ACTH - controls manufacture and secretion of certain hormones
from the outer layer of the adrenal gland.
FSH - controls growth and development of follicles that house
egg cells in ovaries and stimulate production of sperm cells in
the testes.
, APHY 102 HEART IVY TECH MID-TERM EXAM| ACTUAL EXAM QUESTION
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS| UPDATE WITH EXPERT FEEDBACK
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h8mtk3
GH - stimulates cells to enlarge and more rapidly divide
LH - promotes secretion of sex hormones and allows release of
egg cells from ovaries
PRL - promotes milk production
TSH - controls secretion of certain hormones from the thyroid
19. posterior pituitary hormones ADH - reduces volume of water that kidneys secrete
Oxytocin - smooth muscle contraction and allows contraction of
the uterus during childbirth and may stimulate the movement of
certain fluids in the male reproductive tract during sexual activity
20. Thyroid hormones Calcitonin - controls blood calcium and phosphate ion concen-
tration
Thyroxine(T4) - more prevalent in circulation
Triiodothyronine(T3) - more potent than T4
21. Parathyroid hormones PTH - increases blood calcium ion concentration and decreas-
es blood phosphate ion concentration through actions in the
bones, kidneys, and intestines
22. adrenal medulla hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine - increase heart rate, BP,
breathing, decrease digestion
23. adrenal cortex hormones Aldosterone - helps regulate concentration of sodium and
potassium ions
Cortisol - affects glucose metabolism and influences proteins
and fat metabolism
24. Pancreas hormones Glucagon - stimulates liver to break down glycogen into glu-
cose
Insulin - stimulates the liver to form glycogen from glucose
