CIEMT FINAL EXAM WITH FULL PACK
SOLUTIONS
Patient xpositions x- xcorrect xanswers x-Prone
Laying xface xdown x
Supine
face xup x(used xfor xsuspected xspinal xinjuries) x
Shock xposition- x
Head xand xTorso xsupine, xfeet xelevated x6-12 xinches x
-Don't xuse xfor xNeurogenic xor xCardiogenic xshock
Fowlers xposition x
Sitting xup xwith xknees xbent. x(Semi xFowlers xis x45 xdegree xangle)
5 xbody xcavities x- xcorrect xanswers x-cranial, xspinal, xthoracic, xabdominal, xpelvic
cranial xcavity x- xcorrect xanswers x-Contains xForamen xMagnum, xbrainstem, xspinal
xcord
3 xmeninges xlayers x(layers xof xtissue) x
,Dura xmater- xtough xouter xlayer x
Arachnoid- xspider-like xmiddle xlayer x
Pia xmater- xinnermost xlayer xthat xsurrounds xbrain xspinal xcord x
Cerebral xspinal xfluid x(CSF) xbetween xarachnoid xand xpia xmater
thoracic xcavity x- xcorrect xanswers x-cavity xabove xthe xdiaphragm xw/ x2 xpleural
xlayers x
Pleura- xtissue xthat xsurrounds xthe xlungs x
-Parietal xpleura(outer xlayer): xlines xinside xof xthoracic xcavity x
-Visceral xpleura x(inner xlayer): xcovers xthe xlungs
Contains xheart, xlungs, xesophagus xand xgreat xvessels x(aorta, xvena xcave) x
Formed xby x12 xpairs xof xribs x(last x2 xpairs xare xfloating xribs) x
If xfloating xribs xare xbroken, xinjury xcan xoccur xto xkidneys
abdominal xcavity x- xcorrect xanswers x-Peritoneal xcavity x
Peritoneum: xtissue xthat xlines xinside xof xabdominal xcavity, xcontains xhollow xand
xsolid xorgans x
-Hallow xOrgans: xruptured/spill xcontents=infection x(peritonitis) xLead xto xSeptic xshock
x
Gallbladder, xStomach, xS/L xintestines, xUreter, xFallopian xtube, xurinary xbladder,
xuterus x
Solid xOrgans x
-Solid xOrgans: xbleed=blood xloss x(Abdominal xHemorrhage) xS/S xpale, xcool, xDiaph
x(Hypovolemic xshock) x
Liver, xspleen, xpancreas, xkidney, xovaries
liver x- xcorrect xanswers x-Assists xin xdigestion x
-secretes xbile
-filters xtoxic xsubstances x
-creates xglucose xstores
Gallbladder x- xcorrect xanswers x-reservoir xfor xbile
small xintestine x- xcorrect xanswers x-duodenum, xjejunum, xileum
colon x(large xintestine) x- xcorrect xanswers x-Food xthat xis xnot xbroke xdown xcomes
xhere x
Water xis xabsorbed x
Stool xis xformed
Spleen x- xcorrect xanswers x-Located xin xthe xabdomen xbut xhas xno xdigestive
xfunction
peritonitis x- xcorrect xanswers x-Inflammation xof xthe xperitoneum x
-Can xcause xileus
diverculitis x- xcorrect xanswers x-inflammation xof xthe xdiverticula
, Cholecystitis x- xcorrect xanswers x-Inflammation xof xthe xcholecyst x(gallbladder)
appendicitis x- xcorrect xanswers x-inflammation xof xthe xappendix
esophageal xvarices x- xcorrect xanswers x-swollen, xvaricose xveins xat xthe xlower xend
xof xthe xesophagus
Diverticulitis x- xcorrect xanswers x-inflammation xof xthe xdiverticula
vertebral xcavity x- xcorrect xanswers x-Cervical x(C1-C7)
C3,4,5 xto xstay xalive; xPhrenic xNerve xoriginates xin xcervical xspine x
Thoracic x(T1-T12)
Lumbar(L1-L5) x
Sacrum x(5 xfused xvertebrae) x
Coccyx x( x4 xfused xvertebrae)
Skin xlayers x- xcorrect xanswers x-Epidermis(outer xlayer): x
No xblood xvessels, xmostly xdead xskin xcells, xprotects
Dermis(middle xlayer): xsweat xand xoil xglands, xhair xfollicles, xcapillaries x
Subcutaneous xfat x/ xtissue( xhypodermis xinner xlayer) x
Insulation, xstored xenergy
Superficial xburn x(1st xdegree) x- xcorrect xanswers x-burn xinvolving xonly xepidermis,
xcauses xredness xand xswelling xbut xno xblisters
partial xthickness xburn x(2nd xdegree) x- xcorrect xanswers x-a xburn xin xwhich xthe xfirst
xlayer xof xskin x(epidermis) xis xburned xthrough xand xthe xdermis x(second xlayer) xis
xdamaged. xBurns xof xthis xtype xcause xreddening, xblistering, xand xa xmottled
xappearence.
full xthickness xburn x( x3rd xdegree) x- xcorrect xanswers x-all xlayers xare xdamaged,
xcharred xblack xor xareas xare xdry xand xwhite
Severe xBurns x- xcorrect xanswers x--Full xthickness xinvolving xthe xhands xand xfeet,
xface, xupper xairway, xor xgenitalia xor xcircumferential xburns xof xother xareas x
-Full-thickness xburns xcovering xmore xthan x10% xof xthe xbody's xtotal xsurface xarea
-Partial xthickness xburns xcovering xmore xthan x30% xof xthe xbody's xtotal xsurface
xarea x
-burns xassociated xwith xrespiratory xinjury x(smoke xinhalation) x
-burns xon xpatients xyounger xthan x5 xyears xor xolder xthan x55
hypoperfusion x(shock) x- xcorrect xanswers x-S/S x
Tachycardia
Tachypnea x
Low xBP
SOLUTIONS
Patient xpositions x- xcorrect xanswers x-Prone
Laying xface xdown x
Supine
face xup x(used xfor xsuspected xspinal xinjuries) x
Shock xposition- x
Head xand xTorso xsupine, xfeet xelevated x6-12 xinches x
-Don't xuse xfor xNeurogenic xor xCardiogenic xshock
Fowlers xposition x
Sitting xup xwith xknees xbent. x(Semi xFowlers xis x45 xdegree xangle)
5 xbody xcavities x- xcorrect xanswers x-cranial, xspinal, xthoracic, xabdominal, xpelvic
cranial xcavity x- xcorrect xanswers x-Contains xForamen xMagnum, xbrainstem, xspinal
xcord
3 xmeninges xlayers x(layers xof xtissue) x
,Dura xmater- xtough xouter xlayer x
Arachnoid- xspider-like xmiddle xlayer x
Pia xmater- xinnermost xlayer xthat xsurrounds xbrain xspinal xcord x
Cerebral xspinal xfluid x(CSF) xbetween xarachnoid xand xpia xmater
thoracic xcavity x- xcorrect xanswers x-cavity xabove xthe xdiaphragm xw/ x2 xpleural
xlayers x
Pleura- xtissue xthat xsurrounds xthe xlungs x
-Parietal xpleura(outer xlayer): xlines xinside xof xthoracic xcavity x
-Visceral xpleura x(inner xlayer): xcovers xthe xlungs
Contains xheart, xlungs, xesophagus xand xgreat xvessels x(aorta, xvena xcave) x
Formed xby x12 xpairs xof xribs x(last x2 xpairs xare xfloating xribs) x
If xfloating xribs xare xbroken, xinjury xcan xoccur xto xkidneys
abdominal xcavity x- xcorrect xanswers x-Peritoneal xcavity x
Peritoneum: xtissue xthat xlines xinside xof xabdominal xcavity, xcontains xhollow xand
xsolid xorgans x
-Hallow xOrgans: xruptured/spill xcontents=infection x(peritonitis) xLead xto xSeptic xshock
x
Gallbladder, xStomach, xS/L xintestines, xUreter, xFallopian xtube, xurinary xbladder,
xuterus x
Solid xOrgans x
-Solid xOrgans: xbleed=blood xloss x(Abdominal xHemorrhage) xS/S xpale, xcool, xDiaph
x(Hypovolemic xshock) x
Liver, xspleen, xpancreas, xkidney, xovaries
liver x- xcorrect xanswers x-Assists xin xdigestion x
-secretes xbile
-filters xtoxic xsubstances x
-creates xglucose xstores
Gallbladder x- xcorrect xanswers x-reservoir xfor xbile
small xintestine x- xcorrect xanswers x-duodenum, xjejunum, xileum
colon x(large xintestine) x- xcorrect xanswers x-Food xthat xis xnot xbroke xdown xcomes
xhere x
Water xis xabsorbed x
Stool xis xformed
Spleen x- xcorrect xanswers x-Located xin xthe xabdomen xbut xhas xno xdigestive
xfunction
peritonitis x- xcorrect xanswers x-Inflammation xof xthe xperitoneum x
-Can xcause xileus
diverculitis x- xcorrect xanswers x-inflammation xof xthe xdiverticula
, Cholecystitis x- xcorrect xanswers x-Inflammation xof xthe xcholecyst x(gallbladder)
appendicitis x- xcorrect xanswers x-inflammation xof xthe xappendix
esophageal xvarices x- xcorrect xanswers x-swollen, xvaricose xveins xat xthe xlower xend
xof xthe xesophagus
Diverticulitis x- xcorrect xanswers x-inflammation xof xthe xdiverticula
vertebral xcavity x- xcorrect xanswers x-Cervical x(C1-C7)
C3,4,5 xto xstay xalive; xPhrenic xNerve xoriginates xin xcervical xspine x
Thoracic x(T1-T12)
Lumbar(L1-L5) x
Sacrum x(5 xfused xvertebrae) x
Coccyx x( x4 xfused xvertebrae)
Skin xlayers x- xcorrect xanswers x-Epidermis(outer xlayer): x
No xblood xvessels, xmostly xdead xskin xcells, xprotects
Dermis(middle xlayer): xsweat xand xoil xglands, xhair xfollicles, xcapillaries x
Subcutaneous xfat x/ xtissue( xhypodermis xinner xlayer) x
Insulation, xstored xenergy
Superficial xburn x(1st xdegree) x- xcorrect xanswers x-burn xinvolving xonly xepidermis,
xcauses xredness xand xswelling xbut xno xblisters
partial xthickness xburn x(2nd xdegree) x- xcorrect xanswers x-a xburn xin xwhich xthe xfirst
xlayer xof xskin x(epidermis) xis xburned xthrough xand xthe xdermis x(second xlayer) xis
xdamaged. xBurns xof xthis xtype xcause xreddening, xblistering, xand xa xmottled
xappearence.
full xthickness xburn x( x3rd xdegree) x- xcorrect xanswers x-all xlayers xare xdamaged,
xcharred xblack xor xareas xare xdry xand xwhite
Severe xBurns x- xcorrect xanswers x--Full xthickness xinvolving xthe xhands xand xfeet,
xface, xupper xairway, xor xgenitalia xor xcircumferential xburns xof xother xareas x
-Full-thickness xburns xcovering xmore xthan x10% xof xthe xbody's xtotal xsurface xarea
-Partial xthickness xburns xcovering xmore xthan x30% xof xthe xbody's xtotal xsurface
xarea x
-burns xassociated xwith xrespiratory xinjury x(smoke xinhalation) x
-burns xon xpatients xyounger xthan x5 xyears xor xolder xthan x55
hypoperfusion x(shock) x- xcorrect xanswers x-S/S x
Tachycardia
Tachypnea x
Low xBP
