STCW Basic Training || ANSWERED
Ship Fire Prevention - Correct Answer Ship design and construction
-steel/fire retardant materials
-subdivisions
-fire protection systems
Good housekeeping practices important
Number 1 cause of fire - Correct Answer CARELESS SMOKING HABITS!!!
- DISPOSAL
- SMOKING IN BED
- DISREGARD FOR RESTRICTED AREAS
• POOR HOUSEKEEPING
- Dirty/oily machinery
- Clothes drier lint accumulation
- Improper, non-secured storage
Examples of poor housekeeping practices - Correct Answer -Complacency about fire
safety on the job
-careless disposal of smoking materials
-defective electrical components
-spillage of flammable materials
-careless work habits
Fire Triangle - Correct Answer fuel, oxygen, heat
All of these components are necessary for a fire to occur The removal of any one
component will cause the fire to be extinguished
Fire Tetrahedron - Correct Answer Heat, Fuel, Oxygen, Chemical Chain Reaction
All of these components are necessary for a fire to occur The removal of any one
component will cause the fire to be extinguished
Heat - Correct Answer Anything that produces the required temperature for ignition will
satisfy this leg of the triangle
- Sun
- Open Flame
- Chemical Reaction
- Sparks
- Friction
- Static Electricity
- Biological Processes
Oxygen - Correct Answer The Earth's atmosphere consists of 21% oxygen
, Because fire needs oxygen to burn, the amount of oxygen available to it controls the
rate at which it burns
Fuel - Correct Answer Only vapors burn
• Liquids & solids are too dense and must first be vaporized
• The tendency of a substance to vaporize is an indication of its ability to burn.
• Liquids vaporize more readily than solids
• Gases are already in a vapor state
Chain Reaction - Correct Answer You can have Oxygen - Heat - Fuel in the same
place at the same time and still not have a fire (explain)
• FUEL - OXYGEN relationship must be balanced, i.e., must be in the Flammable
Range
• Heat must be sufficient to bring fuel to its "Ignition Temperature"
To Stop a Fire - Correct Answer • remove the fuel
• remove the heat
• remove the oxygen
• interrupt chemical reaction
OR • do any combination of above
Classifications of Fires - Correct Answer Five classes of fire:
1. Class A - combustible solids (wood paper, rubber)
2. Class B - combustible and flammable liquids and gases (oil, gasoline)
3. Class C - energized electrical equipment (electrical equipment, wiring, appliances)
4. Class D - combustible metals (sodium, zinc, manganese)
5. Class K - cooking material (animal/vegetable fats)
Flash point - Correct Answer FLASH POINT (of a Liquid)
- The lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapor to form an ignitable
mixture at the surface of the liquid
- Fire flashes across the surface given sufficient oxygen and an external source of
ignition
- Lowest temperature at which we can have a fire
- Indicator of the severity of a fire hazard
Fire Point - Correct Answer Just above the flash point - liquid vaporizes rapidly enough
to sustain continuous combustion
Ignition Temperature - Correct Answer - Lowest temperature of a combustible
substance at which sustained combustion will occur without a spark or flame
- Substance starts to burn
Auto Ignition - Correct Answer - vapor generated ignites without any external ignition
source (e.g., Petroleum oils ignite by themselves at 490 to 765 degrees)
- These temperatures are several hundred degrees higher than the flash point
Ship Fire Prevention - Correct Answer Ship design and construction
-steel/fire retardant materials
-subdivisions
-fire protection systems
Good housekeeping practices important
Number 1 cause of fire - Correct Answer CARELESS SMOKING HABITS!!!
- DISPOSAL
- SMOKING IN BED
- DISREGARD FOR RESTRICTED AREAS
• POOR HOUSEKEEPING
- Dirty/oily machinery
- Clothes drier lint accumulation
- Improper, non-secured storage
Examples of poor housekeeping practices - Correct Answer -Complacency about fire
safety on the job
-careless disposal of smoking materials
-defective electrical components
-spillage of flammable materials
-careless work habits
Fire Triangle - Correct Answer fuel, oxygen, heat
All of these components are necessary for a fire to occur The removal of any one
component will cause the fire to be extinguished
Fire Tetrahedron - Correct Answer Heat, Fuel, Oxygen, Chemical Chain Reaction
All of these components are necessary for a fire to occur The removal of any one
component will cause the fire to be extinguished
Heat - Correct Answer Anything that produces the required temperature for ignition will
satisfy this leg of the triangle
- Sun
- Open Flame
- Chemical Reaction
- Sparks
- Friction
- Static Electricity
- Biological Processes
Oxygen - Correct Answer The Earth's atmosphere consists of 21% oxygen
, Because fire needs oxygen to burn, the amount of oxygen available to it controls the
rate at which it burns
Fuel - Correct Answer Only vapors burn
• Liquids & solids are too dense and must first be vaporized
• The tendency of a substance to vaporize is an indication of its ability to burn.
• Liquids vaporize more readily than solids
• Gases are already in a vapor state
Chain Reaction - Correct Answer You can have Oxygen - Heat - Fuel in the same
place at the same time and still not have a fire (explain)
• FUEL - OXYGEN relationship must be balanced, i.e., must be in the Flammable
Range
• Heat must be sufficient to bring fuel to its "Ignition Temperature"
To Stop a Fire - Correct Answer • remove the fuel
• remove the heat
• remove the oxygen
• interrupt chemical reaction
OR • do any combination of above
Classifications of Fires - Correct Answer Five classes of fire:
1. Class A - combustible solids (wood paper, rubber)
2. Class B - combustible and flammable liquids and gases (oil, gasoline)
3. Class C - energized electrical equipment (electrical equipment, wiring, appliances)
4. Class D - combustible metals (sodium, zinc, manganese)
5. Class K - cooking material (animal/vegetable fats)
Flash point - Correct Answer FLASH POINT (of a Liquid)
- The lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapor to form an ignitable
mixture at the surface of the liquid
- Fire flashes across the surface given sufficient oxygen and an external source of
ignition
- Lowest temperature at which we can have a fire
- Indicator of the severity of a fire hazard
Fire Point - Correct Answer Just above the flash point - liquid vaporizes rapidly enough
to sustain continuous combustion
Ignition Temperature - Correct Answer - Lowest temperature of a combustible
substance at which sustained combustion will occur without a spark or flame
- Substance starts to burn
Auto Ignition - Correct Answer - vapor generated ignites without any external ignition
source (e.g., Petroleum oils ignite by themselves at 490 to 765 degrees)
- These temperatures are several hundred degrees higher than the flash point
