PATHS TO MODERNISATION
Japan had economic growth and industrial progress after free from colonisation in
20th century,china had exploitation.
JAPAN-
String od islands,honshu,kyushu,shikoku and hokkaido,no major river system,more
than 50 percent of the land area is mountainous and is situated in the earthquake
zone,there are various ethnic groups like ainu minority and Koreans who were
forcibly brought as labour when Korea was a colony of japan,Japanese language was
mostly Japanese.
POLITICAL SYSTEM-
It became a modern country from the days of petty daimyo (feudal system),12th
century imperial court lost power to shogun,who ruled in the name of empower with
help of samurais(warrior class)and daimyo (lords)with capital in edo(Tokyo.16th
century insured peace and order,japan was divided into more than 250 parts under
the rule of lords called daimyo.in 16th century 3 changes resulted in future
development-the peasantry was disarmed and only samurai could carry swords
resulting in peace and order and prevented frequent wars,the daimyo were ordered to
live in the capitals of their domains or areas each,land surveys were done which
helped in identifying the owners and taxpayers and helped in telling land
productivity to ensure a stable revenue. By mid 17th century,japan had the most
populated city in the world-edo,but also had 2 other cities which were big-Osaka
and Kyoto.
THE MEIJI RESTORATION-
The Meiji restoration was one of the most important events in the Japanese
history,there was a demand for trade and diplomatic relations,in 1853,the sa
demanded japan to sign a treaty that would permit trade and open diplomatic
relations,japan was on the route to china which USA saw as a big market,at that
rime there was only 1 western country that traded with japan that was holland,in
1868 a movement removed the shogun and broght the empires to edo or tokyo(eastern
capital).
MIEJI REFORMS-
Admistrative reforms-the mieji government imposed a new administrative structure by
altering old villages and boundaries to integrate the nation,in 1871 feudalism was
abolished under mieji rule.
Economic reforms-mordenised the economy,japans first railway line between Tokyo and
the port of Yokohama was built in 1870-72,1872 modern banking systems were
adopted,zaibatsu the business families dominated the economy.
Industrial reforms-textile machines were exported from Europe,foreign technicians
were employed to train the workers and also to teach in universities and
school,Japanese students were sent abroad ,the number of people in manufacturing
increased and over half of those employed in factories were women,the size of
factories also began to increase.
Agricultural reforms-funds were raised by-agriculture tax
Constitution reforms-in 1889 japan adopted a new constitution,the mieji
constitution had declared the empower as the commander of the forces.
Educational reforms-a new school system was built from 1870s,schooling was
important for bith girls and boys by 1910,tuition fees was minimal as it was seen
as a Jesse city,tokyo university was built in 1877.
Military reforms-all men above 20 had to serve in the military for some time,the
military and beurocracy was put under the direct command of emperor.
RE EMERGANCE OF JAPAN AS A GLOBAL ECONOMIC POWER-
During 1930s,japan exercised imperialist policy and invaded china to extend it
empire,japan was defeated by the allied forces,it was defeated in the world war 2
when USA dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki resulting in huge
destruction of masses,Japanese was demilitarised and a new constitution was
introduced,Japanese philosopher miyake setsurei argues that each nation should
develop by using its own resources for growth instead of making colonies.the rapid
rebuilding of the economy after war was called a miracle.
CHINA PHYSICAL FEATURES-
Japan had economic growth and industrial progress after free from colonisation in
20th century,china had exploitation.
JAPAN-
String od islands,honshu,kyushu,shikoku and hokkaido,no major river system,more
than 50 percent of the land area is mountainous and is situated in the earthquake
zone,there are various ethnic groups like ainu minority and Koreans who were
forcibly brought as labour when Korea was a colony of japan,Japanese language was
mostly Japanese.
POLITICAL SYSTEM-
It became a modern country from the days of petty daimyo (feudal system),12th
century imperial court lost power to shogun,who ruled in the name of empower with
help of samurais(warrior class)and daimyo (lords)with capital in edo(Tokyo.16th
century insured peace and order,japan was divided into more than 250 parts under
the rule of lords called daimyo.in 16th century 3 changes resulted in future
development-the peasantry was disarmed and only samurai could carry swords
resulting in peace and order and prevented frequent wars,the daimyo were ordered to
live in the capitals of their domains or areas each,land surveys were done which
helped in identifying the owners and taxpayers and helped in telling land
productivity to ensure a stable revenue. By mid 17th century,japan had the most
populated city in the world-edo,but also had 2 other cities which were big-Osaka
and Kyoto.
THE MEIJI RESTORATION-
The Meiji restoration was one of the most important events in the Japanese
history,there was a demand for trade and diplomatic relations,in 1853,the sa
demanded japan to sign a treaty that would permit trade and open diplomatic
relations,japan was on the route to china which USA saw as a big market,at that
rime there was only 1 western country that traded with japan that was holland,in
1868 a movement removed the shogun and broght the empires to edo or tokyo(eastern
capital).
MIEJI REFORMS-
Admistrative reforms-the mieji government imposed a new administrative structure by
altering old villages and boundaries to integrate the nation,in 1871 feudalism was
abolished under mieji rule.
Economic reforms-mordenised the economy,japans first railway line between Tokyo and
the port of Yokohama was built in 1870-72,1872 modern banking systems were
adopted,zaibatsu the business families dominated the economy.
Industrial reforms-textile machines were exported from Europe,foreign technicians
were employed to train the workers and also to teach in universities and
school,Japanese students were sent abroad ,the number of people in manufacturing
increased and over half of those employed in factories were women,the size of
factories also began to increase.
Agricultural reforms-funds were raised by-agriculture tax
Constitution reforms-in 1889 japan adopted a new constitution,the mieji
constitution had declared the empower as the commander of the forces.
Educational reforms-a new school system was built from 1870s,schooling was
important for bith girls and boys by 1910,tuition fees was minimal as it was seen
as a Jesse city,tokyo university was built in 1877.
Military reforms-all men above 20 had to serve in the military for some time,the
military and beurocracy was put under the direct command of emperor.
RE EMERGANCE OF JAPAN AS A GLOBAL ECONOMIC POWER-
During 1930s,japan exercised imperialist policy and invaded china to extend it
empire,japan was defeated by the allied forces,it was defeated in the world war 2
when USA dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki resulting in huge
destruction of masses,Japanese was demilitarised and a new constitution was
introduced,Japanese philosopher miyake setsurei argues that each nation should
develop by using its own resources for growth instead of making colonies.the rapid
rebuilding of the economy after war was called a miracle.
CHINA PHYSICAL FEATURES-
