BIO 201 EXAM 2 WITH ALL 160+ QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2024
1. Describe the epidermis in detail ANS >> keratinized stratified squamous
epithelium; no blood vessels;5 zones layers
2. What are the 5 zones of the epidermis? Come Lets Get Sun Burned ANS >>
stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale
3. stratum corneum ANS >> up to 30 layers, dead scaly keratinized cells,resistant
to abra- sion and water loss. MOST SUPERFICIAL LAYER
4. stratum lucidum ANS >> -in thick skin only, no nuclei or organelles, cells are
filled with eleidin.
5. stratum granulosum ANS >> -3-5 layers of granule and vesicle containing
ker- atinocytes,cells are dying, forms an epidermal water barrier that
waterproofs the skin, cells above die because they are cut off from the
nutrients.
6. stratum spinosum ANS >> -thickest layer, 2nd deepest, more living
kerinocytes, con- tains dendritic cells.
7. stratum basale ANS >> -DEEPEST LAYER; cells that divide rapidly, connective
tissues underneath, single layer of cuboidal or low columnar sitting on basement
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, membrane. ((and then dermis))
8. eumelanin ANS >> black/ brown
9. pheomelanin ANS >> reddish-yellow
10. Describe the dermis ANS >> 2 dermal layers/ deeper then epidermis ANS >>
papillary, reticu- lar layers
11. papillary ANS >> areolar tissue, allows for motility of white blood cells
12. reticular layers ANS >> thick collagen, responsible for stretch marks adipocytes
13. dermal papilla ANS >> are upward extensions of the dermis into the epidermis
forming the ridges of the fingerprints
14. piloerector muscles ANS >> smooth muscles (skeleton muscle
face((emotions)))
15. Describe the structure and function of the hypodermis ANS >> binds skin
to un- derlying tissue, lots of adipose, energy reservoir, thermal insulation,
hypodermic injections into subcutaneous tissue since highly vascular
16. List terms that are synonymous with hypodermis ANS >> subcutaneous
tissue or superficial fascia
17. Recall the various pigments that can contribute to skin color ANS >>
hemoglobin, carotene, melanin
18. hemoglobin ANS >> - red pigment of red blood cells
19. carotene ANS >> - yellow pigment from diet
20. cyanosis ANS >> - blueness from Oxygen deficiency in blood (cold)
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, 21. erythma ANS >> - redness due to dilated cutaneous vessels(blushing)
22. jaundice ANS >> - yellowing due to excess of bilirubin in blood(liver disease)
23. bronzing ANS >> - golden-brown color- addison disease (deficiency of
glucocortoid hormone)
24. pallor ANS >> - pale color from lack of blood flow
25. hematoma ANS >> - bruise (visible clotted blood)
26. hemangiomas ANS >> - discolored skin caused by tumors of dermal blood
capillaries; port wine; strawberries
27. mole ANS >> - elevated melanized skin, usually benign
28. friction ridges ANS >> - leave oily fingerprints on touched surfaces (born with)
29. flexion lines ANS >> - form in wrists and elbow areas
30. flexion creases ANS >> - form after birth by repeated closing of the hand
31. Describe nails, including from which tissue they are derived and how their
appearance can be useful in diagnosing certain medical conditions ANS >>
derived from stratum corneum, spoon like shape may indicate iron-deficiency,
clubbing can indicate hypoxemia
32. soft keratin ANS >> -stratum corneum of the skin
33. straight ANS >> -circular cross section
34. wavy ANS >> - oval cross section
35. hirsutism ANS >> abmormal hairiness in women or children from masculinizing
ovarian tumors, adrenal cortex hyper section of testosterone
36. alopecia ANS >> thinning hair, passed from X- chromosome
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
ANSWERS 2024
1. Describe the epidermis in detail ANS >> keratinized stratified squamous
epithelium; no blood vessels;5 zones layers
2. What are the 5 zones of the epidermis? Come Lets Get Sun Burned ANS >>
stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale
3. stratum corneum ANS >> up to 30 layers, dead scaly keratinized cells,resistant
to abra- sion and water loss. MOST SUPERFICIAL LAYER
4. stratum lucidum ANS >> -in thick skin only, no nuclei or organelles, cells are
filled with eleidin.
5. stratum granulosum ANS >> -3-5 layers of granule and vesicle containing
ker- atinocytes,cells are dying, forms an epidermal water barrier that
waterproofs the skin, cells above die because they are cut off from the
nutrients.
6. stratum spinosum ANS >> -thickest layer, 2nd deepest, more living
kerinocytes, con- tains dendritic cells.
7. stratum basale ANS >> -DEEPEST LAYER; cells that divide rapidly, connective
tissues underneath, single layer of cuboidal or low columnar sitting on basement
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
, membrane. ((and then dermis))
8. eumelanin ANS >> black/ brown
9. pheomelanin ANS >> reddish-yellow
10. Describe the dermis ANS >> 2 dermal layers/ deeper then epidermis ANS >>
papillary, reticu- lar layers
11. papillary ANS >> areolar tissue, allows for motility of white blood cells
12. reticular layers ANS >> thick collagen, responsible for stretch marks adipocytes
13. dermal papilla ANS >> are upward extensions of the dermis into the epidermis
forming the ridges of the fingerprints
14. piloerector muscles ANS >> smooth muscles (skeleton muscle
face((emotions)))
15. Describe the structure and function of the hypodermis ANS >> binds skin
to un- derlying tissue, lots of adipose, energy reservoir, thermal insulation,
hypodermic injections into subcutaneous tissue since highly vascular
16. List terms that are synonymous with hypodermis ANS >> subcutaneous
tissue or superficial fascia
17. Recall the various pigments that can contribute to skin color ANS >>
hemoglobin, carotene, melanin
18. hemoglobin ANS >> - red pigment of red blood cells
19. carotene ANS >> - yellow pigment from diet
20. cyanosis ANS >> - blueness from Oxygen deficiency in blood (cold)
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
, 21. erythma ANS >> - redness due to dilated cutaneous vessels(blushing)
22. jaundice ANS >> - yellowing due to excess of bilirubin in blood(liver disease)
23. bronzing ANS >> - golden-brown color- addison disease (deficiency of
glucocortoid hormone)
24. pallor ANS >> - pale color from lack of blood flow
25. hematoma ANS >> - bruise (visible clotted blood)
26. hemangiomas ANS >> - discolored skin caused by tumors of dermal blood
capillaries; port wine; strawberries
27. mole ANS >> - elevated melanized skin, usually benign
28. friction ridges ANS >> - leave oily fingerprints on touched surfaces (born with)
29. flexion lines ANS >> - form in wrists and elbow areas
30. flexion creases ANS >> - form after birth by repeated closing of the hand
31. Describe nails, including from which tissue they are derived and how their
appearance can be useful in diagnosing certain medical conditions ANS >>
derived from stratum corneum, spoon like shape may indicate iron-deficiency,
clubbing can indicate hypoxemia
32. soft keratin ANS >> -stratum corneum of the skin
33. straight ANS >> -circular cross section
34. wavy ANS >> - oval cross section
35. hirsutism ANS >> abmormal hairiness in women or children from masculinizing
ovarian tumors, adrenal cortex hyper section of testosterone
36. alopecia ANS >> thinning hair, passed from X- chromosome
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
