Biology 151 Exam Graded A+

Biology 151 Exam Graded A+ What are the 7 Properties/Characteristics of Life - Answer - order regulation evolutionary adaptation growth and development energy processing response to environmental stimuli reproduction discovery science - Answer - uses verifiable observations and measurements to describe the world. You don't experiment or change anything. Example is the discovery of dinosaur bones. hypothesis-based science - Answer - Uses the data from discovery science to explain science using a testable hypothesis and experiments can be set up during this. Examples are the mouse, candle, and plant experiment. theory - Answer - is supported by a growing body of evidence law - Answer - Has been tested so much that it is defined as an underlying rule, typically in physics and chemistry inductive reasoning - Answer - Reasoning that moves from a specific instance to a general conclusion. The drawing of the piece of pizza and the concluding that it is pizza by the shape and circles on it deductive reasoning - Answer - Starts with a rule and it broken down into useful specific information empirical - Answer - uses numbers to quanity the world not descriptions. Arguments are based on numerical facts not opinions. they are based on observable things survey - Answer - a structured sampling of existing conditions no manipulations and no intentional modification of conditions study - Answer - the entire project investigating the target problem or phenomena confounding variables - Answer - things that mess with data essential chemicals of life - Answer - carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur organic molecules - Answer - anything associated with life and contains carbon inorganic molecules - Answer - anything not associated with life and no carbon monomers - Answer - the simplest unit structure can be combined to form polymers combined through the process of condensation reaction (dehydration synthesis) polymer - Answer - a chain of linked head-to-tail monomers with OH and H through a dehydration synthesis reaction macromolecule - Answer - carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids lipids - Answer - they are the only macromolecule that isn't a true polymer because they have heads side by side and not head to tail. They are both hydrophobic and hydrophilic dehydration synthesis - Answer - removes water to build bigger molecules hydrolysis - Answer - breaks polymers apart by adding water fatty acids - Answer - Long-chain hydrocarbon molecules with carboxyl group (COOH) that binds with glycerol. Saturated fatty acids - solid at room temp. straight and long tails create less space Unsaturated fatty acids - liquid at room temp. kinked tails and create more space phospholipid - Answer - two fatty acids and phosphate group are attached to glycerol The two fatty acid tails are hydrophobic. the phospholipid heads are hydrophilic and are linked side to side they can occur naturally and will self-assemble into a bilayer. steroids - Answer - lipids characterized by carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings. Example is cholesterol is an important steroid component in animal cell membranes. they can act as nonpolar or polar molecules a proxy - Answer - something that is easily measured compared to things we can't the discovery in 1665 - Answer - they discovered that there was an outer layer of the cell by a Hook that was their microscope back then