BIO 210 Genetics - Exam 2 \| \| \| \| \| \|
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS \| \|
GENE - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a segment of DNA that is used to
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make a RNA molecule or a polypeptide
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TRANSCRIPTION - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔synthesizing RNA from \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
a DNA template
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PROTEIN ENCODING GENES - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔carry the
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information from the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
mRNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the initial product of
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transcription; a temporary copy of a gene that contains \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
information to make a polypeptide \| \| \| \|
DNA REPLICATION - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔making DNA copies
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that are transmitted from cell to cell and from parent to offspring
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POLYPEPTIDE - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a linear sequence of amino \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
acids that is the product of mRNA translation; one or more fold to
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form a functional protein
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GENE EXPRESSION - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the overall process by
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which the info w.in a gene is used to produce a functional product
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,REGULATORY SEQUENCES - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔site for the \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
binding of regulatory proteins
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REGULATORY PROTEINS - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔influence the \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
rate of transcription
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PROMOTER bacteria - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔site for RNA
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polymerase binding; initiates transcription; -35 and -10 sequences
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PROMOTER eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔site for RNA
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polymerase binding; initiates transcription; core promoter
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consists of a TATA box and transcriptional start site
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TERMINATOR - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a sequence w.in a gene \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
that signals the end of transcription
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RIBOSOME-BINDING SITE - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔site on mRNA \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
for ribosome binding; translation begins near this site
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CODON - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔3 nucleotide sequence w.in
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mRNA that determines the sequence of amino acids w.in a
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polypeptide
RNA POLYMERASE bacteria - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔an enzyme
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that synthesis a strand of RNA using a DNA strand as a template
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, RNA POLYMERASE eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔three
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types, RNA poly 1, 2 and 3 transcribes protein-encoding genes
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RIBOSOME - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a large macro-molecule \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
structure that acts as the catalytic site for polypeptide synthesis;
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allows mRNA and tRNA to be positioned correctly as the
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
polypeptide is made \| \|
SMALL NUCLEAR RNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔found in high
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amounts in the nucleolus and promote the covalent modification
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of rRNAs
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TRANSFER RNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔molecules that act as
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
temp carriers of amino acids, bringing the appropriate amino
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA
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TATA BOX - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a sequence found w.in EUK
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core promoters that determine the starting site for transcription
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TRANSCRIPTION OF EUK PROTEIN ENCODING GENES IS INITIATED \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
WHEN... - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔RNA polymerase 2 and general
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transcription factors bind to a promoter sequence \| \| \| \| \| \|
SHINE-DALGARNO SEQUENCE - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a \| \| \| \| \| \|
sequence in bacterial mRNAs that functions as a ribosomal-
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
binding site \|
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS \| \|
GENE - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a segment of DNA that is used to
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
make a RNA molecule or a polypeptide
\| \| \| \| \| \|
TRANSCRIPTION - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔synthesizing RNA from \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
a DNA template
\| \|
PROTEIN ENCODING GENES - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔carry the
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
information from the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
mRNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the initial product of
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
transcription; a temporary copy of a gene that contains \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
information to make a polypeptide \| \| \| \|
DNA REPLICATION - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔making DNA copies
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
that are transmitted from cell to cell and from parent to offspring
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
POLYPEPTIDE - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a linear sequence of amino \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
acids that is the product of mRNA translation; one or more fold to
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
form a functional protein
\| \| \|
GENE EXPRESSION - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the overall process by
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
which the info w.in a gene is used to produce a functional product
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
,REGULATORY SEQUENCES - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔site for the \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
binding of regulatory proteins
\| \| \|
REGULATORY PROTEINS - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔influence the \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
rate of transcription
\| \|
PROMOTER bacteria - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔site for RNA
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
polymerase binding; initiates transcription; -35 and -10 sequences
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
PROMOTER eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔site for RNA
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
polymerase binding; initiates transcription; core promoter
\| \| \| \| \| \|
consists of a TATA box and transcriptional start site
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
TERMINATOR - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a sequence w.in a gene \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
that signals the end of transcription
\| \| \| \| \|
RIBOSOME-BINDING SITE - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔site on mRNA \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
for ribosome binding; translation begins near this site
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
CODON - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔3 nucleotide sequence w.in
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
mRNA that determines the sequence of amino acids w.in a
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
polypeptide
RNA POLYMERASE bacteria - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔an enzyme
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
that synthesis a strand of RNA using a DNA strand as a template
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
, RNA POLYMERASE eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔three
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
types, RNA poly 1, 2 and 3 transcribes protein-encoding genes
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
RIBOSOME - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a large macro-molecule \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
structure that acts as the catalytic site for polypeptide synthesis;
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
allows mRNA and tRNA to be positioned correctly as the
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
polypeptide is made \| \|
SMALL NUCLEAR RNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔found in high
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
amounts in the nucleolus and promote the covalent modification
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
of rRNAs
\|
TRANSFER RNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔molecules that act as
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
temp carriers of amino acids, bringing the appropriate amino
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA
\| \| \| \| \| \| \|
TATA BOX - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a sequence found w.in EUK
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
core promoters that determine the starting site for transcription
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
TRANSCRIPTION OF EUK PROTEIN ENCODING GENES IS INITIATED \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
WHEN... - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔RNA polymerase 2 and general
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
transcription factors bind to a promoter sequence \| \| \| \| \| \|
SHINE-DALGARNO SEQUENCE - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a \| \| \| \| \| \|
sequence in bacterial mRNAs that functions as a ribosomal-
\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|
binding site \|
