Test Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology 7th Edition by Huether, McCance, and Brashers

Test Bank
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, Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
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Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICES rq




1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DN
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Awith histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
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a. A single circular chromosome
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b. A nucleus rq



c. Free-floating nuclear material rq rq



d. No organelles rq




ANS: B rq




The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within it
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snucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a pr
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okaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles.
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REF: p. 2 rq rq




2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
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describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy
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?
a. Metabolic absorption rq



b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration

ANS: D rq




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, The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication abilit
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yinvolves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, an
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d secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
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REF: p. 2 rq rq




3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most o
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fthe genetic information be contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm rq




ANS: C rq




The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonuclei
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cacid, most of the DNA, and DNA-
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binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located withinthe cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria i
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s associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are involved with protein manufactu
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ring. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the cell.
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REF: p. 2 rq rq




4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving th
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elayer itself?
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a. Peripheral membrane proteins rq rq



b. Integral membrane proteins rq rq



c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules rq rq




ANS: B rq




Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral
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membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the sur
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face while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane. Glycoprotein mark
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s cells and does not float.
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REF: p. 7 rq rq




5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
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, a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids rq



d. Ligands

ANS: D rq



Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
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REF: p. 9 rq rq




6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation in th
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qr pU
eextracellular matrix would suNpoRrtSthIeNdG
iaT
gnBo.
siC
s ofM
rqmetastatic cancer? rq rq rq rq




a. Decreased fibronectin rq



b. Increased collagen rq



c. Decreased elastin rq



d. Increased glycoproteins rq




ANS: A rq




Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowin
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gthem to travel or metastasize.
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REF: p. 10 rq rq




7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact?
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a. Cell junction rq




b. Gap junction rq



c. Desmosome
d. Tight junction rq




ANS: A rq




Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell to cell.
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Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tigh
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tjunctions are associated with cellular communication.
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REF: p. 11 rq rq




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