GCU BIO 201 Exam 4 UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Central Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWER - brain and spinal cord
Rostral - CORRECT ANSWER - toward forehead
Caudal - CORRECT ANSWER - Toward cord
longitudinal fissure - CORRECT ANSWER - divides cerebral hemispheres
Gyri - CORRECT ANSWER - folds
Sulci - CORRECT ANSWER - grooves
cortex - CORRECT ANSWER - surface layer of gray matter
Nuclei (in brain) - CORRECT ANSWER - deeper masses of gray matter
("mini brains" cluster of cell bodies)
tracts - CORRECT ANSWER - bundles of axons (white matter)
Gray matter - CORRECT ANSWER - neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses
(on outside of brain)
White matter - CORRECT ANSWER - bundles of axons; forms tracts that connect parts of
brain
,(on inside of brain)
Dura mater - CORRECT ANSWER - Outermost layer of the meninges, tough membrane
Epidural space - CORRECT ANSWER - Filled with fat in low back
Subdural space - CORRECT ANSWER - between dura mater and arachnoid mater
Arachnoid layer - CORRECT ANSWER - middle layer, wed-like
Pia mater - CORRECT ANSWER - Deepest
(lies on gyri of brain)
Meningitis - CORRECT ANSWER - inflammation of meninges
usually found in infants
Symptoms of meningitis - CORRECT ANSWER - high fever, stiff neck (nuchal rigidity),
drowsiness, and intense headache
How to diagnose meningitis - CORRECT ANSWER - examine CSF by lumbar puncture
(spinal tap)
Brain ventricles - CORRECT ANSWER - where CSF is made
Cerebrospinal Fluid - CORRECT ANSWER - formed by choroid pleus by ependymal cells;
circulated through ventricles;
Functions of CSF - CORRECT ANSWER - forms cushion for brain and spinal cord
, gives buoyancy to prevent braing from crushing under own weight and;
transports nutrients, chemical messengers and waste
Hydrocephalus - CORRECT ANSWER - water in brain
when CSF becomes obstructed
enlargement of head in babies
Arachnoid villi - CORRECT ANSWER - extensions of subarachnoid space; extend through
dura mater to superior sagittal sinus
Arachnoid granulations - CORRECT ANSWER - large clusters of villi
absorb CSF into venous circulation
Brain stem - CORRECT ANSWER - has deep gray matter surrounded by white matter
includes: midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
Midbrain - CORRECT ANSWER - startle reflex; coordination head and eye movement wen
we follow a moving object nd our peripheral vision
Substantia nigra - CORRECT ANSWER - "eye of bird"; large nuclei; produces dopamine,
melanin pigment
Pons - CORRECT ANSWER - controls quality of breath
Medulla oblongata - CORRECT ANSWER - adjust force and rate of heat beat, BP, vomiting,
hiccupping, cough ect
Decussation - CORRECT ANSWER - "crossing over"
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Central Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWER - brain and spinal cord
Rostral - CORRECT ANSWER - toward forehead
Caudal - CORRECT ANSWER - Toward cord
longitudinal fissure - CORRECT ANSWER - divides cerebral hemispheres
Gyri - CORRECT ANSWER - folds
Sulci - CORRECT ANSWER - grooves
cortex - CORRECT ANSWER - surface layer of gray matter
Nuclei (in brain) - CORRECT ANSWER - deeper masses of gray matter
("mini brains" cluster of cell bodies)
tracts - CORRECT ANSWER - bundles of axons (white matter)
Gray matter - CORRECT ANSWER - neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses
(on outside of brain)
White matter - CORRECT ANSWER - bundles of axons; forms tracts that connect parts of
brain
,(on inside of brain)
Dura mater - CORRECT ANSWER - Outermost layer of the meninges, tough membrane
Epidural space - CORRECT ANSWER - Filled with fat in low back
Subdural space - CORRECT ANSWER - between dura mater and arachnoid mater
Arachnoid layer - CORRECT ANSWER - middle layer, wed-like
Pia mater - CORRECT ANSWER - Deepest
(lies on gyri of brain)
Meningitis - CORRECT ANSWER - inflammation of meninges
usually found in infants
Symptoms of meningitis - CORRECT ANSWER - high fever, stiff neck (nuchal rigidity),
drowsiness, and intense headache
How to diagnose meningitis - CORRECT ANSWER - examine CSF by lumbar puncture
(spinal tap)
Brain ventricles - CORRECT ANSWER - where CSF is made
Cerebrospinal Fluid - CORRECT ANSWER - formed by choroid pleus by ependymal cells;
circulated through ventricles;
Functions of CSF - CORRECT ANSWER - forms cushion for brain and spinal cord
, gives buoyancy to prevent braing from crushing under own weight and;
transports nutrients, chemical messengers and waste
Hydrocephalus - CORRECT ANSWER - water in brain
when CSF becomes obstructed
enlargement of head in babies
Arachnoid villi - CORRECT ANSWER - extensions of subarachnoid space; extend through
dura mater to superior sagittal sinus
Arachnoid granulations - CORRECT ANSWER - large clusters of villi
absorb CSF into venous circulation
Brain stem - CORRECT ANSWER - has deep gray matter surrounded by white matter
includes: midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
Midbrain - CORRECT ANSWER - startle reflex; coordination head and eye movement wen
we follow a moving object nd our peripheral vision
Substantia nigra - CORRECT ANSWER - "eye of bird"; large nuclei; produces dopamine,
melanin pigment
Pons - CORRECT ANSWER - controls quality of breath
Medulla oblongata - CORRECT ANSWER - adjust force and rate of heat beat, BP, vomiting,
hiccupping, cough ect
Decussation - CORRECT ANSWER - "crossing over"
