Exam 1 PNR 207 2025
Impaired elimination Difficulty in removing waste products from the body, leading
to conditions like constipation or urinary retention.
UTI Urinary Tract Infection, an infection in any part of the urinary system, such as
the kidneys, bladder, or urethra.
Chronic kidney disease Progressive loss of kidney function over time, often leading
to the need for dialysis or kidney transplant.
Dialysis A medical procedure to remove waste products and excess fluids from
the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform this function.
Constipation Difficulty in passing stools, often associated with hardened feces.
StrokeA sudden interruption in the blood supply of the brain, causing brain cells to die.
Surgical patients Individuals who have undergone a surgical procedure, often
requiring post-operative care and monitoring.
Peristalsis The involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine
or another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal
forward.
Enemas A procedure used to introduce a liquid into the rectum and colon via the
anus, often to relieve constipation or to administer medication or barium.
Retention Enema An enema containing a substance, such as mineral oil, that softens
stool as it is absorbed and is retained in the colon for a specific period to facilitate
bowel movement.
Cleansing Enema An enema containing substances, such as soapsuds, tap water, or
saline, that stimulate peristalsis through distention and irritation of the colon and
rectum.
Distention reduction enema An enema containing carminative substances, such
as magnesium sulfate and glycerin, to relieve discomfort from flatus causing
distention.
Medicated Enema An enema containing drugs, such as sodium polystyrene or
neomycin, to reduce bacteria or remove potassium from the body.
, Exam 1 PNR 207 2025
Disposable enema A pre-packaged enema, such as sodium phosphate (fleet), used to
stimulate peristalsis by acting as an irritant.
Immobilization The act of rendering someone or something immobile or making
them incapable of movement.
ROM Range of Motion exercises, aimed at preventing muscle contractions and
promoting venous blood circulation.
Skin protection Measures taken to prevent skin breakdown, such as rotating the
patient's position every 2 hours, using skin barriers, and protecting bony areas.
Muscle atrophy A decrease in muscle mass due to immobility or lack of use.
Pneumonia An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill
with fluid or pus.
Osteoporosis A condition in which bones become weak and brittle.
Obese patient care Special considerations and precautions to be taken when caring
for an obese individual, such as using mechanical lifts and friction-reducing sheets.
Dentures Artificial replacement for one or more natural teeth and adjacent tissues.
Incontinence Involuntary loss of control over urination or defecation.
Urgency incontinence Involuntary loss of urine in response to a strong sensation
of need to empty the bladder.
Stress incontinence Urethral sphincter failure associated with increased intra-
abdominal pressure, as occurs with sneezing, laughing, coughing, and aerobic
exercise.
Mixed incontinence A combination of different types of incontinence, such as stress
and urgency incontinence.
Overflow incontinence Involuntary loss of urine due to poor contractility of the
bladder muscle and obstruction of the urethra.
Functional incontinence Incontinence caused by cognitive inability to recognize the
urge to urinate or physical impairment.
Impaired elimination Difficulty in removing waste products from the body, leading
to conditions like constipation or urinary retention.
UTI Urinary Tract Infection, an infection in any part of the urinary system, such as
the kidneys, bladder, or urethra.
Chronic kidney disease Progressive loss of kidney function over time, often leading
to the need for dialysis or kidney transplant.
Dialysis A medical procedure to remove waste products and excess fluids from
the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform this function.
Constipation Difficulty in passing stools, often associated with hardened feces.
StrokeA sudden interruption in the blood supply of the brain, causing brain cells to die.
Surgical patients Individuals who have undergone a surgical procedure, often
requiring post-operative care and monitoring.
Peristalsis The involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine
or another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal
forward.
Enemas A procedure used to introduce a liquid into the rectum and colon via the
anus, often to relieve constipation or to administer medication or barium.
Retention Enema An enema containing a substance, such as mineral oil, that softens
stool as it is absorbed and is retained in the colon for a specific period to facilitate
bowel movement.
Cleansing Enema An enema containing substances, such as soapsuds, tap water, or
saline, that stimulate peristalsis through distention and irritation of the colon and
rectum.
Distention reduction enema An enema containing carminative substances, such
as magnesium sulfate and glycerin, to relieve discomfort from flatus causing
distention.
Medicated Enema An enema containing drugs, such as sodium polystyrene or
neomycin, to reduce bacteria or remove potassium from the body.
, Exam 1 PNR 207 2025
Disposable enema A pre-packaged enema, such as sodium phosphate (fleet), used to
stimulate peristalsis by acting as an irritant.
Immobilization The act of rendering someone or something immobile or making
them incapable of movement.
ROM Range of Motion exercises, aimed at preventing muscle contractions and
promoting venous blood circulation.
Skin protection Measures taken to prevent skin breakdown, such as rotating the
patient's position every 2 hours, using skin barriers, and protecting bony areas.
Muscle atrophy A decrease in muscle mass due to immobility or lack of use.
Pneumonia An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill
with fluid or pus.
Osteoporosis A condition in which bones become weak and brittle.
Obese patient care Special considerations and precautions to be taken when caring
for an obese individual, such as using mechanical lifts and friction-reducing sheets.
Dentures Artificial replacement for one or more natural teeth and adjacent tissues.
Incontinence Involuntary loss of control over urination or defecation.
Urgency incontinence Involuntary loss of urine in response to a strong sensation
of need to empty the bladder.
Stress incontinence Urethral sphincter failure associated with increased intra-
abdominal pressure, as occurs with sneezing, laughing, coughing, and aerobic
exercise.
Mixed incontinence A combination of different types of incontinence, such as stress
and urgency incontinence.
Overflow incontinence Involuntary loss of urine due to poor contractility of the
bladder muscle and obstruction of the urethra.
Functional incontinence Incontinence caused by cognitive inability to recognize the
urge to urinate or physical impairment.
