INTRODUCTION TO THE NERVOUS
SYSTEM REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS NEWEST VERSION.
What is the function of astrocytes in the CNS? - CorreCt Answers -They
provide nutrients to neurons and maintain the proper chemical
environment.
What is the role of oligodendrocytes in the CNS? - CorreCt Answers -They
form and maintain the myelin sheath around CNS axons.
What do Schwann cells do in the PNS? - CorreCt Answers -They form and
maintain the myelin sheath around single PNS axons and support multiple
unmyelinated axons.
What is myelination and its function? - CorreCt Answers -Myelination is
the process of forming a myelin sheath around axons, which electrically
insulates them and increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction.
What are nodes of Ranvier? - CorreCt Answers -Gaps in the myelin sheath
between Schwann cells or oligodendrocytes that facilitate rapid conduction
of action potentials.
What happens during the depolarizing phase of an action potential? -
CorreCt Answers -Voltage-gated Na+ channels open, allowing Na+ ions to
rush into the cell, making the membrane potential positive.
, What occurs during the repolarizing phase of an action potential? - CorreCt
Answers -Voltage-gated K+ channels open, allowing K+ ions to flow out of
the cell, which starts to return the membrane potential to its resting state.
How do chemical synapses transmit impulses? - CorreCt Answers -They
release neurotransmitters that cross the synaptic cleft and bind to receptors
on the postsynaptic neuron.
What is the difference between excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
and inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)? - CorreCt Answers -EPSP
brings the membrane potential closer to threshold (depolarization), while
IPSP moves it further from threshold (hyperpolarization).
What is summation in the context of postsynaptic potentials? - CorreCt
Answers -The process by which graded potentials from different
presynaptic neurons are added together to determine if an action potential
will occur.
What is the process of chromatolysis? - CorreCt Answers -The breakdown
of Nissl bodies in the neuron cell body following injury, indicating a
response to damage.
What is Wallerian degeneration? - CorreCt Answers -The degeneration of
the distal portion of a damaged axon and its myelin sheath.
What is the role of the regeneration tube formed by Schwann cells? -
CorreCt Answers -It guides axon growth across an injury area in the PNS,
facilitating repair.What is the title of the book that contains Chapter 12 on
the Nervous System? - CorreCt Answers -Anatomy and Physiology
SYSTEM REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS NEWEST VERSION.
What is the function of astrocytes in the CNS? - CorreCt Answers -They
provide nutrients to neurons and maintain the proper chemical
environment.
What is the role of oligodendrocytes in the CNS? - CorreCt Answers -They
form and maintain the myelin sheath around CNS axons.
What do Schwann cells do in the PNS? - CorreCt Answers -They form and
maintain the myelin sheath around single PNS axons and support multiple
unmyelinated axons.
What is myelination and its function? - CorreCt Answers -Myelination is
the process of forming a myelin sheath around axons, which electrically
insulates them and increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction.
What are nodes of Ranvier? - CorreCt Answers -Gaps in the myelin sheath
between Schwann cells or oligodendrocytes that facilitate rapid conduction
of action potentials.
What happens during the depolarizing phase of an action potential? -
CorreCt Answers -Voltage-gated Na+ channels open, allowing Na+ ions to
rush into the cell, making the membrane potential positive.
, What occurs during the repolarizing phase of an action potential? - CorreCt
Answers -Voltage-gated K+ channels open, allowing K+ ions to flow out of
the cell, which starts to return the membrane potential to its resting state.
How do chemical synapses transmit impulses? - CorreCt Answers -They
release neurotransmitters that cross the synaptic cleft and bind to receptors
on the postsynaptic neuron.
What is the difference between excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
and inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)? - CorreCt Answers -EPSP
brings the membrane potential closer to threshold (depolarization), while
IPSP moves it further from threshold (hyperpolarization).
What is summation in the context of postsynaptic potentials? - CorreCt
Answers -The process by which graded potentials from different
presynaptic neurons are added together to determine if an action potential
will occur.
What is the process of chromatolysis? - CorreCt Answers -The breakdown
of Nissl bodies in the neuron cell body following injury, indicating a
response to damage.
What is Wallerian degeneration? - CorreCt Answers -The degeneration of
the distal portion of a damaged axon and its myelin sheath.
What is the role of the regeneration tube formed by Schwann cells? -
CorreCt Answers -It guides axon growth across an injury area in the PNS,
facilitating repair.What is the title of the book that contains Chapter 12 on
the Nervous System? - CorreCt Answers -Anatomy and Physiology
