Bio1108 /Bio 1108 midterm exam 2025 actual exam complete exam questions with
detailed verified answers currently testing verified by expert for a+ grade // brand new
Staphylococcus aureus - (answer)-Staphylococcus aureus is a type of bacteria that is spherical, Gram-
positive, and often found on the skin or in the NOSE.
-It can cause skin and soft tissue infections, as well as more serious infections such as pneumonia, heart
valve infections, and bone infections.
-It may be resistant to some antibiotics.
-not a problem when kept under control by a protease found in S. epidermidis, but if left to grow out of
control, S. aureus CAN BECOME PATHOGENIC.
Candida albicans - (answer)-fungus can cause oral infection known as thrush (& in urogenital tract can
cause yeast infections)
Lactobacillus - (answer)-causes low pH in vagina and it secretes lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide.
-keeps other species in small numbers in the vagina and its decrease due to antibiotic disturbances
Bacteroidetes - (answer)-gram negative, anaerobic bacteria, often found in intestinal tracts of animals
and aid in digestion.
-Fecal transplants help restore Bacteroidetes
-diets high in animal protein and fats have high levels of Bacteroidetes
Clostridium difficile - (answer)-major cause of antibiotic induced colitis & diarrhea.
-many strains are antibiotic resistant
-releases toxin as it grows that attack lining of the intestines.
Helicobacter pylori - (answer)-bacteria has a helical shape and colonizes the stomach and upper G.I.
tract.
,Bio1108 /Bio 1108 midterm exam 2025 actual exam complete exam questions with
detailed verified answers currently testing verified by expert for a+ grade // brand new
- It is known to be a major cause of stomach ulcers, although many people with H. pylori do not get
ulcers.
-these bacteria may also be beneficial to the host, as is the case for reducing the risk of obesity,
childhood asthma, inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease among others.
Microsporum - (answer)fungi that feast on keratin in the skin and cause "ringworm" fungal infections
-infects hair and skin
Trichophyton - (answer)fungi that feast on keratin in the skin and cause 'ringworm' fungal infections.
-infects hair, skin, and nails
Microbe - (answer)tiny living organism, such as bacterium, archaean, fungus, protist, or virus
Microbiome - (answer)collectively all the microbes in the human body (i.e., a community of microbes)
Biofilm - (answer)a community of microbes that live together on a surface
What types of cells are found in and on a typical, healthy human body?
A.Viral cells
B.Fungal cells
C.Bacterial cells
D.Archaebacterial cells
E.Protists
F.All of the above - (answer)F.All of the above
, Bio1108 /Bio 1108 midterm exam 2025 actual exam complete exam questions with
detailed verified answers currently testing verified by expert for a+ grade // brand new
How is the nose a primary defender against inhaled pathogens? - (answer)-Cilia and the mucous lining
trap inhaled microbes.
-Inflammation from viral infection and allergic reactions
How does the mouth defend against pathogens? - (answer)-Saliva, pH, temperature, & the immune
system prevent many species from surviving.
How does the skin defend against pathogens? - (answer)-The skin has natural defenses (e.g., slightly
acidic sweat & apocrine sweat has antimicrobial peptides).
-The skin has several environments: oily, dry, moist. Some microbes prefer one over another.
appocrine sweat - (answer)-appocrine sweat which has antimicrobial peptides that are effective against
pathogenic bacteria
-Appocrine sweat also provides nutrients to beneficial bacteria, which are unaffected by the
antimicrobial peptides.
Heterotherms - (answer)body temperature varies depending on environment
Homeotherms - (answer)maintain constant body temp despite environmental fluctuations
Endotherms - (answer)energy comes from internal mechanisms
Ectotherms - (answer)energy comes from external sources
What type of feedback loop is thermoregulation? - (answer)-negative (self-correcting to homeostasis)
detailed verified answers currently testing verified by expert for a+ grade // brand new
Staphylococcus aureus - (answer)-Staphylococcus aureus is a type of bacteria that is spherical, Gram-
positive, and often found on the skin or in the NOSE.
-It can cause skin and soft tissue infections, as well as more serious infections such as pneumonia, heart
valve infections, and bone infections.
-It may be resistant to some antibiotics.
-not a problem when kept under control by a protease found in S. epidermidis, but if left to grow out of
control, S. aureus CAN BECOME PATHOGENIC.
Candida albicans - (answer)-fungus can cause oral infection known as thrush (& in urogenital tract can
cause yeast infections)
Lactobacillus - (answer)-causes low pH in vagina and it secretes lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide.
-keeps other species in small numbers in the vagina and its decrease due to antibiotic disturbances
Bacteroidetes - (answer)-gram negative, anaerobic bacteria, often found in intestinal tracts of animals
and aid in digestion.
-Fecal transplants help restore Bacteroidetes
-diets high in animal protein and fats have high levels of Bacteroidetes
Clostridium difficile - (answer)-major cause of antibiotic induced colitis & diarrhea.
-many strains are antibiotic resistant
-releases toxin as it grows that attack lining of the intestines.
Helicobacter pylori - (answer)-bacteria has a helical shape and colonizes the stomach and upper G.I.
tract.
,Bio1108 /Bio 1108 midterm exam 2025 actual exam complete exam questions with
detailed verified answers currently testing verified by expert for a+ grade // brand new
- It is known to be a major cause of stomach ulcers, although many people with H. pylori do not get
ulcers.
-these bacteria may also be beneficial to the host, as is the case for reducing the risk of obesity,
childhood asthma, inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease among others.
Microsporum - (answer)fungi that feast on keratin in the skin and cause "ringworm" fungal infections
-infects hair and skin
Trichophyton - (answer)fungi that feast on keratin in the skin and cause 'ringworm' fungal infections.
-infects hair, skin, and nails
Microbe - (answer)tiny living organism, such as bacterium, archaean, fungus, protist, or virus
Microbiome - (answer)collectively all the microbes in the human body (i.e., a community of microbes)
Biofilm - (answer)a community of microbes that live together on a surface
What types of cells are found in and on a typical, healthy human body?
A.Viral cells
B.Fungal cells
C.Bacterial cells
D.Archaebacterial cells
E.Protists
F.All of the above - (answer)F.All of the above
, Bio1108 /Bio 1108 midterm exam 2025 actual exam complete exam questions with
detailed verified answers currently testing verified by expert for a+ grade // brand new
How is the nose a primary defender against inhaled pathogens? - (answer)-Cilia and the mucous lining
trap inhaled microbes.
-Inflammation from viral infection and allergic reactions
How does the mouth defend against pathogens? - (answer)-Saliva, pH, temperature, & the immune
system prevent many species from surviving.
How does the skin defend against pathogens? - (answer)-The skin has natural defenses (e.g., slightly
acidic sweat & apocrine sweat has antimicrobial peptides).
-The skin has several environments: oily, dry, moist. Some microbes prefer one over another.
appocrine sweat - (answer)-appocrine sweat which has antimicrobial peptides that are effective against
pathogenic bacteria
-Appocrine sweat also provides nutrients to beneficial bacteria, which are unaffected by the
antimicrobial peptides.
Heterotherms - (answer)body temperature varies depending on environment
Homeotherms - (answer)maintain constant body temp despite environmental fluctuations
Endotherms - (answer)energy comes from internal mechanisms
Ectotherms - (answer)energy comes from external sources
What type of feedback loop is thermoregulation? - (answer)-negative (self-correcting to homeostasis)
