WGU C181 Exam Questions with Complete Solutions 100% Solved| Grade A+
Lawrence v Texas Texas law criminalizes homosexuality but not heterosexuality. The court
observed "an emerging awareness that liberty gives substantial protection to adult persons in
deciding how to conduct heir private lives in matters pertaining to sex.
Result: since Texas law furthered no legitimate state interests but intruded into the intimate
personal choices of individuals, then the law was void
Equality of opportunity Equal chance to succeed/develope talents
Equality of outcome Greater uniformity in social,economic, and political power among
different social groups
3 major ideas of the 14th amendment Freed slaves are citizens, prohibits the states from
abridging the "privileges or immunities of citizents of the US or depriving "any person of life,
liberty, or property without due process of law" and no state shall deny to any person within its
jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws
what are black codes / jim crow laws laws enacted by the former slave states to restrict the
freedom of blacks
ex: vagrancy and apprenticeship
laws forced blacks to work and denied them a choice of employers
racial segregation in the US from before the civil war, racial segregation had been a way of
life in the south, blacks lived and worked separately from whites. after the war, southern states
began to enact Jim crow laws to reinforce segregation. they required blacks to live in separate
areas and restricted them to separate sections of hospitals, separate drinking and toilet
facilities, separate schools and separate sections of trains, jails and parks
,separate but equal doctrine separate facilities for blacks and whites satisfied the 14th
amendment as long as they were equal
how did the court apply the 14th amendment in plessy vs ferguson plessy was 7/8
Caucasian, sat in a whites only car and was arrested for refusing to move to a "blacks only" car.
He argued the 14th amendment and the supreme court disagreed - their decision became
known as the separate but equal doctrine
14th amendment applied to brown v board of education brown was a black child denied
entry into a white college. They appealed the case and it reached the supreme court in 1952. it
merged with 4 similar cases into a class action case. they challenged the separate but equal
doctrine.
chief justice earl Warren declared that "in the field of public education the doctrine of
"separate but equal" has NO place, separate education facilities are inherently unequal.
the nations highest court found that state-imposed public school segregation violated the equal
protection clause of the 14th amendment.
the court deferred implementation of the school desegregation until 1955 and then in Brown v
Board of education II, it ruled the school system must desegregate.
de facto segregation not the result of government action
de jure segregation government imposed segregation
de jure segregation was upheld in the Plessy case but dismantled in the brown v board case
civil rights movement the civil rights movement were steps taken to desegregate in other
areas then just schools
,Rosa Parks she was arrested for sitting in the front of a bus (white spot) and the black
community responded with a boycott on the bus system
montgomery bus boycott bus company moved close to bankruptcy, downtown merchants
last black business. the leader of the group, martin luther king, encouraged the blacks not to
give in - a year later the federal court ruled segregation on transportation illegal
24th amendment banned poll taxes in primary and general elections for national office
civil rights act of 1964 most comprehensive legislative attempt ever to erase racial
discrimination in the US
-entitled all persons to the full and equal implement of goods, services, and privileges in places
of public accommodation
-established the right to equality in employment opportunities
-strengthened voting rights legislation
-created the EEOC (equal employment opportunity commission) and charged it with hearing
and investigating job discrimination complaints
-provided that funds could be withheld from federally assisted programs administered in a
discriminatory manner
voting rights act of 1965 empowered the attorney general to send voter registration
supervisors to areas in which fewer than half the eligible minority voters had been registered
doubled black voter registration
fair housing act of 1968 banned discrimination in the rental and sale of most housing
, regents of university California Davis vs Bakke while male (alan bakke) was denied entry into
college because the spots were being "saved" for minorities. court managed to minimize white
opposition to the goal of equality
how did affirmative action laws change with the supreme courts ruling in the regents case
the court said that because of equality we can extend gains for racial matters
when did native Americans receive citizenship 1924
native Americans have been coerced to assimilate into the mainstream of white society
event that gave Hispanics national recognition for more rights the united farm workers
union
resulted in better pay, working conditions, and housing for farm workers
what does the ADA (americans with disabilities act) guarantee to individuals with disabilities
access to employment, transportation, public accommodations and communication services
ending the "dont ask, dont tell" policy in the military led to what result the policy enables
gays and lesbians to serve openly in the US military
protectionism the notion that women must be sheltered from lifes harsh realities (the root
of laws that affected women's civil rights)
19th amendment gave women the right to vote
how did title IX of the education amendments of 1972 pressed for womens rights it
prohibited sex discrimination in federally aided educational programs
Lawrence v Texas Texas law criminalizes homosexuality but not heterosexuality. The court
observed "an emerging awareness that liberty gives substantial protection to adult persons in
deciding how to conduct heir private lives in matters pertaining to sex.
Result: since Texas law furthered no legitimate state interests but intruded into the intimate
personal choices of individuals, then the law was void
Equality of opportunity Equal chance to succeed/develope talents
Equality of outcome Greater uniformity in social,economic, and political power among
different social groups
3 major ideas of the 14th amendment Freed slaves are citizens, prohibits the states from
abridging the "privileges or immunities of citizents of the US or depriving "any person of life,
liberty, or property without due process of law" and no state shall deny to any person within its
jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws
what are black codes / jim crow laws laws enacted by the former slave states to restrict the
freedom of blacks
ex: vagrancy and apprenticeship
laws forced blacks to work and denied them a choice of employers
racial segregation in the US from before the civil war, racial segregation had been a way of
life in the south, blacks lived and worked separately from whites. after the war, southern states
began to enact Jim crow laws to reinforce segregation. they required blacks to live in separate
areas and restricted them to separate sections of hospitals, separate drinking and toilet
facilities, separate schools and separate sections of trains, jails and parks
,separate but equal doctrine separate facilities for blacks and whites satisfied the 14th
amendment as long as they were equal
how did the court apply the 14th amendment in plessy vs ferguson plessy was 7/8
Caucasian, sat in a whites only car and was arrested for refusing to move to a "blacks only" car.
He argued the 14th amendment and the supreme court disagreed - their decision became
known as the separate but equal doctrine
14th amendment applied to brown v board of education brown was a black child denied
entry into a white college. They appealed the case and it reached the supreme court in 1952. it
merged with 4 similar cases into a class action case. they challenged the separate but equal
doctrine.
chief justice earl Warren declared that "in the field of public education the doctrine of
"separate but equal" has NO place, separate education facilities are inherently unequal.
the nations highest court found that state-imposed public school segregation violated the equal
protection clause of the 14th amendment.
the court deferred implementation of the school desegregation until 1955 and then in Brown v
Board of education II, it ruled the school system must desegregate.
de facto segregation not the result of government action
de jure segregation government imposed segregation
de jure segregation was upheld in the Plessy case but dismantled in the brown v board case
civil rights movement the civil rights movement were steps taken to desegregate in other
areas then just schools
,Rosa Parks she was arrested for sitting in the front of a bus (white spot) and the black
community responded with a boycott on the bus system
montgomery bus boycott bus company moved close to bankruptcy, downtown merchants
last black business. the leader of the group, martin luther king, encouraged the blacks not to
give in - a year later the federal court ruled segregation on transportation illegal
24th amendment banned poll taxes in primary and general elections for national office
civil rights act of 1964 most comprehensive legislative attempt ever to erase racial
discrimination in the US
-entitled all persons to the full and equal implement of goods, services, and privileges in places
of public accommodation
-established the right to equality in employment opportunities
-strengthened voting rights legislation
-created the EEOC (equal employment opportunity commission) and charged it with hearing
and investigating job discrimination complaints
-provided that funds could be withheld from federally assisted programs administered in a
discriminatory manner
voting rights act of 1965 empowered the attorney general to send voter registration
supervisors to areas in which fewer than half the eligible minority voters had been registered
doubled black voter registration
fair housing act of 1968 banned discrimination in the rental and sale of most housing
, regents of university California Davis vs Bakke while male (alan bakke) was denied entry into
college because the spots were being "saved" for minorities. court managed to minimize white
opposition to the goal of equality
how did affirmative action laws change with the supreme courts ruling in the regents case
the court said that because of equality we can extend gains for racial matters
when did native Americans receive citizenship 1924
native Americans have been coerced to assimilate into the mainstream of white society
event that gave Hispanics national recognition for more rights the united farm workers
union
resulted in better pay, working conditions, and housing for farm workers
what does the ADA (americans with disabilities act) guarantee to individuals with disabilities
access to employment, transportation, public accommodations and communication services
ending the "dont ask, dont tell" policy in the military led to what result the policy enables
gays and lesbians to serve openly in the US military
protectionism the notion that women must be sheltered from lifes harsh realities (the root
of laws that affected women's civil rights)
19th amendment gave women the right to vote
how did title IX of the education amendments of 1972 pressed for womens rights it
prohibited sex discrimination in federally aided educational programs
