Multi-store Model
AO1
• ATKINSON + SHIFFRIN
• stimulus from environment • info from environmen
• Sensory register briefly stored in
• unlimited capacity sensory register
• Duration of 250 ms information that is
• Coding echoic + iconic depiction of of sense that has picked it up attended to moves to
• Forgotten due to decay - not paid att / rehearsed short-term memory
information that is
• STM rehearsed as moved
• limited cap of 5-9 items from short term
• duration = 18-30s memory long-term
• Coding mainly acoustic memory
• Forgetting due to decay - duration of 15-30s exceeded
• Info displaced
• LTM
• unlimited cap
• Lifetime duration
• Semantic coding
• Forgetting due to retrieval failure + absence of corr retrieval cues
• retrieval = LTM -> STM
• Prolonged rehearsal = STM -> LTM
• rehearsal loop = process of mentally repeating information in short-term memory to maintain its present and prevent
forgetting
AO3
S: EVIDENCE FROM MEM STUDIES
• PETERSON + PETERSON - lab exp - STM dur = 15-30s
• BAHRICK - LTM unlimited
W: LAB EXP
S: HM
• case study
• Problems in LTM after brain surgery
• Rem little personal + public events
• STM intact
• Sep stores
W: CASE STUDY
W: STM MANY STORES
• BADDELEY + HITCH
, Working Memory Model
AO1
BADDELEY + HITCH
• Model of STM - active store
• central executive
• Most imp
• Problem solving + decision making
• Supervisory function - over 3 slave systems
• phonological loop
• Stores + processes limited am of verbal + speech - based sounds
• Phonological store : stores heard words
• Articualatory process : maintenance reh of items stored in ph store + cap of 2s of info
• VSS
• Setting up + manipulating mental images
• Limited cap of 3-4 items
• Visual coding
• Visual cache - stores visual info
• Inner scribe - record, arrangement of objects in visual field
• episodic buffer
• Integrates, visual spatial and verbal information
• Storage component of central executive
• Links working memory to LTM
AO3
S: BADDELEY + HITCH
• ps could perform reasoning task while reading aloud 6 digits
• 2 tasks carried out simultaneously in STM
• Sep stores + suv comp dividing att
W: LAB EXP
• artificial + controlled
• Low eco val
• Limits gen
W: ROLE OF CE UNCLEAR
• argue CE many components
• EVR
• Perform reasoning tasks
• problems with decision-making
S: RW EVIDENCE : KF
• motorbike acc
• Brain damage
• Impaired art loop but intact VSS
AO1
• ATKINSON + SHIFFRIN
• stimulus from environment • info from environmen
• Sensory register briefly stored in
• unlimited capacity sensory register
• Duration of 250 ms information that is
• Coding echoic + iconic depiction of of sense that has picked it up attended to moves to
• Forgotten due to decay - not paid att / rehearsed short-term memory
information that is
• STM rehearsed as moved
• limited cap of 5-9 items from short term
• duration = 18-30s memory long-term
• Coding mainly acoustic memory
• Forgetting due to decay - duration of 15-30s exceeded
• Info displaced
• LTM
• unlimited cap
• Lifetime duration
• Semantic coding
• Forgetting due to retrieval failure + absence of corr retrieval cues
• retrieval = LTM -> STM
• Prolonged rehearsal = STM -> LTM
• rehearsal loop = process of mentally repeating information in short-term memory to maintain its present and prevent
forgetting
AO3
S: EVIDENCE FROM MEM STUDIES
• PETERSON + PETERSON - lab exp - STM dur = 15-30s
• BAHRICK - LTM unlimited
W: LAB EXP
S: HM
• case study
• Problems in LTM after brain surgery
• Rem little personal + public events
• STM intact
• Sep stores
W: CASE STUDY
W: STM MANY STORES
• BADDELEY + HITCH
, Working Memory Model
AO1
BADDELEY + HITCH
• Model of STM - active store
• central executive
• Most imp
• Problem solving + decision making
• Supervisory function - over 3 slave systems
• phonological loop
• Stores + processes limited am of verbal + speech - based sounds
• Phonological store : stores heard words
• Articualatory process : maintenance reh of items stored in ph store + cap of 2s of info
• VSS
• Setting up + manipulating mental images
• Limited cap of 3-4 items
• Visual coding
• Visual cache - stores visual info
• Inner scribe - record, arrangement of objects in visual field
• episodic buffer
• Integrates, visual spatial and verbal information
• Storage component of central executive
• Links working memory to LTM
AO3
S: BADDELEY + HITCH
• ps could perform reasoning task while reading aloud 6 digits
• 2 tasks carried out simultaneously in STM
• Sep stores + suv comp dividing att
W: LAB EXP
• artificial + controlled
• Low eco val
• Limits gen
W: ROLE OF CE UNCLEAR
• argue CE many components
• EVR
• Perform reasoning tasks
• problems with decision-making
S: RW EVIDENCE : KF
• motorbike acc
• Brain damage
• Impaired art loop but intact VSS
