exam 2 np 7120 definitions/NP 7120 DEFINITIONS
EXAM 2 LATEST FINAL EXAM UPDATED FOR 2025
GRADED A+ 100% CERTIFIED, ELABORATED
Save
Terms in this set (211)
protect the host from pathogenic invading bacteria
gut flora aid in digestin of fiber
deconjugate bile acids
stenosis due to chronic inflammation, or achalasia due
esophageal obstruction
to failure of LES to relax
esophageal variceies dilated veins resulting from portal hypertension
is a common disorder caused by a combination of
gerd reduced lower esophageal sphincter (LES) tone and
gastric hyperacidity.
chronic GERD can lead to Barrett esophagus and
Esophageal cancer: adenocarcinoma. Alcohol and tobacco exposure are
linked to squamous cell carcinoma
is a reflex response that is initiated voluntarily in the
swallowing mouth when the tongue pushes the bolus of food
backward into the pharynx
mechanical stenosis, normal esophagel movements
esophageal obstruction take places b ut blockage occurs htrough inflmed
tissues due to such casues as chronic gerd,
, a swallowing disorder that affects the movement of
orophyaryngeal
food from the mouth to the esophagus. with neuro
dysphagia
disorders
distal third of the esophagus and is associated wtih
adenocarcinoma
barrets esophagus
cause of esophageal exposure to alcohol with a synergistic affect from
squamous cell cancers tobacco
The role of OT in lactation is in the female
reproductive section. OT stimulates contraction of
oxytocin
uterine smooth muscle and is one of many mediators
involved in the progress of labor and childbirth
In late labor, there is a reflex release of OT in
response to vaginal stretch, promoting uterine
contractions that expel the fetus and the placenta. The
oxytocin in labor
uterine-contracting properties of OT are the basis for
OT infusions to induce labor and its use in
management of postpartum hemorrhage.
It is vital to understand that this is a disorder of water
siadh
excess and not low sodium.
posterior pituitary AVP hypersecretion, is a diagnosis
of exclusion. Excessive renal water retention coupled
with normal sodium excretion results in hyponatremia
siadh define (plasma sodium of <130 nmol/L) and serum
hypoosmolality. Urine is usually concentrated, with
high osmolality. The hyponatremia and hypoosmolality
may be improved by restricting water intake.
AVP acts in the kidney to increase water reabsorption
and produce concentrated urine.
avp
At higher levels, AVP is also a vasoconstrictor and
assists in compensation for hypovolemia states.
affect the secretion of AVP and include dehydration,
what factors may affect
hypovolemia, hypotension, hypoxia, and increased
avp
blood osmolality.
, how does norepi affect Norepinephrine and angiotensin are powerful
avp stimulants of thirst and AVP secretion
polyuria — high rates of excretion of dilute urine.
Central DI occurs when AVP secretion fails, leading to
DI
inability to reabsorb water and sodium and to
produce concentrated urine.
, renal water reabsorption is impaired, resulting in the
production of copious amounts of dilute (clear) urine
di and unquenchable thirst. Blood studies show
hypernatremia and high serum osmolality, and urine
has low osmolality.
female reproductive endocrinology, is a relatively
common cause of failure to ovulate in women of
Polycystic Ovary reproductive age
Syndrome elevated levels of androgens,
'insulin resistance and the associated increase in
circulating insulin levels.
sympathetic nervous system. Epinephrine functions to
epi increase availability of energy substrates in response
to stress. It promotes liver glucose production,
muscle glycogenolysis and release of lactate, stress
epinephrine
hormone
short-term adaptation supporting the fight-or-flight
epi and stress high sugar
response, stress hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia
high lipidemia
are pathological over longer periods of time.
metabolic actions of GH are synergistic with insulin on
muscle protein synthesis, while opposing the actions
gh
of insulin on liver glucose production and tissue
glucose uptake.
stimulated during hypoglycemia
gh secretion durign polysis and subsequent ketone formation, with an
overall effect of decreasing fat mass.
EXAM 2 LATEST FINAL EXAM UPDATED FOR 2025
GRADED A+ 100% CERTIFIED, ELABORATED
Save
Terms in this set (211)
protect the host from pathogenic invading bacteria
gut flora aid in digestin of fiber
deconjugate bile acids
stenosis due to chronic inflammation, or achalasia due
esophageal obstruction
to failure of LES to relax
esophageal variceies dilated veins resulting from portal hypertension
is a common disorder caused by a combination of
gerd reduced lower esophageal sphincter (LES) tone and
gastric hyperacidity.
chronic GERD can lead to Barrett esophagus and
Esophageal cancer: adenocarcinoma. Alcohol and tobacco exposure are
linked to squamous cell carcinoma
is a reflex response that is initiated voluntarily in the
swallowing mouth when the tongue pushes the bolus of food
backward into the pharynx
mechanical stenosis, normal esophagel movements
esophageal obstruction take places b ut blockage occurs htrough inflmed
tissues due to such casues as chronic gerd,
, a swallowing disorder that affects the movement of
orophyaryngeal
food from the mouth to the esophagus. with neuro
dysphagia
disorders
distal third of the esophagus and is associated wtih
adenocarcinoma
barrets esophagus
cause of esophageal exposure to alcohol with a synergistic affect from
squamous cell cancers tobacco
The role of OT in lactation is in the female
reproductive section. OT stimulates contraction of
oxytocin
uterine smooth muscle and is one of many mediators
involved in the progress of labor and childbirth
In late labor, there is a reflex release of OT in
response to vaginal stretch, promoting uterine
contractions that expel the fetus and the placenta. The
oxytocin in labor
uterine-contracting properties of OT are the basis for
OT infusions to induce labor and its use in
management of postpartum hemorrhage.
It is vital to understand that this is a disorder of water
siadh
excess and not low sodium.
posterior pituitary AVP hypersecretion, is a diagnosis
of exclusion. Excessive renal water retention coupled
with normal sodium excretion results in hyponatremia
siadh define (plasma sodium of <130 nmol/L) and serum
hypoosmolality. Urine is usually concentrated, with
high osmolality. The hyponatremia and hypoosmolality
may be improved by restricting water intake.
AVP acts in the kidney to increase water reabsorption
and produce concentrated urine.
avp
At higher levels, AVP is also a vasoconstrictor and
assists in compensation for hypovolemia states.
affect the secretion of AVP and include dehydration,
what factors may affect
hypovolemia, hypotension, hypoxia, and increased
avp
blood osmolality.
, how does norepi affect Norepinephrine and angiotensin are powerful
avp stimulants of thirst and AVP secretion
polyuria — high rates of excretion of dilute urine.
Central DI occurs when AVP secretion fails, leading to
DI
inability to reabsorb water and sodium and to
produce concentrated urine.
, renal water reabsorption is impaired, resulting in the
production of copious amounts of dilute (clear) urine
di and unquenchable thirst. Blood studies show
hypernatremia and high serum osmolality, and urine
has low osmolality.
female reproductive endocrinology, is a relatively
common cause of failure to ovulate in women of
Polycystic Ovary reproductive age
Syndrome elevated levels of androgens,
'insulin resistance and the associated increase in
circulating insulin levels.
sympathetic nervous system. Epinephrine functions to
epi increase availability of energy substrates in response
to stress. It promotes liver glucose production,
muscle glycogenolysis and release of lactate, stress
epinephrine
hormone
short-term adaptation supporting the fight-or-flight
epi and stress high sugar
response, stress hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia
high lipidemia
are pathological over longer periods of time.
metabolic actions of GH are synergistic with insulin on
muscle protein synthesis, while opposing the actions
gh
of insulin on liver glucose production and tissue
glucose uptake.
stimulated during hypoglycemia
gh secretion durign polysis and subsequent ketone formation, with an
overall effect of decreasing fat mass.
