Viticulture Study Guide Exam With Practical Questions And Correct Answers.

Name three of the major vine nutrients? - correct answer Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium In a vineyard, the chemical composition of the soil is usually considered more important than the physical structure (T/F). - correct answer False Vine branches begin their existence as: - correct answer Canes Pinot Noir - correct answer Has nearly a thousand clones, including Pommard A trellis system - correct answer maximizes sunlight exposure, promotes air circulation, protects from low-lying cold air New grapevines - correct answer Tend to decline by their 20th year A Guyot trellis system is _______ pruned - correct answer cane The term Vitis vinifera refers to: - correct answer grape species originated from Asia and huge in Europe that includes grapes varieties renown to world of wine today A crossing is a new grape variety created by combining parent grapes - correct answer of the same species Photosynthesis - correct answer sunlight and carbon dioxide are harnessed to produce sugar and water Transpiration - correct answer process of "cooling" the vine through the evaporation of water vapor Respiration - correct answer breakdown of sugar and malic acid to provide energy for the vine Translocation - correct answer movement of substances within the vine Winter Pruning - correct answer removal of past season's vegetative growth (done in order to maintain the vine at a certain shape and size) Shoot Thinning - correct answer removal of unwanted vegetative growth in the spring (done in order to focus the vine's energy on its primary superstructure and fruit) Summer Pruning - correct answer removal of shoot's growing tops (done in order to slow down vegetative growth) Shoot Devigoration - correct answer forcing upward-growth shoot into a downward position in order to curtail vigor Shoot Positioning - correct answer tying shoots onto stakes or trellis system in order to optimize sun exposure and air circulation Leaf Removal - correct answer removal of leaves around fruit zone in order to maximize pigment and flavor development Trellis System - correct answer structure that supports the vine's vegetative growth Flowering - correct answer period when grapevine self-pollinates Budbreak - correct answer phase of initial shoot development; vine pulls from carbohydrate reserves in Leaf Fall and Dormancy - correct answer period when vine is not vegetatively active Berry/Fruit Set - correct answer point at which flower is fertilized; marks transition from flower to berry Veraison - correct answer point at which grape berries begin to change color and soften as sugars are translocated from leaf to fruit Harvest - correct answer point at which grapes are both ripe and mature and are picked for processing Which of the following statements is NOT correct? Budbreak occurs when the shoot begins to grow. At veraison, the grape berry is small, hard, green, and high in acid Ripeness and maturity are two different concepts Grapevines pollinate themselves, so bees are not necessary - correct answer At veraison, the grape berry is small, hard, green, and high in acid The first visible sign that a vine is "awake" in spring is - correct answer Weeping The period when flower fertilization occurs and the grape berries begin to develop is known as: - correct answer Fruit set Harvest is optimal when: Maximum sugar levels are attained Sugar levels are in balance with acidity and pH Acidity is reduced below acceptable levels of taste None of the above - correct answer Sugar levels are in balance with acidity and pH In photosynthesis: - correct answer Chlorophyll in the leaves reacts with sunlight to change carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen Which of the following procedures moves sugars from the grape leaves to the grape berries? - correct answer Translocation The climate of an individual vineyard is referred to as: - correct answer Meso-Climate T/F: Mediterranean climates have warm dry summers, mild wet winters, and generally low humidity. - correct answer True Which of the following statements is NOT true? Hang time varies according to the average temperature of the region In cooler regions, grapes will have more total acid Warmer regions yield fruit that is more tart than in colder regions Grapes in cooler regions take longer to mature - correct answer Warmer regions yield fruit that is more tart than in colder regions Which of the following statements is true? Grapevines can adapt to nearly any type of soil, as long as it drains well Grapevines do best on fertile soil Sand has a greater capacity to hold nutrients and water than silt Vine roots tend to "slip off" clay soils - correct answer Grapevines can adapt to nearly any type of soil, as long as it drains well The further a vineyard lies from the equator: The longer the growing days in summer The shorter the growing season in summer