IGCSE Travel and Tourism Unit 1 Exam 2025

What is tourism? - -the temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence and the activities during their stay in those destinations What is the Travel and Tourism industry? - -the mix of businesses and agencies who work together to serve the needs of people who travel What are the sub-sectors of the T&T industry? - -Transportation Attractions Accommodation providers Catering Tourism Information and Guiding services Tour operators Travel Agents How do we classify tourists? - -Domestic vs International Leisure vs Business vs VFR Overnight vs Day trippers what is a VFR tourist? - -visiting friends and relatives What is an international tourist? - -when people from overseas visit your country What is a Domestic Tourist - -taking holidays and trips in your own country What are the forms of Business tourism? - - 1. meetings - bringing people together to exchange information 2. incentives - travel as a reward for employees 3. conferences - multi day events of at least 100 delegates for the purpose of exchanging information 4. exhibitions - bringing people together to view products Name the types of business facilities used to host conferences? - -Quite a few hotels and resorts also have a large conference centre to host conferences eg: Sun City Name the types of business facilities used to host exhibitions - - 1. Sports stadiums 2. Conference Centre’s 3. Universities TRAVEL TRAVEL 4. Ballrooms Outbound tourism - -travelling to a different country for a visit or holiday Inbound tourism - -visitors from overseas coming into the country Leisure travel - -Travelling to relax and enjoy yourself, outside of work hours. Business travel - -Travel for work or professional purposes Specialist travel - -Travel which offers the kind of experience the customer wants What are tour operators? - -Companies that organise package holidays. Domestic Tour Operators - -these companies put together UK holidays for people living in the UK, e.g. Shearings, Haven Holidays. Outbound Tour Operators - -these companies put together holidays for UK residents wanting to go on holiday overseas, e.g. Thompson Holidays, Thomas Cook Inbound Tour Operators - -these companies provide for overseas tourists who want to travel to the UK, e.g. Pathfinders, GTI Travel What is the role of the travel agent? - -1. Acts as an agent for a principle 2. To sell holidays and ancilliary products 3. To provide customers with information and booking facilities (an information broker) 4. To advise customers 5. Acts as an intermediary to provide info on holiday packages and info on destinations What do Business Travel agents do? - -Make travel arrangements with airlines and large hotel chain accommodation for business tourists What are the types of travel agents? - -1. Multiples 2. Miniples What are multiples? - -when a travel agent is a national chain and has branches throughout the country and in other countries as well What are miniples? - -An independent travel agent that is not part of a national chain and have one shop or a few in an area What is the place of Travel Agents in the Chain of Distribution? - -PRINCIPAL to WHOLESALE TOUR OPERATOR to RETAIL TRAVEL AGENTS to CUSTOMER What is a principal? - -The primary supplier in the T&T CHAIN OF DISTRIBUTION TRAVEL TRAVEL Give examples of principles? - -Transport providers, accomodation providers, attractions, local tours What does tour operator do? - -1. Acts as a "product builder" by combining and packaging diff products (eg: hotel, flights, transfers, local tour) 2. creates package holidays What is meant by packaging ? - -The process of combining a number of inter-related tourism product and services that offer a customer a comprehensive experience What makes a successful package? - -1. Designed to appeal to a specific target market 2. Offers a unique, appealing experience at travellers What is the role of Tour Operators? - -1. Identify customer needs and then meet those needs and expectations 2. Assemble tourism products from different providers according to customer requirements 3. Provide a co-ordinated and seamless travel experience 4. Reduce prices by negotiating with tourism providers and buying in bulk 5. Issue and deliver travel documentation (eg: tickets and vouchers) 6. Assess the quality of facilities and products 7. Reduce the perceived risk for customers 8. Provide appropriate information by using leaflets, maps, brochures, videos etc. 9. Undertake pre and post market research 10. Promotion on packages in co-operataion with suppliers 11. Complaint handling Online Travel Services - -Some travel agencies now operate only on the internet to save costs of running a shop. What are the types of accommodation? - -1. Hotel - at least 10 rooms and a dining room (restaurant) 2. Motel - situated near a road 3. Guesthouse - at least 5 rooms and a dining room 4. Hostel - Simple accommodation for study/sport/holiday tourists with dining/cooking facilities 5. Holiday village or camp - enclosed area for tents/caravans 6. Holiday home - rent out a full house with cooking facilities 7. Visitors apartment 8. Bed and breakast - accommodation in a private house with includes breakfast What is serviced accomodation? - -when you get cleaning and room serviced included in price of room what is non-serviced accommodation? - -sleeping accommodation is provided but you get meals/bars/shops available close by it is not included in price TRAVEL TRAVEL name some of the features of rooms? - -en-suite bathrooms, wiFi, climate control, telephone, alarm clock, mini-bar, tea/coffee making facilities What is the rating system used by hotels? - -stars What is included in 5-star accommodation? - -excellent service, exceptionally clean and tidy, housekeeping staff 24/7, luxurious décor, wide range of facilities What is included in 3-star accommodation? - -fewer facilties, less luxurious décor, limited services What is a catering outlet? - -a food and beverage facility meeting the needs of customers at a destination or resort What is the role of a catering outlet? - -1. A facility that provides food for tourists 2. Can be seen as an attraction itself: eg: some restaurants have historical value, local menu and special atmospheres What are the types of transport available at a destination? - -1. Air transport: commercial or charter flights 2. Water transport eg: Cruise or ferry 3. Rail transport 4. Coach transport eg: Express coash services, private hire coaches, tour and excursion coaches, transfer services 5. Car transport eg: car hire or camper van What are the advantages of rail transport? - -1. Cheaper 2. You can take more luggage 3. Convenient (usually go from city-centre to city-centre) 4. You don't have to check-in two hours before what is the advantage of flying Business Class? - -1. Airline give you a limo to your hotel 2. Separate Check-in desk 3. business class lounge Regional transport (specific regions in a country) - -Local transport that covers large areas or specific regions In the country. Tourists may use regional transport to get around their destination and to visit other local attractions in the region. National Transport - -Transport that can get someone from one part of the country to another. National transport networks are often used for domestic tourism and business tourism. Global / International transport - -Transport networks that travel outside country borders to connect to international destinations.